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== General causative factors of diseases of head ==
== General causative factors of diseases of head ==
<p style="text-align:justify;">The general causative factors of shiroroga are suppression of natural urges, day sleep, insomnia, intoxication, talking too loudly, exposure to frost, exposure to wind from the front, excessive indulgence in sexual activity, inhalation of unwholesome smell, exposure to dust, smoke, cold and sun; over eating of heavy, sour, and green food, use of very cold water, trauma to the head, formation of products of improper digestion and metabolism in the body (i.e. ama), excessive weeping or suppression of tears, cloudy weather, irritation of mind and anomalous climate.. These factors provoke or vitiate vata, affecting rakta in the head leading to shiroroga with various symptoms. [Cha. Sa. Sutra Sthana 17/8-11]</p>
<p style="text-align:justify;">The general causative factors of shiroroga are suppression of natural urges, day sleep, insomnia, intoxication, talking too loudly, exposure to frost, exposure to wind from the front, excessive indulgence in sexual activity, inhalation of unwholesome smell, exposure to dust, smoke, cold and sun; over eating of heavy, sour, and green food, use of very cold water, trauma to the head, formation of products of improper digestion and metabolism in the body (i.e. ama), excessive weeping or suppression of tears, cloudy weather, irritation of mind and anomalous climate.. These factors provoke or vitiate vata, affecting rakta in the head leading to shiroroga with various symptoms. [Cha. Sa. Sutra Sthana 17/8-11]</p>
== Classification of diseases in shiras (shiro roga) ==
<p style="text-align:justify;">The diseases in head region are classified based on the dominance of vitiated dosha. Acharya Charak in Sutra Sthana mentioned principally 5 types of shiro roga [Cha. Sa. Sutra Sthana 19/3] and well explained the same in Chikitsa sthana.[Cha. Sa. Chikitsa Sthana 26/118]</p>
<ol style="text-align:justify;"><li style="font-weight: bold;">Vataja shiroroga<span style="font-weight: normal;"><br/>Indulgence in loud speech, excessive talk, strong drinks, keeping awake till late at night, exposure to cold wind, excessive sexual acts, suppression of natural physical urges, fasting, trauma, excessive/strong vamana or virechana, excessive weeping, grief, fear, terror and severe emaciation leads to the provocation of vata which by affecting the vessels of the head gets further provoked and produces severe pain in head. The vata-dominant diseases in the head are characterized by intense pain in the temple region, mid of eyebrows, pain in the forehead, dizziness, and stiffness in the neck region. Use of hot and unctuous things provides relief in vata type of headache. [Cha. Sa. Sutra Sthana 17/19-21]<br/>Primary treatment includes abhyanga [anointing with oil], swedana [steam therapy], nasya [oil instillation through nostrils], diet management and, poultice application. [Cha. Sa. Chikitsa Sthana 26/158]</span></li>
<li style="font-weight: bold;">Pittaja shiroroga<span style="font-weight: normal;"><br/>Excessive use of pungent, sour, salty, and alkali substances and wine, exposure to sun (or heat), and anger lead to the provocation of pitta, which by lodging in the head, produces pitta-dominant diseases of the head. The pitta dominant diseases in the head are characterized by a burning sensation overhead region, headache, burning sensation in the eyes, and excessive perspiration. [Cha. Sa. Sutra Sthana 17/22-23]<br/>Primary treatment includes aspect – intake of medicated ghee, milk etc. and application of poultices, herbal ointments/ pastes, nasya with ghee. [Cha. Sa. Chikitsa Sthana 26/176]</span></li>
<li style="font-weight: bold;">Kaphaja shiro roga<span style="font-weight: normal;"><br/>Due to sedentary lifestyle, excessive sleep, indulgence in heavy and unctuous meals, or excessive food intake, kapha gets provoked in the head and produces kaphaj shiro roga. The kapha-dominant diseases in the head are characterized by constant dull headache, heaviness of the head, stiffness, extreme laziness, and loss of appetite. [Cha. Sa. Sutra Sthana 17/24-25]Primary treatment includes dhumapana [medicated smoke], diet management which reduces kapha dosha, basti karma, administration of old preserved medicated ghee, agni karma [cauterization method].[Cha. Sa. Chikitsa Sthana 26/180]</span></li>
<li style="font-weight: bold;">Tridoshaja shiro roga<span style="font-weight: normal;"><br/>The diseases with vitiation of three dosha in head are characterized by headache, tremors, burning sensation, excessive thirst. [Cha. Sa. Sutra Sthana 17/26] Primary treatment includes all the above management principles applied accordingly and intake of purana ghruta. [Su. Sa. Uttartantra 26/24]</span></li>
<li style="font-weight: bold;">Krimija shiroroga<span style="font-weight: normal;"><br/>When a person with provoked dosha indulges in excessive intake of sesame, milk, molasses, takes meals even when previous meal has not properly digested, eats putrefied or promiscuous food, and/or takes incompatible diet - it causes pathological discharges of rakta, kapha and mamsa, wherein parasites are produced, leading to krimija shiroroga with dreadful symptoms and feels as if, the patient suffers from piercing, cutting or aching pains in the head with itching, swelling, foul smell and detectable parasites. [Cha. Sa. Sutra Sthana 17/27-29] Primary treatment includes removal of the worms/micro-organisms by strong medicated nasya [instillation of oil, liquid, powders etc through nostrils] and medicines to counteract them.[Su. Sa. Uttartantra 26/28]</span></li></ol>
== Other diseases ==