Changes

nAnRutaM brUyAt, nAnyasvamAdadIta, nAnyastriyamabhilaShennAnyashriyaM, na vairaM rocayet, na kuryAt pApaM, na pApe~api pApI [22] syAt, nAnyadoShAnbrUyAt, nAnyarahasyamAgamayen, nAdhArmikairna narendradviShTaiH sahAsIta nonmattairna patitairna bhrUNahantRubhirna kShudrairna duShTaiH, naduShTayAnAnyAroheta, na jAnusamaM [23] kaThinamAsanamadhyAsIta, nAnAstIrNamanupahitamavishAlamasamaM vA shayanaM prapadyeta, nagiriviShamamastakeShvanucaret, na drumamArohet, na jalogravegamavagAheta, na kulacchAyAmupAsIta [24] , nAgnyutpAtamabhitashcaret, noccairhaset, nashabdavantaM mArutaM mu~jcet, nAnAvRutamukho [25] jRumbhAM kShavathuM hAsyaM vA pravartayet, na nAsikAM kuShNIyAt, na dantAn vighaTTayet, na nakhAnvAdayet, nAsthInyabhihanyAt, na bhUmiM vilikhet, na chindyAttRuNaM, na loShTaM mRudnIyAt, na viguNama~ggaishceShTeta,jyotIMShyaniShTamamedhyamashastaM [26] ca nAbhivIkSheta, na hu~gkuryAcchavaM [27] , na caityadhvajagurupUjyAshastacchAyAmAkrAmet, nakShapAsvamarasadanacaityacatvaracatuShpathopavanashmashAnAghAtanAnyAseveta [28] , naikaH shUnyagRuhaM na cATavImanupravishet, na pApavRuttAnstrImitrabhRutyAn bhajeta, nottamairvirudhyeta, nAvarAnupAsIta, na jihmaM rocayet, nAnAryamAshrayet, na bhayamutpAdayet, nasAhasAtisvapnaprajAgarasnAnapAnAshanAnyAseveta, nordhvajAnushciraM tiShThet, na vyAlAnupasarpenna daMShTriNo na viShANinaH,purovAtAtapAvashyAyAtipravAtA~jjahyAt, kaliM nArabheta, nAsunibhRuto~agnimupAsIta [29] nocchiShTaH, nAdhaH kRutvA pratApayet, nAvigataklamonAnAplutavadano na nagna upaspRushet, na snAnashATyA spRusheduttamA~ggaM, na keshAgrANyabhihanyAt, nopaspRushya te eva vAsasI bibhRuyAt,nAspRuShTvA ratnAjyapUjyama~ggalasumanaso~abhiniShkrAmet, na pUjyama~ggalAnyapasavyaM gacchennetarANyanudakShiNam||19||  

nAnRutaM brUyAt, nAnyasvamAdadIta, nAnyastriyamabhilaShennAnyashriyaM, na vairaM rocayet, na kuryAt pApaM, na pApe~api pApI [22] syAt, nAnyadoShAnbrUyAt, nAnyarahasyamAgamayen, nAdhArmikairna narendradviShTaiH sahAsIta nonmattairna patitairna bhrUNahantRubhirna kShudrairna duShTaiH, naduShTayAnAnyAroheta, na jAnusamaM [23] kaThinamAsanamadhyAsIta, nAnAstIrNamanupahitamavishAlamasamaM vA shayanaM prapadyeta, nagiriviShamamastakeShvanucaret, na drumamArohet, na jalogravegamavagAheta, na kulacchAyAmupAsIta [24] , nAgnyutpAtamabhitashcaret, noccairhaset, nashabdavantaM mArutaM mu~jcet, nAnAvRutamukho [25] jRumbhAM kShavathuM hAsyaM vA pravartayet, na nAsikAM kuShNIyAt, na dantAn vighaTTayet, na nakhAnvAdayet, nAsthInyabhihanyAt, na bhUmiM vilikhet, na chindyAttRuNaM, na loShTaM mRudnIyAt, na viguNama~ggaishceShTeta,jyotIMShyaniShTamamedhyamashastaM [26] ca nAbhivIkSheta, na hu~gkuryAcchavaM [27] , na caityadhvajagurupUjyAshastacchAyAmAkrAmet, nakShapAsvamarasadanacaityacatvaracatuShpathopavanashmashAnAghAtanAnyAseveta [28] , naikaH shUnyagRuhaM na cATavImanupravishet, na pApavRuttAnstrImitrabhRutyAn bhajeta, nottamairvirudhyeta, nAvarAnupAsIta, na jihmaM rocayet, nAnAryamAshrayet, na bhayamutpAdayet, nasAhasAtisvapnaprajAgarasnAnapAnAshanAnyAseveta, nordhvajAnushciraM tiShThet, na vyAlAnupasarpenna daMShTriNo na viShANinaH,purovAtAtapAvashyAyAtipravAtA~jjahyAt, kaliM nArabheta, nAsunibhRuto~agnimupAsIta [29] nocchiShTaH, nAdhaH kRutvA pratApayet, nAvigataklamonAnAplutavadano na nagna upaspRushet, na snAnashATyA spRusheduttamA~ggaM, na keshAgrANyabhihanyAt, nopaspRushya te eva vAsasI bibhRuyAt,nAspRuShTvA ratnAjyapUjyama~ggalasumanaso~abhiniShkrAmet, na pUjyama~ggalAnyapasavyaM gacchennetarANyanudakShiNam||19||  

