Changes

*Sudden interchange/ alternate consumption of nourishing and depleting diets (change is diet qualities);

*Sudden interchange/ alternate consumption of nourishing and depleting diets (change is diet qualities);

*Continuous and excessive intake of following articles  

*Continuous and excessive intake of following articles  

• madhu (honey ), phanita (pendium),

**''Madhu'' (honey ), ''phanita'' (pendium), ''matsya'' (fish), ''lakucha'' (Artocarpus lakooch Roxb), ''mulaka'' (radish) and ''kakamach'' (Solanum nigrum Linn);

matsya (fish), lakucha (Artocarpus lakooch Roxb) ,

*Continuous over-eating  

mulaka (radish) and kakamach (Solanum nigrum Linn);

*Eating while in state of indigestion  

• continuous over-eating  

*Eating ''Chilichima'' (a type of fish) along with milk;  

• eating while in state of indigestion  

*Intake of foods mostly consisting of cereals like ''hayanaka, yavaka''(barley), ''chinaka, uddalaka, koradusha'' (Paspalums corbiculatum Linn.) along with ''kshira'' (milk), ''dadhi''(curd), ''takra''( butter milk), ''kola'' (Indian jujube, zyziphus jujube Lam), ''kulattha'' (Dulicus biflorus Linn), ''masha'' (Black gram,Phaseolus radiates Linn), ''atasi'' (linseed, Linunusit atissimum Linn), ''kusumbha''(Carthamustinctorius Linn ) and unctuous  articles.  

• Eating Chilichima (a type of fish) along with milk;  

*Excessive indulgence in sexual intercourse, physical exercise and exposure to heat after consuming the above mentioned food to one’s over-satisfaction.

• Intake of foods mostly consisting of cereals like hayanaka,

*A person suffering from fear, exhaustion or grief suddenly enters into the cold water (cold water bath).  

yavaka(Barley), chinaka, uddalaka, koradusha (Paspalums corbiculatum Linn.) along with kshira (milk),  

*Without vomiting (expelling) out undigested food, if a person consumes food which causes burning sensation(''vidahi''),  

dadhi( Curd), takra( butter milk),  

*suppression of vomiting urge,  

kola (Indian jujube, zyziphus jujube Lam)

*indulges in excessive oleation,  

kulattha (Dulicus biflorus Linn),  

 

masha (Black gram,Phaseolus radiates Linn)  

Above causative factors lead to simultaneous aggravation of all the ''tridosha'', weakness in the skin etc. four ''dushyas''. Aggravated ''doshas'' lodge themselves in these weakened factors and after localization, further vitiate them and manifest ''kushtha''. [6]

atasi (linseed, Linunusit atissimum Linn),  

 

kusumbha(Carthamustinctorius Linn ) and unctuous  articles.  

==== Premonitory signs of ''kushtha'' ====

• Excessive indulgence in sexual intercourse, physical exercise and exposure to heat after consuming the above mentioned food to one’s over-satisfaction.

 

• A person suffering from fear, exhaustion or grief suddenly enters into the cold water (cold water bath).  

• Without vomiting (expelling) out undigested food, if a person consumes food which causes burning sensation(vidahi),  

• suppression of vomiting urge,  

• indulges in excessive oleation,  

Above causative factors lead to simultaneous aggravation of all the tri-dosha, weakness in the skin etc. four dushyas. Aggravated doshas lodge themselves in these weakened factors and after localization, further vitiate them and manifest kushtha. [6]

Premonitory signs of kushtha:

तेषामिमानि पूर्वरूपाणि भवन्ति; तद्यथा- अस्वेदनमतिस्वेदनं पारुष्यमतिश्लक्ष्णता वैवर्ण्यं कण्डूर्निस्तोदः सुप्तता परिदाहः परिहर्षो लोमहर्षः खरत्वमूष्मायणं गौरवं श्वयथुर्वीसर्पागमनमभीक्ष्णं च कायेकायच्छिद्रेषूपदेहः पक्वदग्धदष्टभग्नक्षतोपस्खलितेष्वतिमात्रं वेदना स्वल्पानामपि च व्रणानां दुष्टिरसंरोहणं चेति||७||  

