Changes

The usual contents of a ''niruha basti'' are salt, honey, oil'', kalka'' and decoction (or a liquid). These are to be mixed by churning in the sequence as mentioned above. Here the mixing may be in this sequence- ''saindhava'', honey, oil, ''ghrita, hapusha'' (fruits of Juniperus communis Linn.)and milk.(verse 7)

The usual contents of a ''niruha basti'' are salt, honey, oil'', kalka'' and decoction (or a liquid). These are to be mixed by churning in the sequence as mentioned above. Here the mixing may be in this sequence- ''saindhava'', honey, oil, ''ghrita, hapusha'' (fruits of Juniperus communis Linn.)and milk.(verse 7)

''Basti'' is usually contraindicated in ''kushtha'' [Ca. Si. 2/14]<ref>Agniveśa, Caraka, Dṛḍhabala; Caraka saṁhitā, siddhisthāna, chapter 2/14; edited by Yadavji trikamji acharya; Munshiram Manoharlal publishers pvt. Ltd; 4th edition 1981; P 688.</ref>. However, Sushruta Samhita recommends ''niruhabastis'' in this condition [Su.Ci.35/22].<ref>Susruta, Susruta Samhita, Chikitsa sthana, Chapter 35/22; Edited by Yadavji Trikamji Acharya and Narayana Ram Acharya; 4th edithion, 1980, P 527 </ref> Practically ''niruha basti'', with bitter substances e.g. ''panchatikta niruha'', is useful in kuṣṭha.

''Basti'' is usually contraindicated in ''kushtha'' [Ca. Si. 2/14]<ref>Agniveśa, Caraka, Dṛḍhabala; Caraka saṁhitā, siddhisthāna, chapter 2/14; edited by Yadavji trikamji acharya; Munshiram Manoharlal publishers pvt. Ltd; 4th edition 1981; P 688.</ref>. However, Sushruta Samhita recommends ''niruhabastis'' in this condition [Su.Ci.35/22].<ref>Susruta, Susruta Samhita, Chikitsa sthana, Chapter 35/22; Edited by Yadavji Trikamji Acharya and Narayana Ram Acharya; 4th edithion, 1980, P 527 </ref> Practically ''niruha basti'', with bitter substances e.g. ''panchatikta niruha'', is useful in ''kushtha''.

The quantity of kalka of sarṣapa is not mentioned in the above recipe. According to commentary of Cakrapāṇi on this verse, it may be decided. <ref>Agniveśa, Caraka, Dṛḍhabala; Caraka saṁhitā, siddhisthāna, chapter 8/8-9 (Cakrapāṇi commentary); edited by Yadavji trikamji acharya; Munshiram Manoharlal publishers pvt. Ltd; 4th edition 1981; P 713.</ref> In the nirūha bastis with an amount of twelve prasritas, the amount of kalka is usually two palas (about100gms). In present recipe, the amount is five prasritas and therefore the amount of kalka of sarṣapa would be about 40 gms. This principle is applicable in latter recipes also where the amount of kalka is not mentioned.  

The quantity of ''kalka'' of ''sarshapa'' is not mentioned in the above recipe. According to commentary of Chakrapani on this verse, it may be decided. <ref>Agniveśa, Caraka, Dṛḍhabala; Caraka saṁhitā, siddhisthāna, chapter 8/8-9 (Cakrapāṇi commentary); edited by Yadavji trikamji acharya; Munshiram Manoharlal publishers pvt. Ltd; 4th edition 1981; P 713.</ref> In the ''niruha bastis'' with an amount of twelve ''prasritas'', the amount of ''kalka'' is usually two ''palas'' (about 100gms). In present recipe, the amount is five ''prasritas'' and therefore the amount of ''kalka'' of ''sarshapa'' would be about 40 gms. This principle is applicable in latter recipes also where the amount of ''kalka'' is not mentioned.  

