Changes

{{#seo:

{{#seo:

|title=Khuddakachatushpada Adhyaya

|title=Khuddakachatushpada Adhyaya

|titlemode=append

|titlemode=append

|keywords=Healthcare management, qualities of physician, patient, medicine, care taker/nurse, royal physician, vaidya, quacks, attitude towards patient, good clinical practice

|keywords=Healthcare management, qualities of physician, patient, medicine, care taker/nurse, royal physician, vaidya, quacks, attitude towards patient, good clinical practice, Ayurveda, Indian system of medicine, charak samhita.

|description=Sutra Sthana Chapter 9.The four fundamental components of Healthcare

|description=Sutra Sthana Chapter 9.The four fundamental components of Healthcare

}}

}}

<big>'''Sutra Sthana Chapter 9.The four fundamental components of Healthcare '''</big>

<big>'''Sutra Sthana Chapter 9.The four fundamental components of Healthcare '''</big>

{{Infobox

{{Infobox

|title =  Khuddakachatushpada Adhyaya

|title =  Khuddakachatushpada Adhyaya

|label5 = Other Sections

|label5 = Other Sections

|data5 = [[Nidana Sthana]], [[Vimana Sthana]],  [[Sharira Sthana]],  [[Indriya Sthana]], [[Chikitsa Sthana]], [[Kalpa Sthana]], [[Siddhi Sthana]]

|data5 = [[Nidana Sthana]], [[Vimana Sthana]],  [[Sharira Sthana]],  [[Indriya Sthana]], [[Chikitsa Sthana]], [[Kalpa Sthana]], [[Siddhi Sthana]]

== Introduction ==

== Introduction ==

</div></div>

</div></div>

Disequilibrium of ''dhatus'' is disease and their equilibrium is health. Health is termed as happiness, while disorder as unhappiness. [4]

Disequilibrium of ''[[dhatu]]s'' is disease and their equilibrium is health. Health is termed as happiness, while disorder as unhappiness. [4]

==== Definition of ''chikitsa'' (therapeutics/management of disease) ====

==== Definition of ''chikitsa'' (therapeutics/management of disease) ====

</div></div>

</div></div>

Employment of all the excellent four – physician etc. – in case of disorder of ''dhatu'' with the objective of (re-establishing) their equilibrium is called “Therapeutics”. [5]

Employment of all the excellent four – physician etc. – in case of disorder of ''[[dhatu]]'' with the objective of (re-establishing) their equilibrium is called “Therapeutics”. [5]

==== Qualities of the best ''vaidya'' (knowledgeable physician) ====

==== Qualities of the best [[vaidya]] (knowledgeable physician) ====

  <div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">

  <div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">

</div></div>

</div></div>

A ''vaidya'' should possess the qualities such as proficiency in theoretical knowledge (that is learnt), extensive practical experience, dexterity and purity (of body and mind). [6]

A [[vaidya]] should possess the qualities such as proficiency in theoretical knowledge (that is learnt), extensive practical experience, dexterity and purity (of body and mind). [6]

==== Qualities of ''dravya'' (medicine) ====

==== Qualities of ''dravya'' (medicine) ====

</div></div>

</div></div>

These four components  consist of sixteen qualities, if ideally administered, lead to a successful outcome. But here the physician is most important because of his specific knowledge, administrative capacity and managerial skills . [10]

These four components  consist of sixteen qualities, if ideally administered, lead to a successful outcome. But here the physician is most important because of his specific knowledge, administrative capacity and managerial skills. [10]

<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">

<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">

=== Patient ===

=== Patient ===

The patient should follow the instructions of the doctor, be intelligent enough to understand his disease, and should be able to express his condition openly with the physician.  ''Smriti'' (memory) is an important character of the patient for him/her to explain the course of disease. ''Nirdeshakaritvam'' (ability to follow instructions) is also an important characteristic, because some drug must be taken at specific time. If the patient does not follow the physician’s instructions, adverse reactions may occur and desired effects cannot be obtained. ''Rogaṇam jnapakatvam'' (information about the disease) is important. If patient is unable to pinpoint the location of pain or other symptoms properly,  then diagnosis of disease would be difficult or not accurate. He should openly convey all the details about his ailment to the physician. If he does not do this, the physician may not be able to properly decide the line of treatment. He should not have fear. He should trust his physician and be ready to undergo any treatment prescribed. If he is scared and not ready for surgery or [[Panchakarma]], for instance, it will be difficult for the physician to manage as there may not be a suitable alternative always. Depression and anxiety in patients are the foremost factors that worsen disease conditions[Cha.Su.25/40]. [9]

The patient should follow the instructions of the doctor, be intelligent enough to understand his disease, and should be able to express his condition openly with the physician.  ''Smriti'' (memory) is an important character of the patient for him/her to explain the course of disease. ''Nirdeshakaritvam'' (ability to follow instructions) is also an important characteristic, because some drug must be taken at specific time. If the patient does not follow the physician’s instructions, adverse reactions may occur and desired effects cannot be obtained. ''Rogaṇam jnapakatvam'' (information about the disease) is important. If patient is unable to pinpoint the location of pain or other symptoms properly,  then diagnosis of disease would be difficult or not accurate. He should openly convey all the details about his ailment to the physician. If he does not do this, the physician may not be able to properly decide the line of treatment. He should not have fear. He should trust his physician and be ready to undergo any treatment prescribed. If he is scared and not ready for surgery or [[Panchakarma]], for instance, it will be difficult for the physician to manage as there may not be a suitable alternative always. Depression and anxiety in patients are the foremost factors that worsen disease conditions. [Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 25/40] [9]

=== Good clinical practice ===

=== Good clinical practice ===

#Sharma. A. 2001. Susrut Samhita. 1st edition. Varanasi. Chaukhambha Surbharti Prakashan.

#Sharma. A. 2001. Susrut Samhita. 1st edition. Varanasi. Chaukhambha Surbharti Prakashan.

#Gupta. Atridev. Upadhyay Y. 2007. AstangHrdya. Reprint edition. Varanasi. Chaukhambha Prakashan.

#Gupta. Atridev. Upadhyay Y. 2007. AstangHrdya. Reprint edition. Varanasi. Chaukhambha Prakashan.

<div id="BackToTop"  class="noprint" style="background-color:#DDEFDD; position:fixed;

<div id="BackToTop"  class="noprint" style="background-color:#DDEFDD; position:fixed;

  bottom:32px; left:2%; z-index:9999; padding:0; margin:0;"><span style="color:blue;

  bottom:32px; left:2%; z-index:9999; padding:0; margin:0;"><span style="color:blue;