• One should not tell  lies and should not take other’s possessions

* One should not tell  lies and should not take other’s possessions

• Should not covet other’s women or property

* Should not covet other’s women or property

• Should not indulge in enmity, sinful acts, or be vicious (even to a sinner).

* Should not indulge in enmity, sinful acts, or be vicious (even to a sinner).

• Should not point out  defects of others & should not try to know other’s secrets.  

* Should not point out  defects of others & should not try to know other’s secrets.  

• One should not keep company of the unvirtuous, those hated by the king, insane persons, those not following social ethics, foetus killers, wretched & wicked ones.

* One should not keep company of the unvirtuous, those hated by the king, insane persons, those not following social ethics, foetus killers, wretched & wicked ones.

• One should not ride on defective vehicles, sit on hard place of knee height, sleep on uncovered hard bed or having no pillow, not having sufficient dimensions or uneven.

* One should not ride on defective vehicles, sit on hard place of knee height, sleep on uncovered hard bed or having no pillow, not having sufficient dimensions or uneven.

• One should not move on uneven tops of the mountains, climb trees, and take dip in water with strong currents.

* One should not move on uneven tops of the mountains, climb trees, and take dip in water with strong currents.

• One should not tread on the shade of a bank, or move around the place that are prone to fire hazards, should not laugh loudly, release flatus with sound, should not yawn, sneeze, or laugh with uncovered mouth, should not contort the nose, grind teeth, make scratching sounds using nails, strike the bones, scrape the earth, cut the grass, press the earthen lamp, perform any improper actions of body parts .

* One should not tread on the shade of a bank, or move around the place that are prone to fire hazards, should not laugh loudly, release flatus with sound, should not yawn, sneeze, or laugh with uncovered mouth, should not contort the nose, grind teeth, make scratching sounds using nails, strike the bones, scrape the earth, cut the grass, press the earthen lamp, perform any improper actions of body parts .

• One should not see light, undesirable, impure & inauspicious objects, should not produce any abnormally loud sound at the sight of corpse and tread on the shadow of sacred persons, teachers, revered ones or any such persons.

* One should not see light, undesirable, impure & inauspicious objects, should not produce any abnormally loud sound at the sight of corpse and tread on the shadow of sacred persons, teachers, revered ones or any such persons.

• One should not stay for long in the temples, sacred places, raised platforms, crossroads, gardens, cremation grounds & places of execution during nights, and  should not enter a deserted house or forests alone.

* One should not stay for long in the temples, sacred places, raised platforms, crossroads, gardens, cremation grounds & places of execution during nights, and  should not enter a deserted house or forests alone.

• One should not be attached to women, friends & servants with sinful conduct, should not oppose or antagonize superior persons and be attached to inferior persons.

* One should not be attached to women, friends & servants with sinful conduct, should not oppose or antagonize superior persons and be attached to inferior persons.