This basti contains viḍaṅga (Embelia ribes Burm.) which is the best among krimighna(anti-parasitic) [Ca.Su. 25/40] substances. Therefore, it has a krimināśana effect. (verse 9-10)

This ''basti'' contains ''vidanga'' (Embelia ribes Burm.) which is the best among ''krimighna''(anti-parasitic) [Ca.Su. 25/40] substances. Therefore, it has a ''kriminashana'' effect. (verse 9-10)

Gaṅgādhara in his Jalpakalpataru commentary considers payasyāas kṣīrakākolī, which is Fritillaria roylei Hook. Some scholars consider payasyāas vidārī, but in present recipe vidārīis already one ingredient therefore to consider it kṣīrakākolīis appropriate.

Gangadhara in his ''Jalpakalpataru'' commentary considers ''payasyas ksheerakakoli'', which is Fritillaria roylei Hook. Some scholars consider ''payasyaas vidari'', but at present, ''vidari'' recipies already include one ingredient therefore to consider it ''ksheerakakoli'' is appropriate.

In the recipes of verse 11-12, the amount of paste is not mentioned. This may be calculated as stated in earlier verse 8th -9th. (verse 11-12)

In the recipes of verse 11-12, the amount of paste is not mentioned. This may be calculated as stated in earlier verse 8th -9th. (verse 11-12)

In above verses from 4 to 14, nine recipes of prasrita bastis are described. Here a special and practical instruction is given that even if salt is not mentioned in any of the recipes, rock salt is to be added and these bastis are always given with a moderate warm temperature.

In above verses from 4 to 14, nine recipes of ''prasrita bastis'' are described. Here a special and practical instruction is given that even if salt is not mentioned in any of the recipes, rock salt is to be added and these ''bastis'' are always given with a moderate warm temperature.

While preparing the bastis, rock salt is to be added. The amount is to be calculated according to the principle described in the 7th verse i.e. about 6 gms. After preparing the basti, to keep it warm until it is administered, a hot water bath may be used. (verse 13-14)

While preparing the ''bastis'', rock salt is to be added. The amount is to be calculated according to the principle described in the 7th verse i.e. about 6 gms. After preparing the ''basti'', to keep it warm until it is administered, a hot water bath may be used. (verse 13-14)

In the verse 15-16, two opposite possibilities are described.  It may be milder than normal or it may be stronger than a normal. A mild basti is unable not only to eliminate doṣas, but it itself is not ableto come out. This is ayoga or hīnayoga (insufficient action). In such a case a basti is to be repeated with a stronger recipe. Contrary to this, if a basti is stronger it may cause an atiyoga (action in excess) causing evacuation of colonic contents more than required and eventually loss of essential substances.

In the verse 15-16, two opposite possibilities are described.  It may be milder than normal or it may be stronger than a normal. A mild ''basti'' is unable not only to eliminate ''doshas'', but it itself is not ableto come out. This is ''ayoga'' or ''heenayoga'' (insufficient action). In such a case a ''basti'' is to be repeated with a stronger recipe. Contrary to this, if a ''basti'' is stronger it may cause an ''atiyoga'' (action in excess) causing evacuation of colonic contents more than required and eventually loss of essential substances.

A soft acting basti is not able to eliminate the doṣhas and may get stagnated and cause disturbance. To eliminate it, a strong and sharp acting basti is recommended. If strong bastis have caused emaciation, dehydration or weakness, the bastis with madhura (sweet) substances are useful because madhura substances are nourishing in action. (verses 15-16)

A soft acting ''basti'' is not able to eliminate the ''doshas'' and may get stagnated and cause disturbance. To eliminate it, a strong and sharp acting ''basti'' is recommended. If strong ''bastis'' have caused emaciation, dehydration or weakness, the ''bastis'' with ''madhura'' (sweet) substances are useful because ''madhura'' substances are nourishing in action. (verses 15-16)

In vāta-related disorders, basti material with physically and pharmacologically hot property is preferred. It may cause pitta aggravation resulting in burning sensation and other such pitta-related symptoms. In such a condition, grape juice or decoction of raisins added with a kalka (paste) of trivṛt (Operculina turpethum Linn.) is given. In case of unavailability of kalka, its powder can be used. This cures the burning sensation and other pitta-related symptoms with its anti-pitta action and expulsion of stool, pitta and vāta. Yavāgu with sugar is given for nourishing purpose after this laxation. (verses 16-17)

