Changes

vireko mRuduratrAmavihitA ca kriyA hitA||35||  

vireko mRuduratrAmavihitA ca kriyA hitA||35||  

Vomiting, fainting, anorexia, depression, colic pain, excess sleep, malaise, signs of ama and burning sensation are symptoms from which a physician should come to know that basti is occluded due to intake of food in excess. This occlusion can be removed by pachana (therapy to improve digestion) with pungent and saline decoctions or powders, mild purgation and therapies prescribed for correction of ama. (34-35)

Vomiting, fainting, anorexia, depression, colic pain, excess sleep, malaise, signs of ama and burning sensation are symptoms from which a physician should come to know that basti is occluded due to intake of food in excess. This occlusion can be removed by pachana (therapy to improve digestion) with pungent and saline decoctions or powders, mild purgation and therapies prescribed for correction of ama. (34-35)

Symptoms and treatment of impediment by stool:

 

==== Symptoms and treatment of impediment by stool ====

 

विण्मूत्रानिलसङ्गार्तिगुरुत्वाध्मानहृद्ग्रहैः|  

विण्मूत्रानिलसङ्गार्तिगुरुत्वाध्मानहृद्ग्रहैः|  

स्नेहं विडावृतं ज्ञात्वा स्नेहस्वेदैः सवर्तिभिः||३६||  

स्नेहं विडावृतं ज्ञात्वा स्नेहस्वेदैः सवर्तिभिः||३६||  

Obstruction to the passage of stool, urine and flatus, pain, heaviness, flatulence and cardiac spasm are symptoms from which a physician should come to know that basti is occluded due to stool. This occlusion can be removed by oleation, fomentation and phala-varti (medicated suppository) therapies. niruha basti prepared with shyama, bilva etc. followed by anuvasana should be given appropriately. udavarta (reverse movement of vata) treatment principles should be followed. (36-37)

Obstruction to the passage of stool, urine and flatus, pain, heaviness, flatulence and cardiac spasm are symptoms from which a physician should come to know that basti is occluded due to stool. This occlusion can be removed by oleation, fomentation and phala-varti (medicated suppository) therapies. niruha basti prepared with shyama, bilva etc. followed by anuvasana should be given appropriately. udavarta (reverse movement of vata) treatment principles should be followed. (36-37)

Ailments caused by administration of basti on empty stomach and their treatments:

==== Ailments caused by administration of basti on empty stomach and their treatments ====

 

अभुक्ते शून्यपायौ वा वेगात् स्नेहोऽतिपीडितः|  

अभुक्ते शून्यपायौ वा वेगात् स्नेहोऽतिपीडितः|  

धावत्यूर्ध्वं ततः कण्ठादूर्ध्वेभ्यः खेभ्य एत्यपि||३८||  

धावत्यूर्ध्वं ततः कण्ठादूर्ध्वेभ्यः खेभ्य एत्यपि||३८||  

kaNThAdAgacchataH stambhakaNThagrahavirecanaiH|  

kaNThAdAgacchataH stambhakaNThagrahavirecanaiH|  

chardighnIbhiH kriyAbhishca tasya kAryaM nivartanam||40||

chardighnIbhiH kriyAbhishca tasya kAryaM nivartanam||40||

When anuvasana is given on empty stomach or on emptied bowel or if the enema fluid is injected with great force then it goes up speedily and comes out from the throat or through the orifices in the upper part of the body.

When anuvasana is given on empty stomach or on emptied bowel or if the enema fluid is injected with great force then it goes up speedily and comes out from the throat or through the orifices in the upper part of the body.