• One should not take interest in crooked things, take refuge of wicked persons & indulge in frightening/ terrorising acts.

* One should not take interest in crooked things, take refuge of wicked persons & indulge in frightening/ terrorising acts.

• One should not indulge in undue courage or excessive sleep, night awakening, bath, drinks & food. One should not stay for long with knees up & approach fierce animals & those having prominent teeth & horns.

* One should not indulge in undue courage or excessive sleep, night awakening, bath, drinks & food. One should not stay for long with knees up & approach fierce animals & those having prominent teeth & horns.

• One should not be exposed to easterly winds, the sun, dews and the strong currents of wind.

* One should not be exposed to easterly winds, the sun, dews and the strong currents of wind.

• One should not initiate quarrels.

* One should not initiate quarrels.

• One should not do yajna (worship fire) in secluded place, should not keep feet close to fire, and should not wear spotted clothes. One should not take bath when tired and exhausted, and should rest and wash the face before taking bath. Should not touch the head with dirty clothes nor should strike at hair tips and should wear fresh clothes after bathing .

* One should not do yajna (worship fire) in secluded place, should not keep feet close to fire, and should not wear spotted clothes. One should not take bath when tired and exhausted, and should rest and wash the face before taking bath. Should not touch the head with dirty clothes nor should strike at hair tips and should wear fresh clothes after bathing .

• One should not leave without touching the gems, ghee, the respectable, the auspicious and flowers.

* One should not leave without touching the gems, ghee, the respectable, the auspicious and flowers.

• One should not pass the respectable & the auspicious on left & others on right side. [19]  

* One should not pass the respectable & the auspicious on left & others on right side. [19]  

Codes for eating behaviour:

 

==== Codes for eating behavior ====

 

नारत्नपाणिर्नास्नातो नोपहतवासा नाजपित्वा नाहुत्वा देवताभ्यो नानिरूप्य पितृभ्यो नादत्त्वा गुरुभ्यो नातिथिभ्योनोपाश्रितेभ्यो नापुण्यगन्धो नामाली नाप्रक्षालितपाणिपादवदनो नाशुद्धमुखो नोदङ्मुखो न विमनानाभक्ताशिष्टाशुचिक्षुधितपरिचरो न पात्रीष्वमेध्यासु नादेशे नाकाले नाकीर्णे नादत्त्वाऽग्रमग्नये नाप्रोक्षितं प्रोक्षणोदकैर्नमन्त्रैरनभिमन्त्रितं न कुत्सयन्न कुत्सितं न प्रतिकूलोपहितमन्नमाददीत, न पर्युषितमन्यत्रमांसहरितकशुष्कशाकफलभक्ष्येभ्यः, नाशेषभुक् स्यादन्यत्र दधिमधुलवणसक्तुसर्पिभ्यः, न नक्तं दधि भुञ्जीत, नसक्तूनेकानश्नीयान्न निशि न भुक्त्वा न बहून्न द्विर्नोदकान्तरितात्, न छित्त्वा द्विजैर्भक्षयेत्||२०||

नारत्नपाणिर्नास्नातो नोपहतवासा नाजपित्वा नाहुत्वा देवताभ्यो नानिरूप्य पितृभ्यो नादत्त्वा गुरुभ्यो नातिथिभ्योनोपाश्रितेभ्यो नापुण्यगन्धो नामाली नाप्रक्षालितपाणिपादवदनो नाशुद्धमुखो नोदङ्मुखो न विमनानाभक्ताशिष्टाशुचिक्षुधितपरिचरो न पात्रीष्वमेध्यासु नादेशे नाकाले नाकीर्णे नादत्त्वाऽग्रमग्नये नाप्रोक्षितं प्रोक्षणोदकैर्नमन्त्रैरनभिमन्त्रितं न कुत्सयन्न कुत्सितं न प्रतिकूलोपहितमन्नमाददीत, न पर्युषितमन्यत्रमांसहरितकशुष्कशाकफलभक्ष्येभ्यः, नाशेषभुक् स्यादन्यत्र दधिमधुलवणसक्तुसर्पिभ्यः, न नक्तं दधि भुञ्जीत, नसक्तूनेकानश्नीयान्न निशि न भुक्त्वा न बहून्न द्विर्नोदकान्तरितात्, न छित्त्वा द्विजैर्भक्षयेत्||२०||