In ''vata''-related disorders, ''basti'' material with physically and pharmacologically hot property is preferred. It may cause ''pitta'' aggravation resulting in burning sensation and other such ''pitta''-related symptoms. In such a condition, grape juice or decoction of raisins added with a ''kalka'' (paste) of ''trivrita'' (Operculina turpethum Linn.) is given. In case of unavailability of ''kalka'', its powder can be used. This cures the burning sensation and other ''pitta''-related symptoms with its anti-''pitta'' action and expulsion of stool, ''pitta'' and ''vata''. ''Yavagu'' with sugar is given for nourishing purpose after this laxation. (verses 16-17)

If the purgation is in excess, it may cause significant loss of stool along with essential substances (e.g.water and electrolytes). This requires immediate attention to prevent the harm due to depletion of essential body components.

If the purgation is in excess, it may cause significant loss of stool along with essential substances (e.g.water and electrolytes). This requires immediate attention to prevent the harm due to depletion of essential body components.

Faulty application of bastis may cause a complication in the form of atisāra. Atisāra is a clinical condition of colon characterized by excessive and frequent defecation with altered consistency of stool. In short it may be interpreted as diarrhea. In next verse different forms of atisāra and their management are described. In this verse the condition is characterized by sāma stool (stool containing āma- undigested material), which smells like a decomposing body (putrid smell) and is associated with abdominal pain. Āma is a substance produced due to weak agni resulting in incomplete transformation of substance. In the present context, due to weak jatharāgni the transformation of food in to digested absorbable substances is incomplete resulting in to production of some intermediate substances.<ref>Vāgbhata; Aṣtāṅga Hṛdaya, chapter 13/25; edited by Bhiṣagācārya Hariśāstrī Parādakara Vaidya; Chaukhambha Orientalia, Varanasi; Reprint 10th edition, 2014; P 216.</ref>,<ref>Śrī Mādhavakara; Mādhavanidāna, volume 1, chapter 25 (madhukośa tīkā of vijayarakṣita and śrī kaṅṭhadatta on 5th verse); edited with madhudhārā hindi commentary by Brakmanand Tripathi; Chaukhamba Surabharati Prakashan, Varanasi, 2012; P 573-574.</ref> These substances are known as āma. Because of its adherent quality it is supposed to be a pathogenic substance.In this condition a decoction of mustā, ativiṣā, kuṣṭha, nata, dāru and vacā is recommended. These medicines help in pāchana (termination) of āma.

In such a condition it is to be corrected by eating ''mashayusha'' (soup of black beans) and ''kulmasha'' (half cooked grains); and by taking honey or ''sura''. ''Kulmasha'' is also interpreted as a sour gruel (prepared by the spontaneous fermentation of fruit-juices or boiled rice). However, according to Chakrapani this is half cooked grain (barley etc.), which is popularly known as ''ghughuni''.<ref>Agniveśa, Caraka, Dṛḍhabala; Caraka saṁhitā, siddhisthāna, chapter 8/18 (Cakrapāṇi commentary); edited by Yadavji trikamji acharya; Munshiram Manoharlal publishers pvt. Ltd; 4th edition 1981; P 713.</ref>,<ref>Agniveśa, Caraka, Dṛḍhabala; Caraka saṁhitā (only samskrita), 5th part, siddhisthāna, chapter 8 (Commentary of Cakrapāṇi on 13-14); edited by Kaviraj shree Narendranath sen Gupta, and kaviraj shree Balaichandra sen Gupta, Rastriya Samskrita Samsthana, New Delhi, 2002; P 3738.</ref>. This is known as ''ghughari'' in Gujarat and western Madhya Pradesh. This is more suitable interpretation. This is considered to be well nourishing food article. (verse 18)