In this condition oil cooked with cow’s urine, shyama-trivrit, yava, kola and kulattha should be used for giving niruha and anuvasana. If the enema fluid starts coming out of throat, then the patient should be given stambhana therapies, pressure should be applied over his throat and should be given purgatives and antiemetic therapies. (38-40)

In this condition oil cooked with cow’s urine, shyama-trivrit, yava, kola and kulattha should be used for giving niruha and anuvasana. If the enema fluid starts coming out of throat, then the patient should be given stambhana therapies, pressure should be applied over his throat and should be given purgatives and antiemetic therapies. (38-40)

यस्य नोपद्रवं कुर्यात् स्नेहबस्तिरनिःसृतः|  

यस्य नोपद्रवं कुर्यात् स्नेहबस्तिरनिःसृतः|  

सर्वेऽल्पो वाऽऽवृतो रौक्ष्यादुपेक्ष्यः स विजानता||४१||  

सर्वेऽल्पो वाऽऽवृतो रौक्ष्यादुपेक्ष्यः स विजानता||४१||  

yasya nōpadravaṁ kuryāt snēhabastiraniḥsr̥taḥ|  

yasya nōpadravaṁ kuryāt snēhabastiraniḥsr̥taḥ|  

sarvē'lpō vā''vr̥tō raukṣyādupēkṣyaḥ sa vijānatā||41||

sarvē'lpō vā''vr̥tō raukṣyādupēkṣyaḥ sa vijānatā||41||

yasya nopadravaM kuryAt snehabastiraniHsRutaH|  

yasya nopadravaM kuryAt snehabastiraniHsRutaH|  

sarve~alpo vA~a~avRuto raukShyAdupekShyaH sa vijAnatA||41||

sarve~alpo vA~a~avRuto raukShyAdupekShyaH sa vijAnatA||41||

If due to impediments sneha basti is not removed completely or partially, but if no complications are observed then an expert physician can ignore the condition. (41)

If due to impediments sneha basti is not removed completely or partially, but if no complications are observed then an expert physician can ignore the condition. (41)

Diet after anuvasana basti:

 

==== Diet after anuvasana basti ====

 

युक्तस्नेहं द्रवोष्णं च लघुपथ्योपसेवनम्|  

युक्तस्नेहं द्रवोष्णं च लघुपथ्योपसेवनम्|  

भुक्तवान् मात्रया भोज्यमनुवास्यस्त्र्यहात्त्र्यहात्||४२||  

भुक्तवान् मात्रया भोज्यमनुवास्यस्त्र्यहात्त्र्यहात्||४२||  

After proper anuvasana basti, patient should be given liquid, hot, light, wholesome food. After intake of this food in appropriate quantity the patient may given anuvasana basti on every third day.

After proper anuvasana basti, patient should be given liquid, hot, light, wholesome food. After intake of this food in appropriate quantity the patient may given anuvasana basti on every third day.

In the next morning after the night the expert physician should give water boiled with dhanyaka and nagara (shunthi) or simple warm water. This warm water helps the patient in the digestion of undigested fat and disintegrates kapha. Therefore, after emesis, purgation, niruha and anuvasana therapies warm water is to be given to the patients for alleviation of vata and kapha. (42-45)  

In the next morning after the night the expert physician should give water boiled with dhanyaka and nagara (shunthi) or simple warm water. This warm water helps the patient in the digestion of undigested fat and disintegrates kapha. Therefore, after emesis, purgation, niruha and anuvasana therapies warm water is to be given to the patients for alleviation of vata and kapha. (42-45)  

Frequency of anuvasana basti:

 

==== Frequency of anuvasana basti ====

 

रूक्षनित्यस्तु दीप्ताग्निर्व्यायामी  मारुतामयी|  

रूक्षनित्यस्तु दीप्ताग्निर्व्यायामी  मारुतामयी|  

वङ्क्षणश्रोण्युदावृत्तवाताश्चार्हा दिने दिने||४६||  

वङ्क्षणश्रोण्युदावृत्तवाताश्चार्हा दिने दिने||४६||  

ato~anyeShAM tryahAtprAyaH snehaM pacati pAvakaH||47||  

ato~anyeShAM tryahAtprAyaH snehaM pacati pAvakaH||47||  

Persons who are habituated to take dry food, having strong digestive capacity, those indulged in physical exertion, sufferers of vata disorders, whose pelvic and hip regions are afflicted with vata and who are suffering from udavarta should be given anuvasana every day. As the water falling on sand gets absorbed immediately, similarly the fat given to these patients gets immediately digested. In case of others the agni generally digests sneha in three days. (46-47)  

