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|title=Tanmatra

|title=Tanmatra

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|titlemode=append

|keywords=Tanmatra, Tanmatra in ayurveda, Tanmatra meaning, Charak samhita, carakasamhitaonline, NawkarMadhumati S., Basisht G., Deole Y.S., Tanmatra Definition, Types of tanmatras, Sukshmabhoota, avishesha, paramanu, Concept of Tanmatra, Vaisheshika theory, Tanmatra and quantum spins, Tanmatra and elementary particles, tanmatra in clinical practices,   

|keywords=Tanmatra, Tanmatra in ayurveda, Tanmatra meaning, Charak samhita, carakasamhitaonline, Nawkar Madhumati S., Basisht G., Deole Y.S., Tanmatra Definition, Types of tanmatras, Sukshmabhoota, avishesha, paramanu, Concept of Tanmatra, Vaisheshika theory, Tanmatra and quantum spins, Tanmatra and elementary particles, tanmatra in clinical practices, padartha vijnana, subtle elements  

|description=The Sanskrit word ‘tanmatra’ literally means subtle elements. It reflects the knowledge of atoms in ancient classics

|description=The Sanskrit word ‘tanmatra’ literally means subtle elements. It reflects the knowledge of atoms in ancient classics

|image=http://www.carakasamhitaonline.com/resources/assets/ogimgs.jpg

|image=http://www.carakasamhitaonline.com/resources/assets/ogimgs.jpg

|type=article

|type=article

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<p style="text-align:justify;">The Sanskrit word ‘tanmatra’ literally means subtle elements. It reflects the knowledge of atoms in ancient classics. [[Ayurveda|Ayurveda]] being the [[Ayu|life]] science has focused on the genesis of [[Ayu|life]] along with the fulfillment of long healthy [[Ayu|life]]. This concept of genesis of [[Ayu|life]] in [[Ayurveda|Ayurveda]] find its roots in [[Sharira Sankhya Sharira|Sankhya]] philosophy and Vedant Philosophy. This concept of tanmatras is reflected as the influence of [[Sharira Sankhya Sharira|Sankhya]] and Vedant philosophy on [[Ayurveda|Ayurved]].

The Sanskrit word ‘tanmatra’ literally means subtle elements. It reflects the knowledge of atoms in ancient classics. [[Ayurveda|Ayurveda]] being the [[Ayu|life]] science has focused on the genesis of [[Ayu|life]] along with the fulfillment of long healthy [[Ayu|life]]. This concept of genesis of [[Ayu|life]] in [[Ayurveda|Ayurveda]] find its roots in [[Sharira Sankhya Sharira|Sankhya]] philosophy and Vedant Philosophy. This concept of tanmatras is reflected as the influence of [[Sharira Sankhya Sharira|Sankhya]] and Vedant philosophy on [[Ayurveda|Ayurved]].

</p>

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{{Infobox

{{Infobox

Sukshma bhoota<ref>Chakrapani, Ayurved Dipika Vyakhya on CharakaSamhitaSharirSthan Chapter 1, verse 63, ChaukhambaSurbharati Publication, 1992, P.293.</ref>, avishesha<ref>ShriIshvarkrishna ,Sankhyakarika, verse 38 Chaukhamba Sanskrit SerieseOffice,Varanasi, 1953. P.33.</ref>, paramanu<ref>Dr.V.J. Thakar, AyurvediyaMaulik Siddhant, Gujrat Ayurved University, Jamnagar,1985 P.135.</ref>. </div>

Sukshma bhoota<ref>Chakrapani, Ayurved Dipika Vyakhya on CharakaSamhitaSharirSthan Chapter 1, verse 63, ChaukhambaSurbharati Publication, 1992, P.293.</ref>, avishesha<ref>ShriIshvarkrishna ,Sankhyakarika, verse 38 Chaukhamba Sanskrit SerieseOffice,Varanasi, 1953. P.33.</ref>, paramanu<ref>Dr.V.J. Thakar, AyurvediyaMaulik Siddhant, Gujrat Ayurved University, Jamnagar,1985 P.135.</ref>. </div>

== Concept of Tanmatra as per Sankhyaphilosophy ==

== Concept of Tanmatra as per Sankhya philosophy ==

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While describing the surge of Universe the Sankhya explains the role of tanmatra.  Sankhya enlisted 25 principles behind creation of universe. These principles are classified into 4 categories according to their role in the surge.<ref>ShriIshvarkrishna ,Sankhyakarika verse 3 Chaukhamba Sanskrit SerieseOffice,Varanasi, 1953.P4.</ref></div>

While describing the surge of Universe the Sankhya explains the role of tanmatra.  Sankhya enlisted 25 principles behind creation of universe. These principles are classified into 4 categories according to their role in the surge.<ref>ShriIshvarkrishna ,Sankhyakarika verse 3 Chaukhamba Sanskrit SerieseOffice,Varanasi, 1953.P4.</ref></div>