This chapter describes six types of atisāra based on the pathogens being excreted in excess. This verse explains the remedy for one of them in which patient passes stool with significant undigested material. This undigested material causes putrid smell after decomposition. Decomposition also produces some toxic substances, which cause abdominal pain and loss of appetite. The recipe described here is not useful in atisāra produced as complication of basti but also in āmātisāra of any origin. (verse 19)

 

This chapter describes six types of ''atisāra'' based on the pathogens being excreted in excess. This verse explains the remedy for one of them in which patient passes stool with significant undigested material. This undigested material causes putrid smell after decomposition. Decomposition also produces some toxic substances, which cause abdominal pain and loss of appetite. The recipe described here is not useful in atisāra produced as complication of basti but also in āmātisāra of any origin. (verse 19)

This verse number 20 describes other five types of atisāra. In this way, six types of atisāras those are depicted in above verses are as follow.

This verse number 20 describes other five types of atisāra. In this way, six types of atisāras those are depicted in above verses are as follow.

1.Atisāra (diarrhea) in which stool contains āma (undigested material)   

#''Atisara'' (diarrhea) in which stool contains ''ama'' (undigested material)   

2. Atisāra (diarrhea) in which stool is pakva i.e.free from āma (undigested material)  

#Atisāra (diarrhea) in which stool is pakva i.e.free from āma (undigested material)  

3. Atisāra (diarrhea) in which stool is pakva and containing vāta i.e. significant flatulence.

#Atisāra (diarrhea) in which stool is pakva and containing vāta i.e. significant flatulence.

4. Atisāra (diarrhea) in which stool is pakva and containing asṛk (blood).

#Atisāra (diarrhea) in which stool is pakva and containing asṛk (blood).

5. Atisāra (diarrhea) in which stool is pakva and containing pitta.

#Atisāra (diarrhea) in which stool is pakva and containing pitta.

6. Atisāra (diarrhea) in which stool is pakva and containing kapha.

#Atisāra (diarrhea) in which stool is pakva and containing kapha.

For the management of these conditions bastis prepared with the svavargīya medicines (group of medicines acting against particular pathologies) are given.<ref>Agniveśa, Caraka, Dṛḍhabala; Caraka saṁhitā, siddhisthāna, chapter 8/20 (Cakrapāṇi commentary); edited by Yadavji trikamji acharya; Munshiram Manoharlal publishers pvt. Ltd; 4th edition 1981; P 714.</ref> For example the vargas (classified groups) described in Ṣaḍvirecanaśatāśrīya chapter (chapter 4th) of sūtrasthāna of Carakasaṁhitā. So, the recommended group of medicines for last five conditions of pathology is  purīṣasaṁgrahaṇīya [Ca.Sū.4/8/31], vātaghna, śoṇitasthāpana [Ca.Sū.4/8/46], pittaghna  and kaphaghna vargas  respectively.<ref>Agniveśa, Caraka, Dṛḍhabala; Caraka saṁhitā, siddhisthāna, chapter 4/8; edited by Yadavji trikamji acharya; Munshiram Manoharlal publishers pvt. Ltd; 4th edition 1981; P 33 & 34.</ref>. Purīṣasaṁgrahaṇīya group consists of priyaṅgu (Callicarpa macrophylla R.Br.), ananta (Hemidesmus indicusR.Br.), Seed of  mango, kaṭvaṅga (Ailanthus excelsa Roxb.), lodhra (Symplocos racemosa Roxb.), mocharasa (secretion of Salmalia malabarica Scott&Endl.), samṅgā (Mimosa pudica Linn.), dhātakī (Woodfordia fruticosa Kurz.), padmā (Clerodendrum serratum Linn.) and padmakesara (Stamen of Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.). shoṇitasthāpana group consists of honey, madhuka (Glycyrrhiza glabra Linn.), saffron, mocarasa (secretion of Salmalia malabarica Scott &Endl.), broken earthen vessel, lodhra (Symplocos racemosa Roxb.), gairika (red ochre), priyaṅgu (Callicarpa macrophylla  R.Br.), sharkarā(sugar) and lājā (puffed rice).<ref>Agniveśa, Caraka, Dṛḍhabala; Caraka saṁhitā, siddhisthāna, chapter 4/8; edited by Yadavji trikamji acharya; Munshiram Manoharlal publishers pvt. Ltd; 4th edition 1981; P 33 & 34.</ref>The form of basti is not described here. However, this may be decided according to disease condition and patient’s tolerance. (verse 20)

