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{{#seo:

{{#seo:

|title=Menopausal Syndrome

|title=Menopausal Syndrome

|image_alt=charak samhita

|image_alt=charak samhita

|type=article}}

|type=article}}

<div style="text-align:justify;">

<p style="text-align:justify;">Menopause is a natural consequence of the aging process. It is a state of deficiency of female sex hormones, estrogen, and progesterone due to the reduced activities of ovaries. The permanent cessation of menstrual bleeding characterizes it. Some women do not experience any associated symptoms or very mild symptoms only. However, some women suffer from severe discomfort during menopause, which negatively impacts their quality of life.  Management of menopausal syndrome is vital for the preservation of health and prevention of disorders in old age.  

Menopause is a natural consequence of the aging process. It is a state of deficiency of female sex hormones, estrogen, and progesterone due to the reduced activities of ovaries. The permanent cessation of menstrual bleeding characterizes it. Some women do not experience any associated symptoms or very mild symptoms only. However, some women suffer from severe discomfort during menopause, which negatively impacts their quality of life.  Management of menopausal syndrome is vital for the preservation of health and prevention of disorders in old age.  

 

Menstruation is termed as ‘artava’ or ‘raja pravritti’ in Sanskrit. Its cessation (nivrutti) is known as menopause (rajonivrutti). The clinical features during menopause are collectively known as a menopausal syndrome. This article describes Ayurvedic perspective of pathophysiology and management of menopausal syndrome.  

Menstruation is termed as ‘artava’ or ‘raja pravritti’ in Sanskrit. Its cessation (nivrutti) is known as menopause (rajonivrutti). The clinical features during menopause are collectively known as a menopausal syndrome. This article describes Ayurvedic perspective of pathophysiology and management of menopausal syndrome.  

</div>

</p>

{{Infobox

{{Infobox

|label2 = Authors

|label2 = Authors

|data2 = Anagha S.¹, Deole Y.S.¹

|data2 = Anagha S.¹, [[Yogesh Deole|Deole Y.S.]]¹

|label3 = Reviewer and Editor  

|label3 = Reviewer and Editor  

|data3 = Basisht G.¹

|data3 = [[Gopal Basisht|Basisht G.]]¹

|label4 = Affiliations

|label4 = Affiliations

|data6 = carakasamhita@gmail.com

|data6 = carakasamhita@gmail.com

|label7 = Date of first publication:

|label7 = Publisher

|data7 = July 15, 2021

|label8 = DOI

 

|data8 = under process

|label8 = Date of first publication:

|data8 = July 15, 2021

|label9 = DOI

|data9 = 10.47468/CSNE.2021.e01.s09.067

}}

}}

==Age of onset ==

==Age of onset ==

==Contemporary approach==

==Contemporary approach==

===Diagnosis of menopause:===  

=== Diagnosis of menopause ===  

A woman is noted to have attained menopause only retrospectively. It is diagnosed when there is the cessation of menstruation for 12 consecutive months in a woman of the climacteric period.

A woman is noted to have attained menopause only retrospectively. It is diagnosed when there is the cessation of menstruation for 12 consecutive months in a woman of the climacteric period.

==Current Research==

==Current Research==

*The modified Kupperman index, Menopause Rating Scale(MRS), MENQOL Questionnaire, etc. are the most widely used and internationally accepted scales used for research related to menopause and associated conditions.  

*The modified Kupperman index, Menopause Rating Scale(MRS), MENQOL Questionnaire, etc. are the most widely used and internationally accepted scales used for research related to menopause and associated conditions.<ref>MinFang Tao et al, Correlation between the modified Kupperman Index and the Menopause Rating Scale in Chinese women, Patient Preference and Adherence 2013:7 223–229.</ref> <ref>T. Gazibara, N. Kovacevic, S. Nurkovic, I. Kurtagic, S. Radovanovic, B. Rancic, M. Terzic & J. Dotlic (2018): Menopause-specific Quality of Life Questionnaire: factor and Rasch analytic approach, Climacteric, DOI: 10.1080/13697137.2018.1535585</ref>

*The role of complementary and alternative therapies is well known in managing menopausal symptoms. A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled clinical trials (RCTs) showed yoga therapy is effective and safe for reducing menopausal symptoms.  

*The role of complementary and alternative therapies is well known in managing menopausal symptoms. A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled clinical trials (RCTs) showed yoga therapy is effective and safe for reducing menopausal symptoms.<ref>Cramer H, Peng W, Lauche R. Yoga for menopausal symptoms-A systematic review and meta-analysis. Maturitas. 2018 Mar;109:13-25. doi: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2017.12.005. Epub 2017 Dec 6. PMID: 29452777.</ref>

*A clinical trial was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of Shirodhara and Saraswatarishta compared to hormone replacement therapy (HRT) in the management of menopausal syndrome. The study showed promising results, especially in managing the psychological symptoms related to menopause.  

*A clinical trial was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of Shirodhara and Saraswatarishta compared to hormone replacement therapy (HRT) in the management of menopausal syndrome. The study showed promising results, especially in managing the psychological symptoms related to menopause.<ref>Santwani K, Shukla VD, Santwani MA, Thaker G. An assessment of Manasika Bhavas in menopausal syndrome and its management. Ayu. 2010;31(3):311-318. doi:10.4103/0974-8520.77156</ref>

*Various research studies have shown the efficacy of rejuvenation therapy(rasayana) using the oral administration of different herbal drugs. Some studies are being conducted on a combination of procedures like therapeutic enema (basti), nasal administration (nasya) etc.

*Various research studies have shown the efficacy of rejuvenation therapy(rasayana) using the oral administration of different herbal drugs.<ref>Krithika Chaudhary, A clinical study on Menopausal syndrome and its management by Vayasthapanagana Ghana Vati and Rasayanakalpa Vati’, PG Thesis,Department of Prasuti tantra and stree roga, IPGT &RA, Jamnagar,2015.</ref> Some studies are being conducted on a combination of procedures like therapeutic enema (basti), nasal administration (nasya) etc.

==List of thesis works done==

==List of thesis works done==

29. Anusree K M (2017): Effect of Yashtimadhu Churna with Ksheera in Perimenopausal Symptoms, Department of Prasuti tantra and stree roga, Govt. Ayurveda College, Thiruvananthapuram.

29. Anusree K M (2017): Effect of Yashtimadhu Churna with Ksheera in Perimenopausal Symptoms, Department of Prasuti tantra and stree roga, Govt. Ayurveda College, Thiruvananthapuram.

==References==

==References==