Changes

The drugs usable for fumigation include Hordeum vulgare (yava), Brassica juncea (sarshapa), Linum usitatissimum (atasi), Ferula asafetida (hingu), Commiphora mukul (guggulu,), Acorus calamus (vacha), Angelica glauca (choraka), Bacopa monnieri (brahmi), Nardostachos jatamamsi (Jatamamsi),  Saraca asoca (ashoka), Picrorhiza kurroa (rohini), and slough of snake mixed with ghee. [Cha. Sa. [[Sharira Sthana]] 8/61]

The drugs usable for fumigation include Hordeum vulgare (yava), Brassica juncea (sarshapa), Linum usitatissimum (atasi), Ferula asafetida (hingu), Commiphora mukul (guggulu,), Acorus calamus (vacha), Angelica glauca (choraka), Bacopa monnieri (brahmi), Nardostachos jatamamsi (Jatamamsi),  Saraca asoca (ashoka), Picrorhiza kurroa (rohini), and slough of snake mixed with ghee. [Cha. Sa. [[Sharira Sthana]] 8/61]

The drugs that are mentioned for fumigation and preventing infection have antimicrobial action (especially against Staphylococcus aureus) in vitro.  

The drugs that are mentioned for fumigation and preventing infection have antimicrobial action (especially against Staphylococcus aureus) in vitro.<ref>Manita Ahlawat et.al., In-vitro Evaluation of Antimicrobial Activity of Dhupana Drugs on Staphylococcus aureus, International Journal of Ayurvedic Medicine, 2019, 10(3), 289-292</ref>

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=== Wearing of amulets ===

=== Wearing of amulets ===

Amulets made from pearls and other jewels end of right horns of rhinoceros, deer, or bull, drugs which have the property of promoting the growth of the child (prajasthapana).eg- Bacopa monnieri (aindri) are advised to be worn. [Cha. Sa. [[Sharira Sthana]] 8/62]  

Amulets made from pearls and other jewels end of right horns of rhinoceros, deer, or bull, drugs which have the property of promoting the growth of the child (prajasthapana).eg- Bacopa monnieri (aindri) are advised to be worn. [Cha. Sa. [[Sharira Sthana]] 8/62]  

Any scientific explanation regarding the action of talismans and amulets is not available. Even though it has been made an object of study in various research works. It is considered to be an element indicating emotional and psychological support. The concept of evil eye and measures to fend it off are prevalent in various forms all over the globe.  Even these spiritual tools shall be used with caution as they are also not completely free from adverse reactions, for instance some amulets have been identified to be potential chemical toxins (especially lead).  

Any scientific explanation regarding the action of talismans and amulets is not available. Even though it has been made an object of study in various research works. It is considered to be an element indicating emotional and psychological support. The concept of evil eye and measures to fend it off are prevalent in various forms all over the globe.  Even these spiritual tools shall be used with caution as they are also not completely free from adverse reactions, for instance some amulets have been identified to be potential chemical toxins (especially lead).<ref>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Lead poisoning of a child associated with use of a Cambodian Amulet --- New York City, 2009. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2011 Jan 28;60(3):69-71. PMID: 21270744.</ref>

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===Recommendations for selection of toys===

===Recommendations for selection of toys===

Toys for the baby must be diverse, sound-producing, attractive, light, devoid of sharp edges, non-swallowable, non-dangerous, non-frightening. [Cha. Sa. Sharira Sthana 8/63]  

Toys for the baby must be diverse, sound-producing, attractive, light, devoid of sharp edges, non-swallowable, non-dangerous, non-frightening. [Cha. Sa. Sharira Sthana 8/63]  

In those times, if the physical attributes of the toys were the primary area of concern, today, chemical aspects also are to be taken care. Phthalates, lead, and cadmium used in soft plastic or PVC toys, button batteries, and several other chemicals have posed dangerous threats to children. Cancer, kidney and reproductive dysfunction, and intellectual disabilities are the major diseases associated with these chemicals.  Most countries have safety regulations for toys. The toys also play a pivotal role in the child's development in all domains of creativity, intellect, problem-solving ability, and social behavior. Toys are to be judiciously selected, specifically according to the need of the child.  

In those times, if the physical attributes of the toys were the primary area of concern, today, chemical aspects also are to be taken care. Phthalates, lead, and cadmium used in soft plastic or PVC toys, button batteries, and several other chemicals have posed dangerous threats to children. Cancer, kidney and reproductive dysfunction, and intellectual disabilities are the major diseases associated with these chemicals.<ref>Pandve, Harshal T. “Selecting the Right Toys for Your child is Not a Child's Play.” Indian journal of community medicine : official publication of Indian Association of Preventive & Social Medicine vol. 35,2 (2010): 367-8. doi:10.4103/0970-0218.66867</ref> Most countries have safety regulations for toys. The toys also play a pivotal role in the child's development in all domains of creativity, intellect, problem-solving ability, and social behavior. Toys are to be judiciously selected, specifically according to the need of the child.  

According to the utility, toys are of five categories:

According to the utility, toys are of five categories:

v. Gross motor (Tricycles, push and pull toys, large toy cars, etc.)

v. Gross motor (Tricycles, push and pull toys, large toy cars, etc.)

It is also important that the toys improve the interactions between the child and his caregivers, peers, and parents. Obesity, aggression, and poor social interactions are often observed as consequences of excessive indulgence in electronic toys and games).  

It is also important that the toys improve the interactions between the child and his caregivers, peers, and parents. Obesity, aggression, and poor social interactions are often observed as consequences of excessive indulgence in electronic toys and games).<ref>Aleeya Healey, Alan Mendelsohn, Selecting Appropriate Toys for Young Children in the Digital Era, COUNCIL ON EARLY CHILDHOOD, Pediatrics Jan 2019, 143 (1) e20183348; DOI: 10.1542/peds.2018-3348</ref>

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==Approach to an unhealthy newborn==

==Approach to an unhealthy newborn==

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