For the management of these conditions bastis prepared with the svavargīya medicines (group of medicines acting against particular pathologies) are given.<ref>Agniveśa, Caraka, Dṛḍhabala; Caraka saṁhitā, siddhisthāna, chapter 8/20 (Cakrapāṇi commentary); edited by Yadavji trikamji acharya; Munshiram Manoharlal publishers pvt. Ltd; 4th edition 1981; P 714.</ref> For example the vargas (classified groups) described in Ṣaḍvirecanaśatāśrīya chapter (chapter 4th) of sūtrasthāna of Carakasaṁhitā. So, the recommended group of medicines for last five conditions of pathology is  purīṣasaṁgrahaṇīya [Ca.Sū.4/8/31], vātaghna, śoṇitasthāpana [Ca.Sū.4/8/46], pittaghna  and kaphaghna vargas  respectively.<ref>Agniveśa, Caraka, Dṛḍhabala; Caraka saṁhitā, siddhisthāna, chapter 4/8; edited by Yadavji trikamji acharya; Munshiram Manoharlal publishers pvt. Ltd; 4th edition 1981; P 33 & 34.</ref>. Purīṣasaṁgrahaṇīya group consists of priyaṅgu (Callicarpa macrophylla R.Br.), ananta (Hemidesmus indicusR.Br.), Seed of  mango, kaṭvaṅga (Ailanthus excelsa Roxb.), lodhra (Symplocos racemosa Roxb.), mocharasa (secretion of Salmalia malabarica Scott&Endl.), samṅgā (Mimosa pudica Linn.), dhātakī (Woodfordia fruticosa Kurz.), padmā (Clerodendrum serratum Linn.) and padmakesara (Stamen of Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.). shoṇitasthāpana group consists of honey, madhuka (Glycyrrhiza glabra Linn.), saffron, mocarasa (secretion of Salmalia malabarica Scott &Endl.), broken earthen vessel, lodhra (Symplocos racemosa Roxb.), gairika (red ochre), priyaṅgu (Callicarpa macrophylla  R.Br.), sharkarā(sugar) and lājā (puffed rice).<ref>Agniveśa, Caraka, Dṛḍhabala; Caraka saṁhitā, siddhisthāna, chapter 4/8; edited by Yadavji trikamji acharya; Munshiram Manoharlal publishers pvt. Ltd; 4th edition 1981; P 33 & 34.</ref>The form of basti is not described here. However, this may be decided according to disease condition and patient’s tolerance. (verse 20)

The six basic forms of atisāra are:  

The six basic forms of atisāra are:  

o āmātisāra (diarrhea with undigested material)  

#āmātisāra (diarrhea with undigested material)  

o śakṛdatisāra (frequent stool only)  

#śakṛdatisāra (frequent stool only)  

o vātātisāra (that with significant flatulence)  

#vātātisāra (that with significant flatulence)  

o asṛkātisāra (that with blood)

#asṛkātisāra (that with blood)

o pittātisāra (that with pitta) and  

#pittātisāra (that with pitta) and  

o kaphātisāra (that with kapha).

#kaphātisāra (that with kapha).

 Due to saṁsarga (mutual combinations of two) a total of fifteen variants occur, viz.

 

o āma-śakṛd, āma-vāta, āma-asṛk, āma-pitta, āma-kapha,

Due to saṁsarga (mutual combinations of two) a total of fifteen variants occur, viz.

o śakṛd-vāta, śakṛd-asṛk, śakṛd-pitta, śakṛd-kapha,

#āma-śakṛd, āma-vāta, āma-asṛk, āma-pitta, āma-kapha,

o vāta-asṛk, vāta-pitta, vāta-kapha,

#śakṛd-vāta, śakṛd-asṛk, śakṛd-pitta, śakṛd-kapha,

o asṛk-pitta, asṛk-kapha, and

#vāta-asṛk, vāta-pitta, vāta-kapha,

o pitta-kapha.

