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| |title=Ayurveda | | |title=Ayurveda |
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− | |keywords=Ayurveda, Ayurveda meaning, Ayurveda definition, Ayu, Benefits of Ayurveda, Eight specialties of Ayurveda, Indian system of medicine, medicine, health, healthcare, health systems, education, researches in Ayurveda, clinical efficacy of Ayurveda, safety of Ayurveda, | + | |keywords=Ayurveda, Ayurveda meaning, Ayurveda definition, Ayu, Benefits of Ayurveda, Eight specialties of Ayurveda, Indian system of medicine, medicine, health, healthcare, health systems, education, researches in Ayurveda, clinical efficacy of Ayurveda, safety of Ayurveda, happy life, healthy life, herbal medicine, herbo mineral medicine, authentic page of ayurveda, encyclopedia of ayurveda, wikipedia ayurveda, charak samhita, caraka samhita, carak samhita, charaka samhita , alternative medicine |
− | |description=Ayurveda literally means "Knowledge of life" or "Science of life" | + | |description=Ayurveda means "Knowledge of life" or "Science of life" |
− | |image=http://www.carakasamhitaonline.com/mediawiki-1.32.1/resources/assets/ogimgs.jpg | + | |image=http://www.carakasamhitaonline.com/resources/assets/ogimgs.jpg |
| |image_alt=carak samhita | | |image_alt=carak samhita |
| |type=article | | |type=article |
| }} | | }} |
− | <div style="text-align:justify;">
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− | Ayurveda literally means "Science of life" <ref name="WHO benchmarks">Official document by World Health Organization on Benchmarks for training Ayurveda available from https://www.who.int/medicines/areas/traditional/BenchmarksforTraininginAyurveda.pdf accessed on 30/05/2020</ref> or "Knowledge of life". This life-care, healthcare and disease care system deals with good, bad, blissful and sorrowful life. It describes the beneficial and harmful factors for life. [[Deerghanjiviteeya Adhyaya#Definition of Ayurveda|[Cha.Sa. Sutra Sthana 1/41] ]] Ayurveda deals with guidelines for preservation, protection of health and prevention of disease. It is not merely a system of medicine, rather it is a way of life to increase lifespan by preventing or delaying the aging process. <ref>Sharma H., Chandola H.M., Singh G., Basisht G. Utilization of Ayurveda in health care: an approach for prevention, health promotion, and treatment of disease. Part 1 – Ayurveda in primary health care. J Altern Complement Med. 2007;13(9):1011–1019.</ref> | + | Ayurveda literally means "Science of life"<ref name="WHO benchmarks">Official document by World Health Organization on Benchmarks for training Ayurveda available from https://www.who.int/medicines/areas/traditional/BenchmarksforTraininginAyurveda.pdf accessed on 30/05/2020</ref> or "Knowledge of life". This life-care, healthcare and disease care system deals with good, bad, blissful and sorrowful life. It describes the beneficial and harmful factors for life. [[Deerghanjiviteeya Adhyaya#Definition of Ayurveda|[Cha.Sa. Sutra Sthana 1/41] ]] Ayurveda deals with guidelines for preservation, protection of health and prevention of disease. It is not merely a system of medicine, rather it is a way of life to increase lifespan by preventing or delaying the aging process. <ref>Sharma H., Chandola H.M., Singh G., Basisht G. Utilization of Ayurveda in health care: an approach for prevention, health promotion, and treatment of disease. Part 1 – Ayurveda in primary health care. J Altern Complement Med. 2007;13(9):1011–1019.</ref> |
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| |title = Contributors | | |title = Contributors |
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− | |label1 = Section/Chapter | + | |label1 = Section / Article |
− | |data1 = [[Ayurveda]] / [[Ayurveda]] | + | |data1 = [[Monographs|Concepts & Practices]] / [[Ayurveda]] |
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| |label2 = Authors | | |label2 = Authors |
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| |label5 = Correspondence email: | | |label5 = Correspondence email: |
| |data5 = carakasamhita@gmail.com | | |data5 = carakasamhita@gmail.com |
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| |label6 = Date of publication: | | |label6 = Date of publication: |
| |data6 = 24 September 2020 | | |data6 = 24 September 2020 |
− | | + | |label7 = DOI |
− | |label6 = DOI | + | |data7 = [https://doi.org/10.47468/CSNE.2020.e01.s09.029 10.47468/CSNE.2020.e01.s09.029] |
− | |data6 = -- | |
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| <div style="text-align:justify;"> | | <div style="text-align:justify;"> |
| Ayurvedic definition of health described by Sushruta clearly states what health is with five components.[Su.Sa. Sutra Sthana 15/48] <ref>Sushruta. Sushruta Samhita. Edited by Jadavaji Trikamji Aacharya. 8th ed. Varanasi: Chaukhambha Orientalia;2005.</ref> These five components need to be in a state of equilibrium to attain and preserve health. Their disequilibrium is precursor to disease. Each component can be identified clinically by an Ayurvedic physician to act upon and are described as follows: | | Ayurvedic definition of health described by Sushruta clearly states what health is with five components.[Su.Sa. Sutra Sthana 15/48] <ref>Sushruta. Sushruta Samhita. Edited by Jadavaji Trikamji Aacharya. 8th ed. Varanasi: Chaukhambha Orientalia;2005.</ref> These five components need to be in a state of equilibrium to attain and preserve health. Their disequilibrium is precursor to disease. Each component can be identified clinically by an Ayurvedic physician to act upon and are described as follows: |
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− | *Three [[dosha]] (interaction between epigenes and genes)- [[vata]], [[pitta]], and [[kapha]] - are the fundamental physiological governing regulators of the body,
| + | #Three [[dosha]] (interaction between epigenes and genes)- [[vata]], [[pitta]], and [[kapha]] - are the fundamental physiological governing regulators of the body, |
− | *[[Agni]] (metabolic and digestive processes by various enzymes and interaction with microsomes)
| + | #[[Agni]] (metabolic and digestive processes by various enzymes and interaction with microsomes) |
− | *[[Dhatu]] (principles that uphold the formation of body tissues).
