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→Halimaka
''Halimaka'' is a further stage of ''pandu''. Reduced oxygen carrying capacity of blood (reduced ''jeevan karma'') causes depletion of strength and work capacity. This further leads to lack of libido and bodyache. Condition resembles cholestasis. Bile stasis and back pressure leads to liver failure which leads to the further symptoms of ''halimaka'' or sclerosing cholangitis. It is characterized by severe fatigue (''bala utsaha hani''), jaundice (''harita pita meda''), dark urine, cirrhosis, portal hypertension and hepato-megaly.
''Halimaka'' is a further stage of ''pandu''. Reduced oxygen carrying capacity of blood (reduced ''jeevan karma'') causes depletion of strength and work capacity. This further leads to lack of libido and bodyache. Condition resembles cholestasis. Bile stasis and back pressure leads to liver failure which leads to the further symptoms of ''halimaka'' or sclerosing cholangitis. It is characterized by severe fatigue (''bala utsaha hani''), jaundice (''harita pita meda''), dark urine, cirrhosis, portal hypertension and hepato-megaly.
==== ''Panaki'' ====
''Panaki'', another disease in same context of ''halimaka'', explains the condition of malabsorption especially of fat due to lack of bile juice in digestion due to obstruction which leads to steatorrhoea (''bhinna varcha''). Reduced fat absorption leads to deficiency of fat soluble vitamins such as A, D, E and K.
==== ''Kumbha Kamala'' ====
The description of ''kumbha kamala'' denotes the advanced stage of ''Kostha-shakhasrita kamala'' wherein the main seat of pathology is situated somewhere in the gastro-intestinal tract. ''Kumbha'' is one of the synonyms of ''koshtha''. Edema is described as one of the important clinical features of ''kumbha kamala'' (Su. Utt. 44).
Both types of ''kamala'', if not treated convert into difficult to treat and hardened skin. ''Kumbha kamala'' could also refer to the presentation of the patient having distended abdomen i.e. ascitis, which is one of the important clinical feature of liver diseases, which are also the main cause of jaundice.
Liver is the main seat for a number of functions and when it gets severely deranged the liver functions are affected. The clinical picture of ''kumbha kamala'' corresponds to these as observed below.
==== Current clinical practices in treatment of ''pandu'' and ''kamala'' ( referred from Chikitsa Pradeep) ====
==== Current clinical practices in treatment of ''pandu'' and ''kamala'' ( referred from Chikitsa Pradeep) ====