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no edit summary
| Ischial tuberosity
| Ischial tuberosity
|-
|-
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| 3
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| Nitamba 2
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| Posterior covering part of pelvis below to lumber region.
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| Atrophy in lower extremity, weakness and death.
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| Ala of ileum
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| 4
| Parshvasandhi 2
| In the lateral of pelvis obliquity upward on hip bone
| Death due to internal bleeding (in pelvis)
| Common iliac vessels
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| 5
| Bruhati 2
| Either side of vertebral Colom at the level of Stanamoola
| Blood loss, fainting and death
| Subscapular and transverse cervical arteries
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| 6
| Ansaphalak 2
| Either side of vertebral Colom in the upper part of back (scapular region)
| Atrophy of upper limb
| Spine of scapula
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|-
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| 7
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| Ansa 2
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| Proximal to upper limb, in the root of neck near acromion
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| Frozen shoulder
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| Coraco-humeral & Glino-humeral ligaments
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|-
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|
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| '''Urdhva jatru marmani- 37 (Head & neck)'''
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|
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|-
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| 1
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| Dhamani 4
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| 4 tubular structures on either side of trachea
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| Harshness of voice, loss of taste
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| Recurrent laryngeal nerve and glossopharyngeal nerve
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|-
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| 2
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| Matruka 8
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| On either side of neck
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| Immediate death
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| Blood vessels of neck
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|-
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| 3
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| Krukatika 2
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| At the junction of head & neck
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| Continue movement of head
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| Atlanto-occipital joint
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|-
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| 4
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| Vidhura 2
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| Below & behind the ear
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| Deafness
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| Posterior auricular vessels
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|-
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| 5
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| Fana 2
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| Internally on either side of nose near the opening of auditory tube
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| Loss of olfaction
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| Olfactory region of nose
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|-
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| 6
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| Apanga 2
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| Lateral end of eyebrow
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| Blindness or diminish vision
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| Zygomatic temporal vessels
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|-
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| 7
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| Avarta 2
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| Just above the eyebrow
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| Blindness or diminish vision
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| Junction of frontal malar and sphenoid bone
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|-
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| 8
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| Utkshepa 2
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| Above the temporal region at the margin of hairs
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| Patient dies due to forceful removal of foreign body, if not he may survive. If the foreign body removes automatically after purulence, the person can survive.
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| Temporalis muscle & fascia
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|-
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| 9
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| Shankha 2
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| Above the eyebrow in between ear and forehead
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| Immediate death
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| Temporal bone
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|-
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| 10
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| Sthapani
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| In between the eyebrows
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| Patient dies due to forceful removal of foreign body, if not he may survive. If the foreign body removes automatically after purulence, the person can survive.
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| Frontal air sinus
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|-
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| 11
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| Simanta 5
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| Cranial sutures
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| Mental retardation, fear, fainting
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| Cranial sutures
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|-
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| 12
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| Shrungataka 4
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| At the junction of vessels supplying nose, ear, eyes, tongue.
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| Immediate death
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| Cavernous sinus or circle of Willis.
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|-
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| 13
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| Adhipati
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| On the top of head, in the anastomosis of vessels,
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| Immediate death
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| Torcular herophilia
|-
|-
|}
|}
13
Adhipati
On the top of head, in the anastomosis of vessels,
Immediate death
Torcular herophilia
== Current status of Marma practices ==
<div style='text-align:justify;'>
Manipulating or stimulating marma points in managing diseases is called ‘Marma Chikitsa (Marma therapy)’. In the Southern part of India, some traditional practitioners have developed specific therapies based on vital points different from ayurvedic classics. In Kerala, the knowledge of Marma is preserved in the form of ‘Kalaripayattu’. Practitioners of Kalaripayattu employ the knowledge of marma for self-defence techniques & healing purposes.
According to the practitioner of Siddha medicine, there are total 108 such vital points in human body. Manipulating or stimulating marma points in the management of diseases is called ‘Marma Chikitsa (Marma therapy)’ and it is an inherent power of humans to heal itself through these points. Through stimulation of marma by various means and methods, the prana (vital energy) existing in it may be directed to remove blockages (even in remotely connected areas) and stimulate energy flow, thus resulting in a state of healthy body, mind and spirit. A judicious application of pressure on appropriate marma can restore the normal functioning of prana (in affected body parts) where as their improper manipulation may cause severe pain, disability, deformity and even death.
There are 12 methods of varmam application as we have seen earlier. All these methods can be executed on varmam point. The Siddhas had propounded that the application of these 12 techniques on a single point is capable of curing 48 different diseases.
This therapy is able to remove blocks in energy channels (srotas), pacify dosha bringing it to the normal path (especially vyana vayu, which controls the autonomic nervous system), creates physical, mental, and emotional flexibility, and create an opportunity to experience powerful and dynamic transformation at a physical, mental, emotional and spiritual level by building a positive link with the subconscious mind.
</div>
== Advantages of marma knowledge in modern surgery ==
<div style='text-align:justify;'>
Marma is one of the unique and vital topics discussed in Ayurveda. It plays an essential role in surgery. Hence it is called Shalya Vishayardha (half knowledge of surgery). Unless one has not obtained proper knowledge of vital parts of body, he/she will not be a good surgeon. While performing the surgeries on upper and lower limb surgeon should know the Urvi, Bahavi, Aani, Indrabasti Marmas etc. Because major blood vessels pass through these areas, injury to these vessels during surgery can cause severe blood loss. Similarly, injury to Gulfa, Janu, Kurpara, Manibandha, causes trauma to any one or more ligaments of joint leads to severe pain and disability. During the surgeries on cubital or popliteal fossa, the surgeon should know the position of blood vessels and nerves; otherwise the patient will be in severe complications. So to avoid complications and get the desired outcome surgeon should have proper knowledge of marma sharira.
</div>
== Future scope of research ==
<div style='text-align:justify;'>
The wide scope of research is seen in ‘Marma Chikitsa' developed in the southern part of India. One can manage or treat certain orthopaedic, muscular or neurological disorders with the help of gentle movement, clenching the varmam point, mild tapping, gentle stroking, pressing point with a single finger. By applying this therapy, one may avoid surgery and its further complications.
</div>
== References ==
== References ==