Persons who are habituated to take dry food, having strong digestive capacity, those indulged in physical exertion, sufferers of vata disorders, whose pelvic and hip regions are afflicted with vata and who are suffering from udavarta should be given anuvasana every day. As the water falling on sand gets absorbed immediately, similarly the fat given to these patients gets immediately digested. In case of others the agni generally digests sneha in three days. (46-47)  

Instructions before basti administration:

 

==== Instructions before basti administration ====

 

न त्वामं प्रणयेत् स्नेहं स ह्यभिष्यन्दयेद्गुदम्|  

न त्वामं प्रणयेत् स्नेहं स ह्यभिष्यन्दयेद्गुदम्|  

सावशेषं च कुर्वीत वायुः शेषे हि तिष्ठति||४८||  

सावशेषं च कुर्वीत वायुः शेषे हि तिष्ठति||४८||  

• Some portion of fat should be allowed to remain in basti because in attempt to give complete basti, some portion of vata also goes inside.

• Some portion of fat should be allowed to remain in basti because in attempt to give complete basti, some portion of vata also goes inside.

• Use of fats orally and through basti simultaneously should be avoided as it vitiates vata and agni. (48-49)

• Use of fats orally and through basti simultaneously should be avoided as it vitiates vata and agni. (48-49)

Importance of alternate administration of sneha and niruha basti:

 

==== Importance of alternate administration of sneha and niruha basti ====

 

स्नेहबस्तिं निरूहं वा नैकमेवातिशीलयेत्|  

स्नेहबस्तिं निरूहं वा नैकमेवातिशीलयेत्|  

उत्क्लेशाग्निवधौ स्नेहान्निरूहात् पवनाद्भयम्||५०||  

उत्क्लेशाग्निवधौ स्नेहान्निरूहात् पवनाद्भयम्||५०||  

snehashodhanayuktyaivaM bastikarma tridoShanut||51||  

snehashodhanayuktyaivaM bastikarma tridoShanut||51||  

Either niruha or anuvasana should not be given continuously in excess as, continuous anuvasana causes utklesha (excitement of dosha) and suppression of digestive power. Continuous excess niruha causes vata aggrevation. Thus, after niruha basti the patient should be given anuvasana and after anuvasana basti, niruha should be administered. Thus, by giving anuvasana and niruha appropriately, basti therapy cures diseases caused by all the three dosha. (50-51)

Either niruha or anuvasana should not be given continuously in excess as, continuous anuvasana causes utklesha (excitement of dosha) and suppression of digestive power. Continuous excess niruha causes vata aggrevation. Thus, after niruha basti the patient should be given anuvasana and after anuvasana basti, niruha should be administered. Thus, by giving anuvasana and niruha appropriately, basti therapy cures diseases caused by all the three dosha. (50-51)

Matra basti:

 

==== Matra basti ====

 

कर्मव्यायामभाराध्वया(पा)नस्त्रीकर्षितेषु च|  

कर्मव्यायामभाराध्वया(पा)नस्त्रीकर्षितेषु च|  

दुर्बले वातभग्ने  च मात्राबस्तिः सदा मतः||५२||  

दुर्बले वातभग्ने  च मात्राबस्तिः सदा मतः||५२||  

Matra basti is always useful for persons emaciated by excess activities, exercise, weight lifting, long way faring, riding vehicles or indulging in sexual intercourse and for person who are weak and afflicted with vatika disorders. While taking matra basti person can take food and do the activities as per his liking and can be administered in any season. The dose of matra basti is equal to the minimum dose of oleation therapy. Matra basti promotes strength and can be administered easily. It helps in easy voiding of stool. It causes nourishment and cures diseases caused by aggravated vata. (52-54)

Matra basti is always useful for persons emaciated by excess activities, exercise, weight lifting, long way faring, riding vehicles or indulging in sexual intercourse and for person who are weak and afflicted with vatika disorders. While taking matra basti person can take food and do the activities as per his liking and can be administered in any season. The dose of matra basti is equal to the minimum dose of oleation therapy. Matra basti promotes strength and can be administered easily. It helps in easy voiding of stool. It causes nourishment and cures diseases caused by aggravated vata. (52-54)