तेषामिमानि पूर्वरूपाणि भवन्ति; तद्यथा- अस्वेदनमतिस्वेदनं पारुष्यमतिश्लक्ष्णता वैवर्ण्यं कण्डूर्निस्तोदः सुप्तता परिदाहः परिहर्षो लोमहर्षः खरत्वमूष्मायणं गौरवं श्वयथुर्वीसर्पागमनमभीक्ष्णं च कायेकायच्छिद्रेषूपदेहः पक्वदग्धदष्टभग्नक्षतोपस्खलितेष्वतिमात्रं वेदना स्वल्पानामपि च व्रणानां दुष्टिरसंरोहणं चेति||७||  

tēṣāmimāni pūrvarūpāṇi bhavanti; tadyathā- asvēdanamatisvēdanaṁ pāruṣyamatiślakṣṇatā vaivarṇyaṁkaṇḍūrnistōdaḥ suptatā paridāhaḥ pariharṣō lōmaharṣaḥ kharatvamūṣmāyaṇaṁ gauravaṁśvayathurvīsarpāgamanamabhīkṣṇaṁ ca kāyē kāyacchidrēṣūpadēhaḥpakvadagdhadaṣṭabhagnakṣatōpaskhalitēṣvatimātraṁ vēdanā svalpānāmapi ca vraṇānāṁduṣṭirasaṁrōhaṇaṁ cēti||7||

tēṣāmimāni pūrvarūpāṇi bhavanti; tadyathā- asvēdanamatisvēdanaṁ pāruṣyamatiślakṣṇatā vaivarṇyaṁkaṇḍūrnistōdaḥ suptatā paridāhaḥ pariharṣō lōmaharṣaḥ kharatvamūṣmāyaṇaṁ gauravaṁśvayathurvīsarpāgamanamabhīkṣṇaṁ ca kāyē kāyacchidrēṣūpadēhaḥpakvadagdhadaṣṭabhagnakṣatōpaskhalitēṣvatimātraṁ vēdanā svalpānāmapi ca vraṇānāṁduṣṭirasaṁrōhaṇaṁ cēti||7||

teShAmimAnipUrvarUpANibhavanti; tadyathA- asvedanamatisvedanaMpAruShyamatishlakShNatAvaivarNyaMkaNDUrnistodaHsuptatAparidAhaHpariharSholomaharShaHkharatvamUShmAyaNaMgauravaMshvayathurvIsarpAgamanamabhIkShNaMcakAyekAyacchidreShUpadehaHpakvadagdhadaShTabhagnakShatopaskhaliteShvatimAtraMvedanAsvalpAnAmapicavraNAnAMduShTirasaMrohaNaMceti||7||  

teShAmimAnipUrvarUpANibhavanti; tadyathA- asvedanamatisvedanaMpAruShyamatishlakShNatAvaivarNyaMkaNDUrnistodaHsuptatAparidAhaHpariharSholomaharShaHkharatvamUShmAyaNaMgauravaMshvayathurvIsarpAgamanamabhIkShNaMcakAyekAyacchidreShUpadehaHpakvadagdhadaShTabhagnakShatopaskhaliteShvatimAtraMvedanAsvalpAnAmapicavraNAnAMduShTirasaMrohaNaMceti||7||  

The clinical manifestations of skin diseases are preceded by or associated with loss or excessive sweating (at the site of localization of vitiates doshas) , excess rough or excess smooth skin, discoloration, itching, pricking sensation, numbness, severe burning sensation, tingling sensation, goose bumps, xerosis on palpation, hot flashes, heaviness, swelling, if there is tenderness it indicates the possibility of suppurated, burnt, bitten, broken, injured and dislocated parts and even smaller ulcers become chronic, non healing.[7]

The clinical manifestations of skin diseases are preceded by or associated with loss or excessive sweating (at the site of localization of vitiates ''doshas''), excess rough or excess smooth skin, discoloration, itching, pricking sensation, numbness, severe burning sensation, tingling sensation, goose bumps, xerosis on palpation, hot flashes, heaviness, swelling, if there is tenderness it indicates the possibility of suppurated, burnt, bitten, broken, injured and dislocated parts and even smaller ulcers become chronic, non healing.[7]

