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→Sanskrit text, transliteration and english translation
Depending upon the etiological factors, [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayurveda Ayurveda] prescribes one of two types of therapies – spiritual and rational. A specific rational treatment of ''jwara'' could involve the use of processed ghee (clarified butter) with suitable drugs in a chronic fever is to alleviate all the three ''doshas''.
Depending upon the etiological factors, [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayurveda Ayurveda] prescribes one of two types of therapies – spiritual and rational. A specific rational treatment of ''jwara'' could involve the use of processed ghee (clarified butter) with suitable drugs in a chronic fever is to alleviate all the three ''doshas''.
===Sanskrit text, transliteration and english translation===
===Sanskrit Text, Transliteration and English Translation===
अथातो ज्वरनिदानं व्याख्यास्यामः||१|| इति ह स्माह भगवानात्रेयः||२||
अथातो ज्वरनिदानं व्याख्यास्यामः||१||
athAto jwaranidAnaM vyAkhyAsyAmaH||1|| iti ha smAha bhagavAnAtreyaH||2||
इति ह स्माह भगवानात्रेयः||२||
athātō jwaranidānaṁ vyākhyāsyāmaḥ||1||
iti ha smāha bhagavānātrēyaḥ||2||
athAto jwaranidAnaM vyAkhyAsyAmaH||1||
iti ha smAha bhagavAnAtreyaH||2||
Now I shall expound upon the chapter on the “Diagnosis of ''Jwara'' (Fever).”
Now I shall expound upon the chapter on the “Diagnosis of ''Jwara'' (Fever).”
Thus said Lord Atreya. [1-2]
Thus said Lord Atreya. [1-2]
==== Nidana (etiology) and its synonyms ====
==== ''Nidana'' (etiology) and its synonyms ====
इह खलु हेतुर्निमित्तमायतनं कर्ता कारणं प्रत्ययः समुत्थानं निदानमित्यनर्थान्तरम् तत्त्रिविधम्- असात्म्येन्द्रियार्थसंयोगः, प्रज्ञापराधः, परिणामश्चेति||३||
इह खलु हेतुर्निमित्तमायतनं कर्ता कारणं प्रत्ययः समुत्थानं निदानमित्यनर्थान्तरम् तत्त्रिविधम्- असात्म्येन्द्रियार्थसंयोगः, प्रज्ञापराधः, परिणामश्चेति||३||
''Hetu'', ''nimitta'', ''ayatana'', ''karta'', ''karana'', ''pratyaya'' and ''samutthana'' are synonyms of ''nidana'' (causative factors). ''Nidana'' could be of three types:
''Hetu'', ''nimitta'', ''ayatana'', ''karta'', ''karana'', ''pratyaya'' and ''samutthana'' are synonyms of ''nidana'' (causative factors). ''Nidana'' could be of three types:
#''Asatmyendriyarthasamyoga'' (unsuitable contact of sense organs with their objects)
#''Pragyaparadha'' (knowingly engaging in harmful activities), and
#''Kala'' (seasonal, temporal factors). [3]
==== Types of diseases ====
==== Types of diseases ====
atastrividhA vyAdhayaH prAdurbhavanti- AgneyAH, saumyAH, vAyavyAshca; dvividhAshcApare- rAjasAH, tAmasAshca||4||
atastrividhA vyAdhayaH prAdurbhavanti- AgneyAH, saumyAH, vAyavyAshca; dvividhAshcApare- rAjasAH, tAmasAshca||4||
(Physical) diseases caused are of three types, viz., agneya (pitta-predominant diseases), saumya (kapha-predominant diseases) and vayavya (vata-predominant diseases). Others (mental) are of two types viz. rajas and tamas. [4]
(Physical) diseases caused are of three types, viz., ''agneya'' (''pitta''-predominant diseases), ''saumya'' (''kapha''-predominant diseases) and ''vayavya'' (''vata''-predominant diseases). Others (mental) are of two types viz. ''rajas'' and ''tamas''. [4]
==== Synonyms of disease ====
==== Synonyms of disease ====
