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Out of these six categories, ''dravya, guna'' and ''karma'' truly exist. ''Samanya, vishesha'' and ''samavaya'' do not exist in the physical world. They exist in a metaphysical sense.

Out of these six categories, ''dravya, guna'' and ''karma'' truly exist. ''Samanya, vishesha'' and ''samavaya'' do not exist in the physical world. They exist in a metaphysical sense.

==== Definition of Ayurveda ====

==== Definition of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayurveda Ayurveda] ====

Here four types of ayu(life) are mentioned. Happy and unhappy life are more related to personal happiness or unhappiness. But there is good or righteous life and bad or sinful life also, where the person affects the harmony between his self and his surrounding. His/her acts do not impact just him or her, as an individual, but the society at large as well. There is a karmic consideration of one’s actions that could impact one’s life after death as well. Details of these are described in [[Sutra Sthana]], Chapter 30. Ayurveda describes factors beneficial and non beneficial for all these four types of life. Ayurveda also describes ayu pramana (the span of life). This is described in two ways. In the 8th chapter of [[Sutra Sthana]], guidelines to understand signs to predict longevity in new born babies are described. Methods like dashavidha pareeksha (ten point examination) also help in understanding the life span of a person. On the other hand, the section [[Indriya Sthana]] helps to predict or understand the circumstances leading to the death of a person in near future, i.e. when the life span comes to an end. Ayurveda also describes about ayu itself i.e. definition and understanding about what is Ayu(life).  

Here four types of ''ayu''(life) are mentioned. Happy and unhappy life are more related to personal happiness or unhappiness. But there is good or righteous life and bad or sinful life also, where the person affects the harmony between his self and his surrounding. His/her acts do not impact just him or her, as an individual, but the society at large as well. There is a ''karmic'' consideration of one’s actions that could impact one’s life after death as well. Details of these are described in [[Sutra Sthana]], Chapter 30. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayurveda Ayurveda] describes factors beneficial and non beneficial for all these four types of life. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayurveda Ayurveda] also describes ''ayu pramana'' (the span of life). This is described in two ways. In the 8th chapter of [[Sutra Sthana]], guidelines to understand signs to predict longevity in new born babies are described. Methods like ''dashavidha pareeksha'' (ten point examination) also help in understanding the life span of a person. On the other hand, the section [[Indriya Sthana]] helps to predict or understand the circumstances leading to the death of a person in near future, i.e. when the life span comes to an end. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayurveda Ayurveda] also describes about ''ayu'' itself i.e. definition and understanding about what is ''Ayu''(life).  

==== Definition of Ayu [Life] and its synonyms ====

==== Definition of ''Ayu'' and its synonyms ====

Ayurveda discusses about ‘Ayu’ which is conjugation of four factors, and life is not just about the body or like a machine. Besides body it also consists of indriya (sense organs), mana(mind) and atma(soul). Not just mechanical functions, but the living body consists of dynamic processes with sensations, feelings and intelligence, memory etc. in each of it’s functional units termed as paramanu (cell). The knowledge of ayu is explained by keeping such a living body in view.

Ayurveda discusses about ''Ayu'' which is conjugation of four factors, and life is not just about the body or like a machine. Besides body it also consists of ''indriya'' (sense organs), ''mana''(mind) and ''atma''(soul). Not just mechanical functions, but the living body consists of dynamic processes with sensations, feelings and intelligence, memory etc. in each of it’s functional units termed as ''paramanu'' (cell). The knowledge of ''ayu'' is explained by keeping such a living body in view.

    

    

Ayurveda accepts separate existence of indriya (sense organs). Indriya are made up of the five mahabhutas. Each indriya is composed of portions of all five mahabhutas, with predominance of one of them. Accepting separate existence of indriya and understanding their composition as made up of mahabhutas is a significant concept philosophically, and also having important practical applications. Each indriya operates with the help of certain organs and structures called as adhishthana (substratum). E.g. eyes, specially retina, optic nerve and the centre for vision in the brain, all can be termed as adhishthana. There is separate existence of indriya, which is very subtle and therefore invisible. Since all these are made up of mahabhutas, with specific diet and specific medicines they can be treated. This is because food and medicines(drugs) are also made up of mahabhutas. Subtle portion from food nourishes indriyas, and medicines can influence and regularise their functions. One can realise, that even the conditions pertaining to adhishthana like optic nerve degeneration are very much difficult to treat, so one can imagine about the conditions related to indriya. But with acceptance of indriya and understanding their composition by mahabhutas provides scope to treat conditions not only pertaining to adhishthana, but also indriya.

[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayurveda Ayurveda] accepts separate existence of ''indriya'' (sense organs). ''Indriya'' are made up of the five ''mahabhutas''. Each ''indriya'' is composed of portions of all five ''mahabhutas'', with predominance of one of them. Accepting separate existence of ''indriya'' and understanding their composition as made up of ''mahabhutas'' is a significant concept philosophically, and also having important practical applications. Each ''indriya'' operates with the help of certain organs and structures called as ''adhishthana'' (substratum). E.g. eyes, specially retina, optic nerve and the centre for vision in the brain, all can be termed as ''adhishthana''. There is separate existence of ''indriya'', which is very subtle and therefore invisible. Since all these are made up of ''mahabhutas'', with specific diet and specific medicines they can be treated. This is because food and medicines(drugs) are also made up of ''mahabhutas''. Subtle portion from food nourishes ''indriyas'', and medicines can influence and regularise their functions. One can realise, that even the conditions pertaining to ''adhishthana'' like optic nerve degeneration are very much difficult to treat, so one can imagine about the conditions related to ''indriya''. But with acceptance of ''indriya'' and understanding their composition by ''mahabhutas'' provides scope to treat conditions not only pertaining to ''adhishthana'', but also ''indriya''.

Similarly accepting separate existence of mana (mind) is also significant. Because not only by correcting the higher functions of brain which are attributed to mind, but by directly acting on mind, Ayurveda provides better scope for it’s treatment. Accepting existence of atma (soul) is again very much significant. Buddhi (intelligence), smriti (memory) etc. are attributes of atma. By accepting separate existence of atma, they can be better understood and treated to improve.

Similarly accepting separate existence of ''mana'' (mind) is also significant. Because not only by correcting the higher functions of brain which are attributed to mind, but by directly acting on mind, Ayurveda provides better scope for it’s treatment. Accepting existence of atma (soul) is again very much significant. Buddhi (intelligence), smriti (memory) etc. are attributes of atma. By accepting separate existence of atma, they can be better understood and treated to improve.

Atma along with the subtle indriyas and mana when enters in the union of sperm and ovum, ayu(life) starts. Even after in vivo fertilisation of ovum with advanced procedures like ICSI, sometimes new life may not be started. As per Ayurveda, it can be understood that atma has not entered in that union. The conjugation of four factors i.e. the body and atma which enters in it with indriya and mana, continues till death. At the time of death, atma along with indriya and mana leaves the body. When atma realises that it is distinct from the body, indriya and mana, it gets moksha (emancipation).

Atma along with the subtle indriyas and mana when enters in the union of sperm and ovum, ayu(life) starts. Even after in vivo fertilisation of ovum with advanced procedures like ICSI, sometimes new life may not be started. As per Ayurveda, it can be understood that atma has not entered in that union. The conjugation of four factors i.e. the body and atma which enters in it with indriya and mana, continues till death. At the time of death, atma along with indriya and mana leaves the body. When atma realises that it is distinct from the body, indriya and mana, it gets moksha (emancipation).