Nāratnapāṇirnāsnātō nōpahatavāsā nājapitvā nāhutvā dēvatābhyō nānirūpya pitr̥bhyō nādattvā gurubhyōnātithibhyō nōpāśritēbhyō nāpuṇyagandhō nāmālī nāprakṣālitapāṇipādavadanō nāśuddhamukhōnōdaṅmukhō na vimanā nābhaktāśiṣṭāśucikṣudhitaparicarō na pātrīṣvamēdhyāsu nādēśē nākālē nākīrṇēnādattvā'gramagnayē nāprōkṣitaṁ prōkṣaṇōdakairna mantrairanabhimantritaṁ na kutsayanna kutsitaṁna pratikūlōpahitamannamādadīta, na paryuṣitamanyatra māṁsaharitakaśuṣkaśākaphalabhakṣyēbhyaḥ,nāśēṣabhuk syādanyatra dadhimadhulavaṇasaktusarpibhyaḥ, na naktaṁ dadhi bhuñjīta, nasaktūnēkānaśnīyānna niśi na bhuktvā na bahūnna dvirnōdakāntaritāt, na chittvā dvijairbhakṣayēt||20||  

 

Nāratnapāṇirnāsnātō nōpahatavāsā nājapitvā nāhutvā dēvatābhyō nānirūpya pitr̥bhyō nādattvā gurubhyōnātithibhyō nōpāśritēbhyō nāpuṇyagandhō nāmālī nāprakṣālitapāṇipādavadanō nāśuddhamukhōnōdaṅmukhō na vimanā nābhaktāśiṣṭāśucikṣudhitaparicarō na pātrīṣvamēdhyāsu nādēśē nākālē nākīrṇēnādattvā'gramagnayē nāprōkṣitaṁ prōkṣaṇōdakairna mantrairanabhimantritaṁ na kutsayanna kutsitaṁna pratikūlōpahitamannamādadīta, na paryuṣitamanyatra māṁsaharitakaśuṣkaśākaphalabhakṣyēbhyaḥ,nāśēṣabhuk syādanyatra dadhimadhulavaṇasaktusarpibhyaḥ, na naktaṁ dadhi bhuñjīta, nasaktūnēkānaśnīyānna niśi na bhuktvā na bahūnna dvirnōdakāntaritāt, na chittvā dvijairbhakṣayēt||20||  

 

nAratnapANirnAsnAto nopahatavAsA nAjapitvA nAhutvA devatAbhyo nAnirUpya pitRubhyo nAdattvA gurubhyo nAtithibhyo nopAshritebhyo nApuNyagandho nAmAlInAprakShAlitapANipAdavadano nAshuddhamukho noda~gmukho na vimanA nAbhaktAshiShTAshucikShudhitaparicaro na pAtrIShvamedhyAsu nAdeshe nAkAlenAkIrNe nAdattvA~agramagnaye nAprokShitaM prokShaNodakairna mantrairanabhimantritaM na kutsayanna kutsitaM na pratikUlopahitamannamAdadIta, naparyuShitamanyatra mAMsaharitakashuShkashAkaphalabhakShyebhyaH, nAsheShabhuk syAdanyatra dadhimadhulavaNasaktusarpibhyaH, na naktaM dadhibhu~jjIta, na saktUnekAnashnIyAnna nishi na bhuktvA na bahUnna dvirnodakAntaritAt, na chittvA dvijairbhakShayet||20||

nAratnapANirnAsnAto nopahatavAsA nAjapitvA nAhutvA devatAbhyo nAnirUpya pitRubhyo nAdattvA gurubhyo nAtithibhyo nopAshritebhyo nApuNyagandho nAmAlInAprakShAlitapANipAdavadano nAshuddhamukho noda~gmukho na vimanA nAbhaktAshiShTAshucikShudhitaparicaro na pAtrIShvamedhyAsu nAdeshe nAkAlenAkIrNe nAdattvA~agramagnaye nAprokShitaM prokShaNodakairna mantrairanabhimantritaM na kutsayanna kutsitaM na pratikUlopahitamannamAdadIta, naparyuShitamanyatra mAMsaharitakashuShkashAkaphalabhakShyebhyaH, nAsheShabhuk syAdanyatra dadhimadhulavaNasaktusarpibhyaH, na naktaM dadhibhu~jjIta, na saktUnekAnashnIyAnna nishi na bhuktvA na bahUnna dvirnodakAntaritAt, na chittvA dvijairbhakShayet||20||

