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<p style="text-align:justify;">The Sanskrit word ‘tanmatra’ literally means subtle elements. It reflects the knowledge of atoms in ancient classics. [[Ayurveda|Ayurveda]] being the [[Ayu|life]] science has focused on the genesis of [[Ayu|life]] along with the fulfillment of long healthy [[Ayu|life]]. This concept of genesis of [[Ayu|life]] in [[Ayurveda|Ayurveda]] find its roots in [[Sharira Sankhya Sharira|Sankhya]] philosophy and Vedant Philosophy. This concept of tanmatras is reflected as the influence of [[Sharira Sankhya Sharira|Sankhya]] and Vedant philosophy on [[Ayurveda|Ayurved]].

The Sanskrit word ‘tanmatra’ literally means subtle elements. It reflects the knowledge of atoms in ancient classics. [[Ayurveda|Ayurveda]] being the [[Ayu|life]] science has focused on the genesis of [[Ayu|life]] along with the fulfillment of long healthy [[Ayu|life]]. This concept of genesis of [[Ayu|life]] in [[Ayurveda|Ayurveda]] find its roots in [[Sharira Sankhya Sharira|Sankhya]] philosophy and Vedant Philosophy. This concept of tanmatras is reflected as the influence of [[Sharira Sankhya Sharira|Sankhya]] and Vedant philosophy on [[Ayurveda|Ayurved]].

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Sukshma bhoota<ref>Chakrapani, Ayurved Dipika Vyakhya on CharakaSamhitaSharirSthan Chapter 1, verse 63, ChaukhambaSurbharati Publication, 1992, P.293.</ref>, avishesha<ref>ShriIshvarkrishna ,Sankhyakarika, verse 38 Chaukhamba Sanskrit SerieseOffice,Varanasi, 1953. P.33.</ref>, paramanu<ref>Dr.V.J. Thakar, AyurvediyaMaulik Siddhant, Gujrat Ayurved University, Jamnagar,1985 P.135.</ref>. </div>

Sukshma bhoota<ref>Chakrapani, Ayurved Dipika Vyakhya on CharakaSamhitaSharirSthan Chapter 1, verse 63, ChaukhambaSurbharati Publication, 1992, P.293.</ref>, avishesha<ref>ShriIshvarkrishna ,Sankhyakarika, verse 38 Chaukhamba Sanskrit SerieseOffice,Varanasi, 1953. P.33.</ref>, paramanu<ref>Dr.V.J. Thakar, AyurvediyaMaulik Siddhant, Gujrat Ayurved University, Jamnagar,1985 P.135.</ref>. </div>

== Concept of Tanmatra as per Sankhyaphilosophy ==

== Concept of Tanmatra as per Sankhya philosophy ==

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While describing the surge of Universe the Sankhya explains the role of tanmatra.  Sankhya enlisted 25 principles behind creation of universe. These principles are classified into 4 categories according to their role in the surge.<ref>ShriIshvarkrishna ,Sankhyakarika verse 3 Chaukhamba Sanskrit SerieseOffice,Varanasi, 1953.P4.</ref></div>

While describing the surge of Universe the Sankhya explains the role of tanmatra.  Sankhya enlisted 25 principles behind creation of universe. These principles are classified into 4 categories according to their role in the surge.<ref>ShriIshvarkrishna ,Sankhyakarika verse 3 Chaukhamba Sanskrit SerieseOffice,Varanasi, 1953.P4.</ref></div>

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| Mulaprakriti (origin/ creator)

| Mula [[prakriti]] (origin/ creator)

| [[Prakriti|prakriti]]

| [[Prakriti|prakriti]]

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| Prakriti-vikriti (creator & creation dual nature)

| Prakriti-vikriti (creator & creation dual nature)

| Mahat<br/>Ahankar<br/>Panchtanmatra

| [[Mahat]]<br/>[[Ahankar]]<br/>Panchtanmatra

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| Vikar (creation)

| Vikar (creation)

| [[Pancha mahabhuta|Panchamahabhoota]] (Five fundamental elements)<br/>Panchajnanendrya (Five sense organs)<br/>Panchakarmendriya (five motor organs)<br/>[[Manas|Mind (mana)]]

| [[Pancha mahabhuta|Panchamahabhoota]] (five fundamental elements)<br/>[[Panchajnanendriya]] (five sense organs)<br/>[[Panchakarmendriya]] (five motor organs)<br/>[[Manas|Mind (mana)]]