 

ततोऽनन्तरं कुष्ठान्यभिनिर्वर्तन्ते, तेषामिदं वेदनावर्णसंस्थानप्रभावनामविशेषविज्ञानं भवति; तद्यथा- रूक्षारुणपरुषाणि विषमविसृतानि खरपर्यन्तानि तनून्युद्वृत्तबहिस्तनूनि  सुप्तवत्सुप्तानि हृषितलोमाचितानि निस्तोदबहुलान्यल्पकण्डूदाहपूयलसीकान्याशुगतिसमुत्थानान्याशुभेदीनि जन्तुमन्ति कृष्णारुणकपालवर्णानि च कपालकुष्ठानीति विद्यात्(१);

ततोऽनन्तरं कुष्ठान्यभिनिर्वर्तन्ते, तेषामिदं वेदनावर्णसंस्थानप्रभावनामविशेषविज्ञानं भवति; तद्यथा- रूक्षारुणपरुषाणि विषमविसृतानि खरपर्यन्तानि तनून्युद्वृत्तबहिस्तनूनि  सुप्तवत्सुप्तानि हृषितलोमाचितानि निस्तोदबहुलान्यल्पकण्डूदाहपूयलसीकान्याशुगतिसमुत्थानान्याशुभेदीनि जन्तुमन्ति कृष्णारुणकपालवर्णानि च कपालकुष्ठानीति विद्यात्(१);

tatō'nantaraṁ kuṣṭhānyabhinirvartantē, tēṣāmidaṁ vēdanāvarṇasaṁsthānaprabhāvanāmaviśēṣavijñānaṁbhavati; tadyathā- rūkṣāruṇaparuṣāṇi viṣamavisr̥tāni kharaparyantāni tanūnyudvr̥ttabahistanūni [1]suptavatsuptāni [2] hr̥ṣitalōmācitāninistōdabahulānyalpakaṇḍūdāhapūyalasīkānyāśugatisamutthānānyāśubhēdīni jantumantikr̥ṣṇāruṇakapālavarṇāni ca kapālakuṣṭhānīti vidyāt(1);  

tatō'nantaraṁ kuṣṭhānyabhinirvartantē, tēṣāmidaṁ vēdanāvarṇasaṁsthānaprabhāvanāmaviśēṣavijñānaṁbhavati; tadyathā- rūkṣāruṇaparuṣāṇi viṣamavisr̥tāni kharaparyantāni tanūnyudvr̥ttabahistanūni [1]suptavatsuptāni [2] hr̥ṣitalōmācitāninistōdabahulānyalpakaṇḍūdāhapūyalasīkānyāśugatisamutthānānyāśubhēdīni jantumantikr̥ṣṇāruṇakapālavarṇāni ca kapālakuṣṭhānīti vidyāt(1);  

tato~anantaraMkuShThanyabhinirvartante, teShAmidaMvedanAvarNasaMsthAnaprabhAvanAmavisheShavij~jAnaM

tato~anantaraMkuShThanyabhinirvartante, teShAmidaMvedanAvarNasaMsthAnaprabhAvanAmavisheShavij~jAnaM

bhavati; tadyathA- rUkShAruNaparuShANiviShamavisRutAnikharaparyantAnitanUnyudvRuttabahistanUnisuptavatsuptAnihRuShitalomAcitAni nistodabahulAnyalpakaNDUdAhapUyalasIkAnyAshugatisamutthAnAnyAshubhedIni jantumantikRuShNAruNakapAlavarNAnicakapAlakuShThanItividyAt(1);

bhavati; tadyathA- rUkShAruNaparuShANiviShamavisRutAnikharaparyantAnitanUnyudvRuttabahistanUnisuptavatsuptAnihRuShitalomAcitAni nistodabahulAnyalpakaNDUdAhapUyalasIkAnyAshugatisamutthAnAnyAshubhedIni jantumantikRuShNAruNakapAlavarNAnicakapAlakuShThanItividyAt(1);

Thereafter (above pathogenesis), kushtha is manifested. The specific diagnosis (of types) for nomenclature is based upon sensation, discoloration, site of lesion, effect of lesion.   