Summary:

 

==== Summary ====

 

तत्र श्लोकौ-  

तत्र श्लोकौ-  

वातादीनां शमायोक्ताः प्रवराः स्नेहबस्तयः|  

वातादीनां शमायोक्ताः प्रवराः स्नेहबस्तयः|  

To sum up here-

To sum up here-

Foremost basti preparations for vata and other dosha vitiation, complications arising from improper administration with their treatments, diet before administration, whom to give basti  every day and for whom it is indicated on every third day, method of administration of anuvasana and matrabasti  are the topics dealt with. (55-56)

Foremost basti preparations for vata and other dosha vitiation, complications arising from improper administration with their treatments, diet before administration, whom to give basti  every day and for whom it is indicated on every third day, method of administration of anuvasana and matrabasti  are the topics dealt with. (55-56)

Tattva vimarsha:  

 

=== ''Tattva Vimarsha'' ===

   

• Bioavailability of drugs and fats is more by basti as compared to oral route as degradation from metabolic enzymes is minimal and larger amount can be given by rectal route.

• Bioavailability of drugs and fats is more by basti as compared to oral route as degradation from metabolic enzymes is minimal and larger amount can be given by rectal route.

• Snehabasti has vata pacifying, regenerating, anti-aging, shukra and oja enhancing effect.

• Snehabasti has vata pacifying, regenerating, anti-aging, shukra and oja enhancing effect.

• Wholesome diet and lifestyle is important to be followed after sneha basti to achieve maximum efficacy.   

• Wholesome diet and lifestyle is important to be followed after sneha basti to achieve maximum efficacy.   

• Matra basti is low dose basti, can be given to patients with vata dominant disorders who are weak and ambulatory. It can be given in all seasons, and doesn’t produce any complications. The dose of matra basti is similar to low dose of sneha.  

• Matra basti is low dose basti, can be given to patients with vata dominant disorders who are weak and ambulatory. It can be given in all seasons, and doesn’t produce any complications. The dose of matra basti is similar to low dose of sneha.  

Vidhi Vimarsha:

 

=== ''Vidhi Vimarsha'' ===

 

Effect of Snehabasti: [verse 23-24]

Effect of Snehabasti: [verse 23-24]

Acharya Charaka has given due importance to the nourishment properties of snehabasti. Probable reason may be, drugs administered low in the rectum are delivered systemically by the inferior and middle rectal veins before passing through the liver. ,  Thus the bioavailability increases as compared to oral route as degradation from metabolic enzymes is minimal. Hence energy providing capacity is more for snehabasti compared to oral fat consumption. Moreover, palatability is not an issue in basti hence larger doses for nourishment are possible to be used. Some fatty acids like omega-3-fatty acid, omega-9-fatty acid, alpha-linolenic acids, cervonic acid etc. are useful for normal intellectual capacity and brain functioning and also prevents ageing.  Sneha itself and basti karma both remove vata hence age related degeneration due to increased vata can be hampered with the use of snehabasti which can be termed as oja enhancing effect. Higher intake of omega-3 fats is positively related to sperm morphology hence sneha basti can also be beneficial for semen’s qualitative improvement.

Acharya Charaka has given due importance to the nourishment properties of snehabasti. Probable reason may be, drugs administered low in the rectum are delivered systemically by the inferior and middle rectal veins before passing through the liver. ,  Thus the bioavailability increases as compared to oral route as degradation from metabolic enzymes is minimal. Hence energy providing capacity is more for snehabasti compared to oral fat consumption. Moreover, palatability is not an issue in basti hence larger doses for nourishment are possible to be used. Some fatty acids like omega-3-fatty acid, omega-9-fatty acid, alpha-linolenic acids, cervonic acid etc. are useful for normal intellectual capacity and brain functioning and also prevents ageing.  Sneha itself and basti karma both remove vata hence age related degeneration due to increased vata can be hampered with the use of snehabasti which can be termed as oja enhancing effect. Higher intake of omega-3 fats is positively related to sperm morphology hence sneha basti can also be beneficial for semen’s qualitative improvement.