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<li>Assessment of body Temperature.</li>
<li>Assessment of body Temperature.</li>
<li>Subjective assessment of Agni-Self-Assessment Tool to Estimate Agnibala<ref name="ref25">Hua W, Fan LM, Dai R, et al. Comparison of two series of non-invasive instruments used for the skin physiological properties measurements: the DermaLab® from Cortex Technology vs. the series of detectors from Courage & Khazaka. Skin Res Technol. 2017;23(1):70-78.</ref> & CCRAS Agni assessment tool(http://www.ccras.res.in/ccras_sas/).</li></ul>Application of all such tests will serve as a powerful analytical tool for assessing pitta dosha.</div>
<li>Subjective assessment of Agni-Self-Assessment Tool to Estimate Agnibala<ref name="ref25">Hua W, Fan LM, Dai R, et al. Comparison of two series of non-invasive instruments used for the skin physiological properties measurements: the DermaLab® from Cortex Technology vs. the series of detectors from Courage & Khazaka. Skin Res Technol. 2017;23(1):70-78.</ref> & CCRAS Agni assessment tool(http://www.ccras.res.in/ccras_sas/).</li></ul>Application of all such tests will serve as a powerful analytical tool for assessing pitta dosha.</div>
== Treatment ==
<div style='text-align:justify;'>To manage and prevent disease, the clinician shall follow the theory of similarity and dissimilarity (samanya vishesha siddhanta). Avoiding diet and lifestyle factors similar to properties of pitta dosha is required to pacify it. Contrarily, the decline of pitta dosha is treated by consuming foods and lifestyles that stimulate it. Therapeutic purgation (virechana) is the best intervention indicated for vitiated pitta.[Cha.Sa. Sutra Sthana 20/16] [Cha. Sa. Sutra Sthana 25/40] <br/>Ingestion of milk and ghee (ghrita) is best for the treatment of pitta. [Cha. Sa. Sutra Sthana 25/40] [A.Hr. Sutra Sthana 13/4-9]<ref name="ref8"/> <br/>The herbs having sweet, bitter, astringent, and cold qualities used in single or combination along with therapies like oleation, purgation, massage and shower etc. are helpful in the treatment of pitta disorders. [Cha.Sa. Sutra Sthana 20/16] [K.S. Sutra Sthana 27/39]<ref name="ref9"/>
<br/>'''Dietary modification:''' Three tastes (rasa) that help in controlling the vitiated pitta are – sweet (madhura), bitter (tikta) and astringent (kashaya). [Cha.Sa. Sutra Sthana 1/66] [A.Hr. Sutra Sthana 13/4-9]<ref name="ref8"/>
<br/>'''Lifestyle modification:'''Following modifications in lifestyles and measures help to maintain equilibrium of pitta dosha and manage its disorders.
<ul><li>Frequent application of paste of cool substances like kapur (camphor), Chandana (sandalwood), and ushira (Khashkhash grass) over body </li>
<li>Sitting in the moonlight in the evening</li>
<li>Listening to lovely and soothing music</li>
<li>Exposing to soft cool air</li>
<li>Companionship of individuals who talk honestly and innocuously</li>
<li>Living near ponds, parks, and fountains with fresh water</li>
<li>Wearing garlands/necklaces with appealing and cooling nature.[A.Hr. Sutra Sthana 13/4-9]<ref name="ref8"/></li></ul></div>
== Current researches ==
=== Analysis of physiology of vision: ===
<div style='text-align:justify;'>Ayurveda describes the entire visual process in terms of vata and pitta dosha. Vata is responsible for excellence of vision (aksha patavam) and pitta dosha is responsible for vision (darshana); particularly, alochaka pitta.<ref name="ref26">Singh A, Singh G, Patwardhan K, Gehlot S. Development, Validation, and Verification of a Self-Assessment Tool to Estimate Agnibala (Digestive Strength). Journal of Evidence-Based Complementary & Alternative Medicine. 2017;22(1):134-140.</ref></div>
=== Functions of pitta dosha as per gender and prakriti: ===