#asṛk-pitta, asṛk-kapha, and

#pitta-kapha.

 

Nine ''upadrava'' as cited above.

The upadravas in present version of chapter are ten. Gaṅgādhara has taken description of nine upadravas from another version.<ref>Agniveśa, Caraka, Dṛḍhabala; Caraka saṁhitā (only samskrita), 5th part, siddhisthāna, chapter 8/17 ; edited by Kaviraj shree Narendranath sen Gupta, and kaviraj shree Balaichandra sen Gupta, Rastriya Samskrita Samsthana, New Delhi, 2002; P 3739.,</ref> But upadravas cannot be counted among types of a disease. Hence the thirtysix variants would be in following manner.

The upadravas in present version of chapter are ten. Gaṅgādhara has taken description of nine upadravas from another version.<ref>Agniveśa, Caraka, Dṛḍhabala; Caraka saṁhitā (only samskrita), 5th part, siddhisthāna, chapter 8/17 ; edited by Kaviraj shree Narendranath sen Gupta, and kaviraj shree Balaichandra sen Gupta, Rastriya Samskrita Samsthana, New Delhi, 2002; P 3739.,</ref> But upadravas cannot be counted among types of a disease. Hence the thirtysix variants would be in following manner.

The six basic forms of atisāra are as mentioned above.

The six basic forms of atisāra are as mentioned above.

Due to saṁsarga (mutual combinations of two) atotal of thirtyvariants occur, viz. fifteen samsargas as mentioned above and other fifteen are as below:

Due to saṁsarga (mutual combinations of two) atotal of thirtyvariants occur, viz. fifteen samsargas as mentioned above and other fifteen are as below:

o śakṛd- āma, vāta-āma, asṛk-āma, pitta-āma, kapha-āma,

#śakṛd- āma, vāta-āma, asṛk-āma, pitta-āma, kapha-āma,

o vāta-śakṛd, asṛk-śakṛd, pitta-śakṛd, kapha-śakṛd,

#vāta-śakṛd, asṛk-śakṛd, pitta-śakṛd, kapha-śakṛd,

o asṛk-vāta, pitta-vāta, kapha-vāta,

#asṛk-vāta, pitta-vāta, kapha-vāta,

o pitta-asṛk, kapha-asṛk, and

#pitta-asṛk, kapha-asṛk, and

o kapha-pitta.

#kapha-pitta.

Moreover Caraka saṁhitā describes types of atisāra in its chapter 19th of Sūtrasthāna and 19th chapter of Cikitsāsthāna differently. <ref>Agniveśa, Caraka, Dṛḍhabala; Caraka saṁhitā, Sūtrasthāna, chapter 19/4/3; edited by Yadavji trikamji acharya; Munshiram Manoharlal publishers pvt. Ltd; 4th edition 1981; P 110.</ref>,<ref>Agniveśa, Caraka, Dṛḍhabala; Caraka saṁhitā, Cikitsāsthāna, chapter 19; edited by Yadavji trikamji acharya; Munshiram Manoharlal publishers pvt. Ltd; 4th edition 1981; P 547-549.</ref> The context of the topic atisāra in present chapter is absolutely different. Here it is described first as a complication of basti, which eloborted further in the chapter. In earlier sections atisāra was described as a primary disease manifested because of its own physical and mental etiological factors. (verse 21-22)

Moreover [[Charaka Samhita]] describes types of atisāra in its chapter 19th of [[Sutra Sthana]] and 19th chapter of [[Chikitsa Sthana]] differently. <ref>Agniveśa, Caraka, Dṛḍhabala; Caraka saṁhitā, Sūtrasthāna, chapter 19/4/3; edited by Yadavji trikamji acharya; Munshiram Manoharlal publishers pvt. Ltd; 4th edition 1981; P 110.</ref>,<ref>Agniveśa, Caraka, Dṛḍhabala; Caraka saṁhitā, Cikitsāsthāna, chapter 19; edited by Yadavji trikamji acharya; Munshiram Manoharlal publishers pvt. Ltd; 4th edition 1981; P 547-549.</ref> The context of the topic atisāra in present chapter is absolutely different. Here it is described first as a complication of basti, which eloborted further in the chapter. In earlier sections atisāra was described as a primary disease manifested because of its own physical and mental etiological factors. (verse 21-22)