• One should not eat without wearing precious stones in the hand or without taking bath or while wearing torn clothes, without reciting mantras, without offering oblations to God, without offerings to the departed forefathers, teachers, guests and dependants.

 

• One should not eat without applying  purifying fragrance and garland, without washing hands, feet & face, without cleaning the mouth, facing towards the north, with depressed /stressed mind, surrounded by the disloyal, undisciplined, unclean & hungry attendants, in unclean  utensils or at improper place & time, in crowded surroundings, without first offering to the fire, without sprinkling with sacred water, without sanctifying it with mantras, with contemptuous disposition towards the food .

* One should not eat without wearing precious stones in the hand or without taking bath or while wearing torn clothes, without reciting mantras, without offering oblations to God, without offerings to the departed forefathers, teachers, guests and dependants.

• One should not take contaminated meal or food which has been served by enemies or opponents.

* One should not eat without applying  purifying fragrance and garland, without washing hands, feet & face, without cleaning the mouth, facing towards the north, with depressed /stressed mind, surrounded by the disloyal, undisciplined, unclean & hungry attendants, in unclean  utensils or at improper place & time, in crowded surroundings, without first offering to the fire, without sprinkling with sacred water, without sanctifying it with mantras, with contemptuous disposition towards the food.

• One should not take stale food (meat, salad, dry vegetables, fruit & hard eatables).

* One should not take contaminated meal or food which has been served by enemies or opponents.

• One should not finish the all food (served in the plate) articles except the curd, honey, salt, roasted grain flour & ghee (these should be finished).  

* One should not take stale food (meat, salad, dry vegetables, fruit & hard eatables).

• One should not take curd at night. One should not consume roasted grain flour without mixing it  with ghee & sugar, in the night, after meals, in large quantity, twice daily or interrupted with water intake or tearing with teeth. [20]  

* One should not finish the all food (served in the plate) articles except the curd, honey, salt, roasted grain flour & ghee (these should be finished).  

Codes for passing natural urges:

* One should not take curd at night. One should not consume roasted grain flour without mixing it  with ghee & sugar, in the night, after meals, in large quantity, twice daily or interrupted with water intake or tearing with teeth. [20]  

 

==== Codes for passing natural urges ====

 

नानृजुः क्षुयान्नाद्यान्न शयीत, न वेगितोऽन्यकार्यः स्यात्, न वाय्वग्निसलिलसोमार्कद्विजगुरुप्रतिमुखंनिष्ठीविका(वात)वर्चोमूत्राण्युत्सृजेत्, न पन्थानमवमूत्रयेन्न जनवति नान्नकाले, न जपहोमाध्ययनबलिमङ्गलक्रियासुश्लेष्मसिङ्घाणकं मुञ्चेत्||२१||  

नानृजुः क्षुयान्नाद्यान्न शयीत, न वेगितोऽन्यकार्यः स्यात्, न वाय्वग्निसलिलसोमार्कद्विजगुरुप्रतिमुखंनिष्ठीविका(वात)वर्चोमूत्राण्युत्सृजेत्, न पन्थानमवमूत्रयेन्न जनवति नान्नकाले, न जपहोमाध्ययनबलिमङ्गलक्रियासुश्लेष्मसिङ्घाणकं मुञ्चेत्||२१||  

Nānr̥juḥ kṣuyānnādyānna śayīta, na vēgitō'nyakāryaḥ syāt, navāyvagnisalilasōmārkadvijagurupratimukhaṁ niṣṭhīvikā(vāta)varcōmūtrāṇyutsr̥jēt, napanthānamavamūtrayēnna janavati nānnakālē, na japahōmādhyayanabalimaṅgalakriyāsuślēṣmasiṅghāṇakaṁ muñcēt||21||  

