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अथसंशयः- संशयोनामसन्देहलक्षणानुसन्दिग्धेष्वर्थेष्वनिश्चयः  ; यथा- दृष्टाह्यायुष्मल्लक्षणैरुपेताश्चानुपेताश्चतथासक्रियाश्चाक्रियाश्चपुरुषाःशीघ्रभङ्गाश्चिरजीविनश्च, एतदुभयदृष्टत्वात्संशयः- किमस्तिखल्वकालमृत्युरुतनास्तीति||४३||

अथसंशयः- संशयोनामसन्देहलक्षणानुसन्दिग्धेष्वर्थेष्वनिश्चयः  ; यथा- दृष्टाह्यायुष्मल्लक्षणैरुपेताश्चानुपेताश्चतथासक्रियाश्चाक्रियाश्चपुरुषाःशीघ्रभङ्गाश्चिरजीविनश्च, एतदुभयदृष्टत्वात्संशयः- किमस्तिखल्वकालमृत्युरुतनास्तीति||४३||

athasaṁśayaḥ-saṁśayō nāma sandēhalakṣaṇānusandigdhēṣvarthēṣvaniścayaḥ; yathā- dr̥ṣṭā hyāyuṣmallakṣaṇairupētāścānupētāśca tathā sakriyāścākriyāśca puruṣāḥ śīghrabhaṅgāścirajīvinaśca, ētadubhayadr̥ṣṭatvāt saṁśayaḥ- kimasti khalvakālamr̥tyuruta nāstīti ||43||

athasaṁśayaḥ-saṁśayō nāma sandēhalakṣaṇānusandigdhēṣvarthēṣvaniścayaḥ; yathā- dr̥ṣṭā hyāyuṣmallakṣaṇairupētāścānupētāśca tathā sakriyāścākriyāśca puruṣāḥ śīghrabhaṅgāścirajīvinaśca, ētadubhayadr̥ṣṭatvāt saṁśayaḥ- kimasti khalvakālamr̥tyuruta nāstīti ||43||

atha saMshayaH- saMshayo nAma sandehalakShaNAnusandigdheShvartheShvanishcayaH [1] ; yathA-dRuShTA hyAyuShmallakShaNairupetAshcAnupetAshca tathA sakriyAshcAkriyAshca puruShAHshIghrabha~ggAshcirajIvinashca, etadubhayadRuShTatvAt saMshayaH- kimasti khalvakAlamRutyurutanAstIti||43||

atha saMshayaH- saMshayo nAma sandehalakShaNAnusandigdheShvartheShvanishcayaH [1] ; yathA-dRuShTA hyAyuShmallakShaNairupetAshcAnupetAshca tathA sakriyAshcAkriyAshca puruShAHshIghrabha~ggAshcirajIvinashca, etadubhayadRuShTatvAt saMshayaH- kimasti khalvakAlamRutyurutanAstIti||43||

Samshayaḥ is the state of indecision about the concerned entity. For instance, on observing that both types of persons having signs of longevity or not and they adopting the therapeutic measures or not – die early or live long life, therefore doubt arises as whether there is untimely death or not .[43]  

Samshayaḥ is the state of indecision about the concerned entity. For instance, on observing that both types of persons having signs of longevity or not and they adopting the therapeutic measures or not – die early or live long life, therefore doubt arises as whether there is untimely death or not .[43]  

23. Prayojana (purpose or intention):

===== 23. Prayojana (purpose or intention) =====

 

अथप्रयोजनं- प्रयोजनंनामयदर्थमारभ्यन्तआरम्भाः; यथा- यद्यकालमृत्युरस्तिततोऽहमात्मानमायुष्यैरुपचरिष्याम्यनायुष्याणिचपरिहरिष्यामि, कथंमामकालमृत्युःप्रसहेतेति||४४||  

अथप्रयोजनं- प्रयोजनंनामयदर्थमारभ्यन्तआरम्भाः; यथा- यद्यकालमृत्युरस्तिततोऽहमात्मानमायुष्यैरुपचरिष्याम्यनायुष्याणिचपरिहरिष्यामि, कथंमामकालमृत्युःप्रसहेतेति||४४||  

atha prayōjanaṁ- prayōjanaṁ nāma yadarthamārabhyanta ārambhāḥ; yathā- yadyakālamr̥tyurasti tatō'hamātmānamāyuṣyairupacariṣyāmyanāyuṣyāṇi ca parihariṣyāmi, kathaṁ māmakālamr̥tyuḥ prasahētēti||44||  

atha prayōjanaṁ- prayōjanaṁ nāma yadarthamārabhyanta ārambhāḥ; yathā- yadyakālamr̥tyurasti tatō'hamātmānamāyuṣyairupacariṣyāmyanāyuṣyāṇi ca parihariṣyāmi, kathaṁ māmakālamr̥tyuḥ prasahētēti||44||  

atha prayojanaM- prayojanaM nAma yadarthamArabhyanta ArambhAH; yathA- yadyakAlamRutyurastitato~ahamAtmAnamAyuShyairupacariShyAmyanAyuShyANi ca parihariShyAmi, kathaMmAmakAlamRutyuH prasaheteti||44||

atha prayojanaM- prayojanaM nAma yadarthamArabhyanta ArambhAH; yathA- yadyakAlamRutyurastitato~ahamAtmAnamAyuShyairupacariShyAmyanAyuShyANi ca parihariShyAmi, kathaMmAmakAlamRutyuH prasaheteti||44||