| + | #[[Dhatu]] (principles that uphold the formation of body tissues). |
− | *[[Mala]] or bodily wastes produced that are either reutilized or excreted well, and
| + | #[[Mala]] or bodily wastes produced that are either reutilized or excreted well, and |
− | *The sense organs, mind and the Soul
| + | #The [[indriya]] (sense organs), [[mana]] (mind) and [[atma]] (soul) |
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| <div style="text-align:justify;"> | | <div style="text-align:justify;"> |
| In addition, Ayurveda also emphasizes on normal physique, sensory-motor functions, appetite, thirst, endurance to heat, cold and exertion for assessment of status of health. [[Ashtauninditiya_Adhyaya#The_importance_of_ideal_body_proportion|[Cha.Sa.Sutra Sthana 21/18-19]]] | | In addition, Ayurveda also emphasizes on normal physique, sensory-motor functions, appetite, thirst, endurance to heat, cold and exertion for assessment of status of health. [[Ashtauninditiya_Adhyaya#The_importance_of_ideal_body_proportion|[Cha.Sa.Sutra Sthana 21/18-19]]] |
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| At present, Ayurveda is taught as an under-graduate medical course governed by [https://www.ccimindia.org/| Central Council of Indian Medicine] under [https://www.ayush.gov.in/ Ministry of AYUSH, Government of India]. There are 339 colleges to conduct Bachelor of Ayurveda Medicine and Surgery (B.A.M.S.) course in India. Various international institutes conduct post graduate courses for specialization and Ph.D. programs for research in fourteen departments of Ayurveda. Some of the renowned institutes are enlisted below : | | At present, Ayurveda is taught as an under-graduate medical course governed by [https://www.ccimindia.org/| Central Council of Indian Medicine] under [https://www.ayush.gov.in/ Ministry of AYUSH, Government of India]. There are 339 colleges to conduct Bachelor of Ayurveda Medicine and Surgery (B.A.M.S.) course in India. Various international institutes conduct post graduate courses for specialization and Ph.D. programs for research in fourteen departments of Ayurveda. Some of the renowned institutes are enlisted below : |
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− | #[http://www.ayurveduniversity.edu.in/| Institute for Post Graduate Teaching and Research in Ayurveda], [http://www.ayurveduniversity.edu.in/| Gujarat Ayurved University, Jamnagar,India] | + | #[http://www.ayurveduniversity.edu.in/| Institute for Teaching and Research in Ayurveda], [http://www.ayurveduniversity.edu.in/| Gujarat Ayurved University, Jamnagar, India] |
| #[http://www.nia.nic.in/| National Institute of Ayurveda, Jaipur,India] | | #[http://www.nia.nic.in/| National Institute of Ayurveda, Jaipur,India] |
| #[http://www.bhu.ac.in/| Faculty of Ayurveda, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India] | | #[http://www.bhu.ac.in/| Faculty of Ayurveda, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India] |
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| <div style="text-align:justify;"> | | <div style="text-align:justify;"> |
− | The compendiums [[Charak Samhita]], [http://niimh.nic.in/ebooks/esushruta/index.php| Sushruta Samhita] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vagbhata|Ashtanga Hridayam] are three major [[Samhita]](compendiums) of Ayurveda. | + | The compendiums [[Charak Samhita]], [http://niimh.nic.in/ebooks/esushruta/index.php| Sushruta Samhita] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vagbhata| Ashtanga Hridayam] are three major [[Samhita]](compendiums) of Ayurveda. |
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| The Madhav Nidana, Bhavaprakash and Sharangadhara Samhita are followed as three other important texts. The texts are published online by National Institute of Indian Medical Heritage, Hyderabad, India.<ref> Available from http://niimh.nic.in/ accessed on May 01, 2019 </ref> | | The Madhav Nidana, Bhavaprakash and Sharangadhara Samhita are followed as three other important texts. The texts are published online by National Institute of Indian Medical Heritage, Hyderabad, India.<ref> Available from http://niimh.nic.in/ accessed on May 01, 2019 </ref> |
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| <div style="text-align:justify;"> | | <div style="text-align:justify;"> |
