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→2. Udumbara kuṣṭha
It is ''rūkṣa, paruṣa, khara'' in nature which signifies the increase of ''rūkṣa, khara guna'' at the level of skin. Roughness, dryness increases when there is destruction of sweat glands (''dusti'' of ''ambu dhatu''), decrease in essential fatty acids (reduce ''snigdhata'' of ''meda'', in turn, of ''kapha''), proliferation of keratinocytes. Primary lesion manifest in the form of dry, rough and blackish brownish color. Secondary lesion includes loss of sensation (due to degeneration of nerve endings or less nutrition to the nerve tissue due to atherosclerosis or reduce blood supply) severe pricking pain (''nistōda'') itching, burning sensation and pustular presentation. Thus conditions of non erythematous eczema, keratosis, atrophic actinic keratosis, non hypertrophic keratosis, seborrhic conditions can be understood in ''kapāla kushtha''.
It is ''rūkṣa, paruṣa, khara'' in nature which signifies the increase of ''rūkṣa, khara guna'' at the level of skin. Roughness, dryness increases when there is destruction of sweat glands (''dusti'' of ''ambu dhatu''), decrease in essential fatty acids (reduce ''snigdhata'' of ''meda'', in turn, of ''kapha''), proliferation of keratinocytes. Primary lesion manifest in the form of dry, rough and blackish brownish color. Secondary lesion includes loss of sensation (due to degeneration of nerve endings or less nutrition to the nerve tissue due to atherosclerosis or reduce blood supply) severe pricking pain (''nistōda'') itching, burning sensation and pustular presentation. Thus conditions of non erythematous eczema, keratosis, atrophic actinic keratosis, non hypertrophic keratosis, seborrhic conditions can be understood in ''kapāla kushtha''.
===== 2. Udumbara kuṣṭha =====
===== 2. ''Udumbara kushtha'' =====
It is ''pitta'' dominated ''kuṣṭha''. Hyper-pigmentation, increased vaso-congestion, burning, pain and pus formation are the symptoms and signs.
Primary lesion manifest as red in color associated with pus, burning sensation caused mainly due to ''pitta'' and ''rakta''. ''Usna'' and ''tiksna guna'' is responsible for the same.
Secondary lesion include ''kleda, kotha,'' body hair attains brownish color, excessive secretion due to ''sasneha, sara'' and ''drava guna'' of ''pitta'' and ''rakta''.
Thus infective and inflammatory phase is being explained. Increased flow of inflammatory factors causes rise in temperature, redness and burning sensation. Eczema is inflammation of the skin. It is characterized by erythematous, vesicular, weeping, itchy and crusting patches. The condition is caused by dysfunctional interplay between the immune system and skin.
Thus infective and inflammatory phase is being explained. Increased flow of inflammatory factors causes rise in temperature, redness and burning sensation. Eczema is inflammation of the skin. It is characterized by erythematous, vesicular, weeping, itchy and crusting patches. The condition is caused by dysfunctional interplay between the immune system and skin.
Dyshidrosis, discoid eczema, venous eczema, dermatitis herpetiformis, autoeczematization, eczema overlaid by viral infections can be understood under Udumbara kuṣṭha.
Dyshidrosis, discoid eczema, venous eczema, dermatitis herpetiformis, autoeczematization, eczema overlaid by viral infections can be understood under ''udumbara kushtha''.
===== 3. Mandala Kuṣṭha =====
===== 3. Mandala Kuṣṭha =====