Prayojana is that for which the actions is initiated. Such as – ‘if there is untimely death then I will use life-promoting measures and avoid the contrary ones. In such condition how would the untimely death subdue me?[44]

Prayojana is that for which the actions is initiated. Such as – ‘if there is untimely death then I will use life-promoting measures and avoid the contrary ones. In such condition how would the untimely death subdue me?[44]

24. Savyabhichara (incompatible argument):

 

===== 24. Savyabhichara (incompatible argument) =====

 

अथसव्यभिचारं- सव्यभिचारंनामयद्व्यभिचरणं; यथा- भवेदिदमौषधमस्मिन्व्याधौयौगिकमथवानेति||४५||  

अथसव्यभिचारं- सव्यभिचारंनामयद्व्यभिचरणं; यथा- भवेदिदमौषधमस्मिन्व्याधौयौगिकमथवानेति||४५||  

atha savyabhicāraṁ- savyabhicāraṁ nāma yadvyabhicaraṇaṁ; yathā- bhavēdidamauṣadhamasmin vyādhau yaugikamathavā nēti||45||  

atha savyabhicāraṁ- savyabhicāraṁ nāma yadvyabhicaraṇaṁ; yathā- bhavēdidamauṣadhamasmin vyādhau yaugikamathavā nēti||45||  

atha savyabhicAraM- savyabhicAraM nAma yadvyabhicaraNaM; yathA- bhavedidamauShadhamasminvyAdhau yaugikamathavA neti||45||

atha savyabhicAraM- savyabhicAraM nAma yadvyabhicaraNaM; yathA- bhavedidamauShadhamasminvyAdhau yaugikamathavA neti||45||

Savyabhichara  is that argument incompatible with the conclusion drawn from it.

Savyabhichara  is that argument incompatible with the conclusion drawn from it.

, such as ‘this medicine may or may not be applicable to this disease.’[45]

, such as ‘this medicine may or may not be applicable to this disease.’[45]

25. Jijnasa (examination):

 

===== 25. Jijnasa (examination) =====

 

अथजिज्ञासा- जिज्ञासानामपरीक्षा; यथाभेषजपरीक्षोत्तरकालमुपदेक्ष्यते||४६||

अथजिज्ञासा- जिज्ञासानामपरीक्षा; यथाभेषजपरीक्षोत्तरकालमुपदेक्ष्यते||४६||

atha jijñāsā- jijñāsā nāma parīkṣā; yathā bhēṣajaparīkṣōttarakālamupadēkṣyatē||46||  

atha jijñāsā- jijñāsā nāma parīkṣā; yathā bhēṣajaparīkṣōttarakālamupadēkṣyatē||46||  

atha jij~jAsA- jij~jAsA nAma parIkShA; yathA bheShajaparIkShottarakAlamupadekShyate||46||

atha jij~jAsA- jij~jAsA nAma parIkShA; yathA bheShajaparIkShottarakAlamupadekShyate||46||

Jijnasa is the examination. Such as- the examination of drugs will be described later on.[46]

Jijnasa is the examination. Such as- the examination of drugs will be described later on.[46]

26. Vyavasaya (resolution):

 

===== 26. Vyavasaya (resolution) =====

 

अथव्यवसायः- व्यवसायोनामनिश्चयः; यथा- वातिकएवायंव्याधिः, इदमेवास्यभेषजंचेति||४७||  

अथव्यवसायः- व्यवसायोनामनिश्चयः; यथा- वातिकएवायंव्याधिः, इदमेवास्यभेषजंचेति||४७||  

atha vyavasāyaḥ- vyavasāyō nāma niścayaḥ; yathā- vātika ēvāyaṁ vyādhiḥ, idamēvāsya bhēṣajaṁ cēti||47||  

atha vyavasāyaḥ- vyavasāyō nāma niścayaḥ; yathā- vātika ēvāyaṁ vyādhiḥ, idamēvāsya bhēṣajaṁ cēti||47||  

atha vyavasAyaH- vyavasAyo nAma nishcayaH; yathA- vAtika evAyaM vyAdhiH, idamevAsya [1] bheShajaMceti||47||  

atha vyavasAyaH- vyavasAyo nAma nishcayaH; yathA- vAtika evAyaM vyAdhiH, idamevAsya [1] bheShajaMceti||47||  

Vyavasaya is resolution or firm decision, such as- this disease is certainly vataja and this is the medicament for this.[47]

Vyavasaya is resolution or firm decision, such as- this disease is certainly vataja and this is the medicament for this.[47]

27. Arthaprapti ( attainement of meaning):

27. Arthaprapti ( attainement of meaning):

अथार्थप्राप्तिः- अर्थप्राप्तिर्नामयत्रैकेनार्थेनोक्तेनापरस्यार्थस्यानुक्तस्यापिसिद्धिः; यथा- नायंसन्तर्पणसाध्योव्याधिरित्युक्तेभवत्यर्थप्राप्तिः- अपतर्पणसाध्योऽयमिति, नानेनदिवाभोक्तव्यमित्युक्तेभवत्यर्थप्राप्तिः- निशिभोक्तव्यमिति||४८||  

अथार्थप्राप्तिः- अर्थप्राप्तिर्नामयत्रैकेनार्थेनोक्तेनापरस्यार्थस्यानुक्तस्यापिसिद्धिः; यथा- नायंसन्तर्पणसाध्योव्याधिरित्युक्तेभवत्यर्थप्राप्तिः- अपतर्पणसाध्योऽयमिति, नानेनदिवाभोक्तव्यमित्युक्तेभवत्यर्थप्राप्तिः- निशिभोक्तव्यमिति||४८||