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According to Sankhyas at the initial stage the two original eternal principles are mula [[prakriti]] or [[Avyakta|avyakta]] (principal origin) and [[Purusha|purusha]].<br/>[[Prakriti|Prakriti]] is the original state with balanced state of [[Triguna|triguna]], everything is in a mass and one thing cannot be distinguished from one another. [[Prakriti|Prakriti]] with the help of [[Purusha|purusha]] causes the creation. <ref>Dr.D.L. Chary, A Textbook of PadarthaVijnanaEvumAyurvedItihasa,Chaukhamba Sanskrit Pratishthan,Delhi,2017, P.74.</ref><br/>

According to Sankhyas at the initial stage the two original eternal principles are mula [[prakriti]] or [[Avyakta|avyakta]] (principal origin) and [[Purusha|purusha]].<br/>[[Prakriti|Prakriti]] is the original state with balanced state of [[Triguna|triguna]], everything is in a mass and one thing cannot be distinguished from one another. [[Prakriti|Prakriti]] with the help of [[Purusha|purusha]] causes the creation. <ref>Dr.D.L. Chary, A Textbook of Padartha Vijnana Evum Ayurved Itihasa, Chaukhamba Sanskrit Pratishthan,Delhi,2017, P.74.</ref><br/>

The next principle mahat (cosmic intellect) gets originated from [[Avyakta|avyakta]], and this further originates ahankara (ego/ self sense of cosmos). The ahankara is of three types.

The next principle [[mahat]] (cosmic intellect) gets originated from [[Avyakta|avyakta]], and this further originates [[ahankara]] (ego/ self sense of cosmos). The [[ahankara]] is of three types.

# Sattvika: Ahankara with dominance of [[Sattva|sattva]], also known as vaikarika.

# Sattvika: [[Ahankara]] with dominance of [[Sattva|sattva]], also known as vaikarika.

# Rajasika: Ahankara with dominance of [[Rajas|rajas]], also known as tejas.

# Rajasika: [[Ahankara]] with dominance of [[Rajas|rajas]], also known as tejas.

# Tamasika: Ahankara with dominance of [[Tamas|tamas]], also known as bhutadi.

# Tamasika: [[Ahankara]] with dominance of [[Tamas|tamas]], also known as bhutadi.

The tanmatras originate from tamas ahankara with the help of [[Rajas|rajas]] ahankara. These tanmatras are subtle structures considered as ‘avishesha’ and are the sources of [[Pancha mahabhuta|panchamahabhuta (five basic elements)]]. The [[Pancha mahabhuta|panchamahabhuta]] are macroscopic structures and categorized as vikara (creations). Eleven [[Indriya|indriyas]] originate from sattvika ahankara with help of rajasika ahankara. Tanmatras are principles/ elements with dual nature (i.e. creator and creations) originated from [[Tamas|tamas]] and [[Rajas|rajas]] ahankara. These tanmatras create gross elements.</div>

The tanmatras originate from tamas ahankara with the help of [[Rajas|rajas]] ahankara. These tanmatras are subtle structures considered as ‘avishesha’ and are the sources of [[Pancha mahabhuta|panchamahabhuta (five basic elements)]]. The [[Pancha mahabhuta|panchamahabhuta]] are macroscopic structures and categorized as vikara (creations). Eleven [[Indriya|indriyas]] originate from sattvika [[ahankara]] with help of rajasika [[ahankara]]. Tanmatras are principles/ elements with dual nature (i.e. creator and creations) originated from [[Tamas|tamas]] and [[Rajas|rajas]] ahankara. These tanmatras create gross elements.</div>

== Vedant philosophy ==

== Vedant philosophy ==