− | In India, research in Ayurveda is undertaken by the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ministry_of_AYUSH| Ministry of AYUSH], through a national network of research institutes.<ref> Available from Official website of Central Council of Research in Ayurvedic Sciences [http://ccras.nic.in/] accessed on April 05, 2019 </ref>. Peer reviewed journals like [http://www.ayujournal.org| AYU] and [http://www.ancientscienceoflife.org| Ancient Science of life] publish research articles on various topics of Ayurveda. The database like [http://ayushportal.nic.in| AYUSH research portal] and [http://www.dharaonline.org| Digital Helpline for Ayurveda Research Articles (DHARA)] are available for searching more than 10000 research articles published on Ayurveda. A [https://www.researches-in-Ayurveda.co.in/ directory for researches in Ayurveda] comprising more than 20000 research titles and 1000 complete post graduate theses on Ayurveda is published online. | + | In India, research in Ayurveda is undertaken by the [https://www.ayush.gov.in/ Ministry of AYUSH], through a national network of research institutes.<ref> Available from Official website of Central Council of Research in Ayurvedic Sciences [http://ccras.nic.in/] accessed on April 05, 2019 </ref>. Following peer reviewed journals publish good quality researches in Ayurveda. |
| + | |
| + | * [https://www.ayujournal.org/ AYU] |
| + | * [http://jaim.in/ Journal of Ayurveda and Integrative medicine] |
| + | * [http://www.journayu.in/ Journal of Ayurveda] |
| + | * [https://aiia.gov.in/institute-publications/journal-of-ayurveda-case-reports/ Journal of Ayurveda Case Reports] |
| + | * [http://www.ancientscienceoflife.org/ Ancient Science of life] |
| + | |
| + | The database like [http://ayushportal.nic.in/ AYUSH research portal] and [http://www.dharaonline.org/ Digital Helpline for Ayurveda Research Articles (DHARA)] are available for searching more than 10000 research articles published on Ayurveda. A [https://www.researches-in-Ayurveda.co.in/ directory for researches in Ayurveda] comprising more than 20000 research titles and 1000 complete post graduate theses on Ayurveda is published online. |
| </div> | | </div> |
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| </div> | | </div> |
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− | == Related articles == | + | == Safety and pharmacovigilance of Ayurveda medicines== |
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| + | Ayurveda emphasizes judicious use of any herb, medicine or therapy only after proper analysis of status of individual (rogi bala pariksha), intensity and condition of disease (vyadhi bala and awastha). Personalized medicine as per suitability of the individual shall be prescribed after complete therapeutic knowledge of medicine. Ayurveda strongly denounces haphazard use of any medicine.[[Deerghanjiviteeya_Adhyaya#Importance_of_complete_knowledge_of_therapeutic_actions_of_plants|[Cha. Sa. Sutra Sthana 1/122-135]]] Any drug/management/procedure which, when administered, produces any untoward effect other than expected beneficial action is not considered a perfect treatment.<ref>Goyal M. Pharmacovigilance: An ayurvedic viewpoint. AYU [serial online] 2018 [cited 2020 Sep 25];39:197-8. Available from: http://www.ayujournal.org/text.asp?2018/39/4/197/262161</ref> Considering the need of documentation of adverse effects<ref>Thatte U, Bhalerao S. Pharmacovigilance of ayurvedic medicines in India. Indian J Pharmacol. 2008;40(Suppl 1):S10-S12.</ref> due to imperfect treatment, pharmacovigilance program of Ayurveda medicines and therapies is started. <ref> Galib, Acharya RN. National Pharmacovigilance Programme for Ayurveda, Siddha and Unani Drugs. AYU [serial online] 2008 [cited 2020 Sep 25];29:195-200. Available from: http://www.ayujournal.org/article.asp?issn=0974-8520;year=2008;volume=29;issue=4;spage=195;epage=200;aulast=Galib,;type=0</ref> |
| + | |
| + | ==Related articles== |
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| [[Charak Samhita]], [[Panchakarma]] | | [[Charak Samhita]], [[Panchakarma]] |
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− | == External links== | + | ==External links== |
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| *National Institute of Indian Medical Heritage [http://niimh.nic.in/] | | *National Institute of Indian Medical Heritage [http://niimh.nic.in/] |
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| ==References== | | ==References== |
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