<div style='text-align:justify;'>This study determines the variance in the functional condition of various pitta forms using objective metrics in 201 young, healthy volunteers. For pachaka pitta, serum lipids, cholesterol, total protein, and glucose levels were assessed.For ranjaka pitta, haemoglobin concentration;for alochaka pitta, visual acuity; for sadhaka pitta, memory, and response time, and for bhrajaka pitta, Red-Green-Blue(RGB) value were evaluated. Except for bhrajaka pitta, each type of pitta had a separate functional status in each prakriti for both genders.Study suggested that while organizing and assessing research based on prakriti, gender inequalities be taken into account.<ref name="ref27">Balakrishnan P, Ashwini MJ. Conceptual analysis of Physiology of vision in Ayurveda. J Ayurveda Integr Med. 2014;5(3):190-196. </ref></div>
=== Pitta detection using finger photoplethysmography: ===
<div style='text-align:justify;'>According to the study, an increase in pitta level causes changes in the finger pulse profile features. Some of the selected features, such as A2/A1 of the middle finger and TP2/TPT of the ring finger in both the left and right hands of all three participants, demonstrated a monotonic decrease in variance. According to the study, this change is noticeable primarily in the TP2/TPT feature of the right hand's ring finger due to elevated pitta levels.<ref name="ref28">Agrawal S, Gehlot S. Variations in the functions of Pitta Dosha as per gender and Prakriti. TANG [HUMANITAS MEDICINE] [Internet]. 2017 Nov 30;7(4):18.1-18.8.</ref></div>
=== Analysis of pitta imbalance using machine learning algorithm: ===
<div style='text-align:justify;'>This work focused on evaluating pitta imbalance using a machine learning method and gives fresh insights into pitta dosha analysis utilising real-time pitta datasets and machine learning technologies. Pitta dosha was assessed using the Support Vector Machine (SVM). The work used real-time pitta datasets and machine learning approaches to analyse pitta dosha in 152 healthy subjects. The study revealed that lifestyle modifications had an effect on the vata-pitta dosha.<ref name="ref29">Singh M, Chauhan B. High pitta detection using finger photo plethysmograph based features: a feasibility study. International Journal of Computer Science and Communication. 2012;3:73-5. </ref></div>
== Theses done ==
<ol style='text-align:justify;'><li>Thamman R.K.(1996): Ranjaka pitta ka vaigyanika vivechnatmak adhyayana( yakrit ke paripreshya me), Dept. of Kriya Sharir, NIA Jaipur.</li>
<li>Chhimpa R.(2019): Physiological study of drava and ushna guna of pitta and their applied aspect with clinical evaluation of khanda-kushmanda avaleha and patoladi kwatha in amlapitta,Dept. of Kriya Sharir, NIA Jaipur. This study concluded that guna-based research is useful for determining the appropriate medication to administer in a particular state.</li>
<li>Gautam V.J. (2020): A study on effects of transcendental meditation on healthy volunteers with special reference to sadhaka pitta in ayurveda, Department of Rachana Sharir, B.H.U. This study concluded that by increasing the mental fortitude (sattva) among the healthy volunteers, Transcendental Meditation may be used to regulate and maintain mental health (sadhaka pitta functions) as well as minimize the reactivity to stressful situations.</li></ol>
== Future area of research ==
<div style='text-align:justify;'>The critical area of research is the preparation of a validated and standardization of questionnaires for assessment of states like pitta kshaya, vriddhi, and normal functioning of pitta. Guna based assessment of pitta is needed. Evaluation of digestive functions in various disorders like hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism will help understand the pitta's normal and abnormal functioning. Assessment of pitta state in various physiological and emotional states like anger, sorrow, pleasure, pain through subjective and objective methods. Pitta assessment in criminals may be helpful in counseling and understanding their nature. This may be useful in planning diet and behavioral therapy too. Profession wise pitta assessment may be helpful to choose the best and most suitable profession for the individual. </div>
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