Basic principle of treatment of every condition associated with āma is āmapāchana (termination of āma by promoting function of agni). For this purpose mustā, ativiṣā, kuṣṭha, nata, dāru and vacā (which are mentioned in 19th verse) are to be given. This combination may be given in form of powder or as decoction. This recipe is useful in āmātisāra every origin. (verse 23)

Basic principle of treatment of every condition associated with āma is āmapāchana (termination of āma by promoting function of agni). For this purpose mustā, ativiṣā, kuṣṭha, nata, dāru and vacā (which are mentioned in 19th verse) are to be given. This combination may be given in form of powder or as decoction. This recipe is useful in āmātisāra every origin. (verse 23)

In the 26th verse the possible combination are-

In the 26th verse the possible combination are-

1.āma is associated with śakṛt i.e.stool (āma is primary and stool is secondary)

#āma is associated with śakṛt i.e.stool (āma is primary and stool is secondary)

2.āma is associated with vāta (āma is primary and vāta is secondary)

#āma is associated with vāta (āma is primary and vāta is secondary)

3. śakṛt (stool) is associated with āma (stool is primary āma is secondary)

#śakṛt (stool) is associated with āma (stool is primary āma is secondary)

4.vāta is associated with āma  (vāta is primary and āma is secondary)

#vāta is associated with āma  (vāta is primary and āma is secondary)

 

In the 27th verse the possible combination are-

In the 27th verse the possible combination are-

1.āma is associated with pitta  (āma is primary and pitta is secondary)

#āma is associated with pitta  (āma is primary and pitta is secondary)

2.āma is associated with rakta (āma is primary and rakta is secondary)

#āma is associated with rakta (āma is primary and rakta is secondary)

3. pitta is associated with āma  (pitta is primary and āma is secondary)

#pitta is associated with āma  (pitta is primary and āma is secondary)

4.rakta is associated with āma (rakta is primary and āma is secondary)

#rakta is associated with āma (rakta is primary and āma is secondary)

 

In these conditions in mentioned in 26th verse, a drink prepared with trikaṭu, sour and salty substances is recommended. While the conditions mentioned in 27th verse, are manageable with adrink, prepared with trikaṭu, sweetand bitter substances is useful. (verse 26-27)

In these conditions in mentioned in 26th verse, a drink prepared with trikaṭu, sour and salty substances is recommended. While the conditions mentioned in 27th verse, are manageable with adrink, prepared with trikaṭu, sweetand bitter substances is useful. (verse 26-27)

The description of saṁsargaja atisāras continues in these verses 28-29. In the 28th verse, the possible combination are-

The description of saṁsargaja atisāras continues in these verses 28-29. In the 28th verse, the possible combination are-

1.āma is associated with kapha (āma is primary and kapha is secondary)

 

2.kapha is associated with āma (kapha is primary and āma is secondary)

#āma is associated with kapha (āma is primary and kapha is secondary)

#kapha is associated with āma (kapha is primary and āma is secondary)

 

In 1st condition the recommended basti is with trikaṭu, astringent and bitter substances while in 2nd condition with trikaṭu, astringent and salty medicines.

In 1st condition the recommended basti is with trikaṭu, astringent and bitter substances while in 2nd condition with trikaṭu, astringent and salty medicines.