tatra vyAdhirAmayo gada Ata~gko yakShmA jvaro vikAro roga ityanarthAntaram||5||
tatra vyAdhirAmayo gada Ata~gko yakShmA jvaro vikAro roga ityanarthAntaram||5||
Vyadhi, amaya, gada, atanka, yakshma, jwara, vikara and roga are synonyms of disease. [5]
''Vyadhi, amaya, gada, atanka, yakshma, jwara, vikara'' and ''roga'' are synonyms of disease. [5]
==== Means for knowledge of disease ====
==== Means for knowledge of disease ====
tasyōpalabdhirnidānapūrvarūpaliṅgōpaśayasamprāptitaḥ ||6 ||
tasyōpalabdhirnidānapūrvarūpaliṅgōpaśayasamprāptitaḥ ||6 ||
tasyopalabdhirnidAnapUrvarUpali~ggopashayasamprAptitaH||6||
tasyopalabdhirnidAnapUrvarUpali~ggopashayasamprAptitaH||6||
Diseases could be diagnosed by studying their nidana (etiology), poorvarupa (premonitory symptoms), linga (sign and symptoms), upashaya (exploratory therapy) and samprapti (pathogenesis).[6]
Diseases could be diagnosed by studying their ''nidana'' (etiology), ''poorvarupa'' (premonitory symptoms), ''linga'' (sign and symptoms), ''upashaya'' (exploratory therapy) and ''samprapti'' (pathogenesis).[6]
==== Nidana ====
==== ''Nidana'' ====
तत्र निदानं कारणमित्युक्तमग्रे||७||
तत्र निदानं कारणमित्युक्तमग्रे||७||
tatra nidānaṁ kāraṇamityuktamagrē ||7||
tatra nidānaṁ kāraṇamityuktamagrē ||7||
tatra nidAnaM kAraNamityuktamagre||7||
tatra nidAnaM kAraNamityuktamagre||7||
Nidana is the etiological factor as described earlier. [7]
''Nidana'' is the etiological factor as described earlier. [7]
==== Poorvarupa [premonitory signs] ====
==== ''Poorvarupa'' (premonitory signs) ====
पूर्वरूपं प्रागुत्पत्ति लक्षणं व्याधेः||८||
पूर्वरूपं प्रागुत्पत्ति लक्षणं व्याधेः||८||
pūrvarūpaṁ prāgutpatti lakṣaṇaṁ vyādhēḥ||8||
pūrvarūpaṁ prāgutpatti lakṣaṇaṁ vyādhēḥ||8||
pUrvarUpaM prAgutpatti lakShaNaM vyAdheH||8||
pUrvarUpaM prAgutpatti lakShaNaM vyAdheH||8||
Symptoms that manifest themselves before the appearance of the disease are known as poorvarupa. [8]
Symptoms that manifest themselves before the appearance of the disease are known as ''poorvarupa''. [8]
==== Linga [sign] and its synonyms ====
==== Linga (sign) and its synonyms ====
प्रादुर्भूतलक्षणं पुनर्लिङ्गम् तत्र लिङ्गमाकृतिर्लक्षणं चिह्नं संस्थानं व्यञ्जनं रूपमित्यनर्थान्तरम्||९||
प्रादुर्भूतलक्षणं पुनर्लिङ्गम् तत्र लिङ्गमाकृतिर्लक्षणं चिह्नं संस्थानं व्यञ्जनं रूपमित्यनर्थान्तरम्||९||
prādurbhūtalakṣaṇaṁ punarliṅgam tatra liṅgamākr̥tirlakṣaṇaṁ cihnaṁ saṁsthānaṁ vyañjanaṁ rūpamityanarthāntaram ||9||
prādurbhūtalakṣaṇaṁ punarliṅgam tatra liṅgamākr̥tirlakṣaṇaṁ cihnaṁ saṁsthānaṁ vyañjanaṁ rūpamityanarthāntaram ||9||
prAdurbhUtalakShaNaM punarli~ggam| tatra li~ggamAkRutirlakShaNaM cihnaM
prAdurbhUtalakShaNaM punarli~ggam| tatra li~ggamAkRutirlakShaNaM cihnaM
saMsthAnaM vya~jjanaM rUpamityanarthAntaram||9||
saMsthAnaM vya~jjanaM rUpamityanarthAntaram||9||
Sign and symptoms when fully manifested are called as linga. Linga, akruti, lakshana, chihna, samsthana, vyanjana and rupa are synonyms of linga. [9]
Sign and symptoms when fully manifested are called as ''linga''. ''Linga, akruti, lakshana, chihna, samsthana, vyanjana'' and ''rupa'' are synonyms of ''linga''. [9]
==== Upashaya [pacifying factors] ====
==== ''Upashaya'' (pacifying factors) ====
उपशयः पुनर्हेतुव्याधिविपरीतानां विपरीतार्थकारिणां चौषधाहारविहाराणामुपयोगः सुखानुबन्धः||१०||
उपशयः पुनर्हेतुव्याधिविपरीतानां विपरीतार्थकारिणां चौषधाहारविहाराणामुपयोगः सुखानुबन्धः||१०||