Thereafter (above pathogenesis), ''kushtha'' is manifested. The specific diagnosis (of types) for nomenclature is based upon sensation, discoloration, site of lesion, effect of lesion.  

Kapala kushtha has the following specific manifestations:

   

''Kapala kushtha'' has the following specific manifestations:

Dry, crimson red in color, coarse, unevenly spread, having rough edges, thin and slightly elevated periphery, severe numbness, covered with bristling hair, afflicted with extreme piercing pain, having mild itching, burning sensation, less serous & pus discharge, having acute manifestation and quick progression, are infested with maggots  and appear like a black or blackish red piece of broken earthen pot.(1)

Dry, crimson red in color, coarse, unevenly spread, having rough edges, thin and slightly elevated periphery, severe numbness, covered with bristling hair, afflicted with extreme piercing pain, having mild itching, burning sensation, less serous and pus discharge, having acute manifestation and quick progression, are infested with maggots  and appear like a black or blackish red piece of broken earthen pot.(1)

Audumbar kushtha: ताम्राणि ताम्रखररोमराजीभिरवनद्धानिबहलानि बहुबहलपूयरक्तलसीकानि कण्डूक्लेदकोथदाहपाकवन्त्याशुगतिसमुत्थानभेदीनि ससन्तापक्रिमीणि पक्वोदुम्बरफलवर्णान्यौदुम्बरकुष्ठानीति विद्यात्

==== ''Audumbar kushtha'' ====

(२);

 

ताम्राणि ताम्रखररोमराजीभिरवनद्धानिबहलानि बहुबहलपूयरक्तलसीकानि कण्डूक्लेदकोथदाहपाकवन्त्याशुगतिसमुत्थानभेदीनि ससन्तापक्रिमीणि पक्वोदुम्बरफलवर्णान्यौदुम्बरकुष्ठानीति विद्यात् (२);

tāmrāṇi tāmrakhararōmarājībhiravanaddhānibahalāni bahubahalapūyaraktalasīkāni kaṇḍūklēdakōthadāhapākavantyāśugatisamutthānabhēdīnisasantāpakrimīṇi pakvōdumbaraphalavarṇānyaudumbarakuṣṭhānīti vidyāt(2);

tāmrāṇi tāmrakhararōmarājībhiravanaddhānibahalāni bahubahalapūyaraktalasīkāni kaṇḍūklēdakōthadāhapākavantyāśugatisamutthānabhēdīnisasantāpakrimīṇi pakvōdumbaraphalavarṇānyaudumbarakuṣṭhānīti vidyāt(2);

tAmrANitAmrakhararomarAjIbhiravanaddhAnibahalAnibahubahalapUyaraktalasIkAnikaNDUkledakothadAhapAkavantyAshugatisamutthAnabhedInisasantApaKrimiNipakvodumbaraphalavarNAnyaudumbarakuShThanItividyAt(2);

tAmrANitAmrakhararomarAjIbhiravanaddhAnibahalAnibahubahalapUyaraktalasIkAnikaNDUkledakothadAhapAkavantyAshugatisamutthAnabhedInisasantApaKrimiNipakvodumbaraphalavarNAnyaudumbarakuShThanItividyAt(2);

Audumbara kushtha has following features:

Audumbara kushtha has following features:

The colur of affected part of skin is coppery, covered with coppery-rough (thick) hair, have plenty of thick discharge of pus, blood and lymph accompanied with itching, moistened, sloughing, burning sensation and suppuration, having acute manifestation and quick progression, associated with rise in temperature and infested with maggots, appear like the ripe fruit of Udumbara (Ficus racemosa Linn) in color.(2)

The colur of affected part of skin is coppery, covered with coppery-rough (thick) hair, have plenty of thick discharge of pus, blood and lymph accompanied with itching, moistened, sloughing, burning sensation and suppuration, having acute manifestation and quick progression, associated with rise in temperature and infested with maggots, appear like the ripe fruit of Udumbara (Ficus racemosa Linn) in color.(2)