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| Mulaprakriti (origin/ creator)

| Mula [[prakriti]] (origin/ creator)

| [[Prakriti|prakriti]]

| [[Prakriti|prakriti]]

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| Prakriti-vikriti (creator & creation dual nature)

| Prakriti-vikriti (creator & creation dual nature)

| Mahat<br/>Ahankar<br/>Panchtanmatra

| [[Mahat]]<br/>[[Ahankar]]<br/>Panchtanmatra

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| Vikar (creation)

| Vikar (creation)

| [[Pancha mahabhuta|Panchamahabhoota]] (Five fundamental elements)<br/>Panchajnanendrya (Five sense organs)<br/>Panchakarmendriya (five motor organs)<br/>[[Manas|Mind (mana)]]

| [[Pancha mahabhuta|Panchamahabhoota]] (five fundamental elements)<br/>[[Panchajnanendriya]] (five sense organs)<br/>[[Panchakarmendriya]] (five motor organs)<br/>[[Manas|Mind (mana)]]

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According to Sankhyas at the initial stage the two original eternal principles are mula [[prakriti]] or [[Avyakta|avyakta]] (principal origin) and [[Purusha|purusha]].<br/>[[Prakriti|Prakriti]] is the original state with balanced state of [[Triguna|triguna]], everything is in a mass and one thing cannot be distinguished from one another. [[Prakriti|Prakriti]] with the help of [[Purusha|purusha]] causes the creation. <ref>Dr.D.L. Chary, A Textbook of PadarthaVijnanaEvumAyurvedItihasa,Chaukhamba Sanskrit Pratishthan,Delhi,2017, P.74.</ref><br/>

According to Sankhyas at the initial stage the two original eternal principles are mula [[prakriti]] or [[Avyakta|avyakta]] (principal origin) and [[Purusha|purusha]].<br/>[[Prakriti|Prakriti]] is the original state with balanced state of [[Triguna|triguna]], everything is in a mass and one thing cannot be distinguished from one another. [[Prakriti|Prakriti]] with the help of [[Purusha|purusha]] causes the creation. <ref>Dr.D.L. Chary, A Textbook of Padartha Vijnana Evum Ayurved Itihasa, Chaukhamba Sanskrit Pratishthan,Delhi,2017, P.74.</ref><br/>

The next principle mahat (cosmic intellect) gets originated from [[Avyakta|avyakta]], and this further originates ahankara (ego/ self sense of cosmos). The ahankara is of three types.

The next principle [[mahat]] (cosmic intellect) gets originated from [[Avyakta|avyakta]], and this further originates [[ahankara]] (ego/ self sense of cosmos). The [[ahankara]] is of three types.

# Sattvika: Ahankara with dominance of [[Sattva|sattva]], also known as vaikarika.

# Sattvika: [[Ahankara]] with dominance of [[Sattva|sattva]], also known as vaikarika.

# Rajasika: Ahankara with dominance of [[Rajas|rajas]], also known as tejas.

# Rajasika: [[Ahankara]] with dominance of [[Rajas|rajas]], also known as tejas.

# Tamasika: Ahankara with dominance of [[Tamas|tamas]], also known as bhutadi.

# Tamasika: [[Ahankara]] with dominance of [[Tamas|tamas]], also known as bhutadi.

The tanmatras originate from tamas ahankara with the help of [[Rajas|rajas]] ahankara. These tanmatras are subtle structures considered as ‘avishesha’ and are the sources of [[Pancha mahabhuta|panchamahabhuta (five basic elements)]]. The [[Pancha mahabhuta|panchamahabhuta]] are macroscopic structures and categorized as vikara (creations). Eleven [[Indriya|indriyas]] originate from sattvika ahankara with help of rajasika ahankara. Tanmatras are principles/ elements with dual nature (i.e. creator and creations) originated from [[Tamas|tamas]] and [[Rajas|rajas]] ahankara. These tanmatras create gross elements.</div>

The tanmatras originate from tamas ahankara with the help of [[Rajas|rajas]] ahankara. These tanmatras are subtle structures considered as ‘avishesha’ and are the sources of [[Pancha mahabhuta|panchamahabhuta (five basic elements)]]. The [[Pancha mahabhuta|panchamahabhuta]] are macroscopic structures and categorized as vikara (creations). Eleven [[Indriya|indriyas]] originate from sattvika [[ahankara]] with help of rajasika [[ahankara]]. Tanmatras are principles/ elements with dual nature (i.e. creator and creations) originated from [[Tamas|tamas]] and [[Rajas|rajas]] ahankara. These tanmatras create gross elements.</div>

== Vedant philosophy ==

== Vedant philosophy ==

== Future scope of research ==

== Future scope of research ==

<div style='text-align:justify;'>The relationship of tanmatra with elements in modern physics needs to be investigated for better understanding.</div>

<div style='text-align:justify;'>The relationship of tanmatra with elements in modern physics needs to be investigated for better understanding.</div>

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