In a pāthabheda (another version) of 29th verse<ref>Agniveśa, Caraka, Dṛḍhabala; Caraka saṁhitā (only samskrita), 5th part, siddhisthāna, chapter 8 (verse 23 in this version); edited by Kaviraj shree Narendranath sen Gupta, and kaviraj shree Balaichandra sen Gupta, Rastriya Samskrita Samsthana, New Delhi, 2002; P 3741.</ref>, rakta is also included. With this inclusion the the possible combination are-

In a pāthabheda (another version) of 29th verse<ref>Agniveśa, Caraka, Dṛḍhabala; Caraka saṁhitā (only samskrita), 5th part, siddhisthāna, chapter 8 (verse 23 in this version); edited by Kaviraj shree Narendranath sen Gupta, and kaviraj shree Balaichandra sen Gupta, Rastriya Samskrita Samsthana, New Delhi, 2002; P 3741.</ref>, rakta is also included. With this inclusion the the possible combination are-

1. śakṛt (stool) is associated with vāta  (stool is primary and vāta is secondary)

 

2. pitta is associated with vāta  (pitta is primary and vāta is secondary)

#śakṛt (stool) is associated with vāta  (stool is primary and vāta is secondary)

3. rakta is associated with vāta  (pitta is primary and āma is  secondary)  

#pitta is associated with vāta  (pitta is primary and vāta is secondary)

4. vāta  is associated withstool(vāta is primary and stool is secondary)

#rakta is associated with vāta  (pitta is primary and āma is  secondary)  

5. vāta  is associated with pitta (vāta is primary and pitta is secondary)

#vāta  is associated withstool(vāta is primary and stool is secondary)

6. vāta  is associated with rakta (vāta is primary and rakta is secondary)

#vāta  is associated with pitta (vāta is primary and pitta is secondary)

#vāta  is associated with rakta (vāta is primary and rakta is secondary)

 

In these pathological conditions a basti with sweet, sour and astringent materials is acclaimed. (verse 28-29)

In these pathological conditions a basti with sweet, sour and astringent materials is acclaimed. (verse 28-29)

The management of saṁsargaja atisāras further continues in these verses. In the 30th verse the possible combination are-

The management of saṁsargaja atisāras further continues in these verses. In the 30th verse the possible combination are-

1. rakta is associated with śakṛt i.e. stool(rakta is primary andstool is secondary)

#rakta is associated with śakṛt i.e. stool(rakta is primary andstool is secondary)

2. rakta is associated with pitta (rakta is primary and pitta is secondary)

#rakta is associated with pitta (rakta is primary and pitta is secondary)

3. śakṛt (stool) is associated with pitta (stool is primary and pitta is secondary)  

#śakṛt (stool) is associated with pitta (stool is primary and pitta is secondary)  

4. śakṛt stoolis associated with rakta (stool is primary and rakta is secondary)

#śakṛt stoolis associated with rakta (stool is primary and rakta is secondary)

5. pitta is associated with rakta (pitta is primary and rakta is secondary)

#pitta is associated with rakta (pitta is primary and rakta is secondary)

6. pitta  is associated with śakṛt stool (pitta is primary and stool is secondary)

#pitta  is associated with śakṛt stool (pitta is primary and stool is secondary)

 

In the 31st verse the possible combination are-

In the 31st verse the possible combination are-

1. stool is associated with kapha (stoolis primary and kapha is secondary)

#stool is associated with kapha (stoolis primary and kapha is secondary)

2. pitta is associated with kapha (pitta is primary and kapha is secondary)

#pitta is associated with kapha (pitta is primary and kapha is secondary)

3. kapha is associated with stool (kapha is primary andstool is secondary)  

#kapha is associated with stool (kapha is primary andstool is secondary)  

4. kapha is associated with pitta (kapha is primary and pitta is secondary)

#kapha is associated with pitta (kapha is primary and pitta is secondary)

5. kapha is associated with rakta (kapha is primary and rakta issecondary)

#kapha is associated with rakta (kapha is primary and rakta issecondary)

The conditions mentioned in 30th verse are managed by administration of basti prepared with astringent, sweet and bitter ingredients. While the pathologies in 31stverse, are manageable by a basti with trikaṭu, bitter and astringent ingredients. (verse 30-31)

The conditions mentioned in 30th verse are managed by administration of basti prepared with astringent, sweet and bitter ingredients. While the pathologies in 31stverse, are manageable by a basti with trikaṭu, bitter and astringent ingredients. (verse 30-31)