Nānr̥juḥ kṣuyānnādyānna śayīta, na vēgitō'nyakāryaḥ syāt, navāyvagnisalilasōmārkadvijagurupratimukhaṁ niṣṭhīvikā(vāta)varcōmūtrāṇyutsr̥jēt, napanthānamavamūtrayēnna janavati nānnakālē, na japahōmādhyayanabalimaṅgalakriyāsuślēṣmasiṅghāṇakaṁ muñcēt||21||  

nAnRujuH kShuyAnnAdyAnna shayIta, na vegito~anyakAryaH syAt, na vAyvagnisalilasomArkadvijagurupratimukhaM niShThIvikA(vAta)varcomUtrANyutsRujet, napanthAnamavamUtrayenna janavati nAnnakAle, na japahomAdhyayanabalima~ggalakriyAsu shleShmasi~gghANakaM mu~jcet||21||

nAnRujuH kShuyAnnAdyAnna shayIta, na vegito~anyakAryaH syAt, na vAyvagnisalilasomArkadvijagurupratimukhaM niShThIvikA(vAta)varcomUtrANyutsRujet, napanthAnamavamUtrayenna janavati nAnnakAle, na japahomAdhyayanabalima~ggalakriyAsu shleShmasi~gghANakaM mu~jcet||21||

• One should not sneeze, eat and sleep in curved position.

 

• One should not be engaged in other works while urge for the natural urges.(One should pass natural urge first and then do other works).  

* One should not sneeze, eat and sleep in curved position.

• One should not spit out  sputum, pass faeces & urine in front of the winds, fire, water, the moon, the sun, brahmans and the preceptors.

* One should not be engaged in other works while urge for the natural urges.(One should pass natural urge first and then do other works).  

• One should not urinate on the road, in crowded (public) places and while taking food.  

* One should not spit out  sputum, pass faeces & urine in front of the winds, fire, water, the moon, the sun, brahmans and the preceptors.

• One should not let out oral or nasal excreta at the time of recitation of mantras, oblation, studies, and sacrifice, religious and auspicious acts. [21]  

* One should not urinate on the road, in crowded (public) places and while taking food.  

Codes for behaviour with women: 

* One should not let out oral or nasal excreta at the time of recitation of mantras, oblation, studies, and sacrifice, religious and auspicious acts. [21]  

 

==== Codes for behaviour with women ====

 

न स्त्रियमवजानीत, नातिविश्रम्भयेत्, न गुह्यमनुश्रावयेत्, नाधिकुर्यात्|  

न स्त्रियमवजानीत, नातिविश्रम्भयेत्, न गुह्यमनुश्रावयेत्, नाधिकुर्यात्|  

न रजस्वलां नातुरां नामेध्यां नाशस्तां नानिष्टरूपाचारोपचारां नादक्षां नादक्षिणां नाकामां नान्यकामां नान्यस्त्रियं नान्ययोनिंनायोनौ न चैत्यचत्वरचतुष्पथोपवनश्मशानाघातनसलिलौषधिद्विजगुरुसुरालयेषु न सन्ध्ययोर्नातिथिषु नाशुचिर्नाजग्धभेषजो नाप्रणीतसङ्कल्पो नानुपस्थितप्रहर्षो नाभुक्तवान्नात्यशितो न विषमस्थो न मूत्रोच्चारपीडितो नश्रमव्यायामोपवासक्लमाभिहतो नारहसि व्यवायं गच्छेत्||२२||  

न रजस्वलां नातुरां नामेध्यां नाशस्तां नानिष्टरूपाचारोपचारां नादक्षां नादक्षिणां नाकामां नान्यकामां नान्यस्त्रियं नान्ययोनिंनायोनौ न चैत्यचत्वरचतुष्पथोपवनश्मशानाघातनसलिलौषधिद्विजगुरुसुरालयेषु न सन्ध्ययोर्नातिथिषु नाशुचिर्नाजग्धभेषजो नाप्रणीतसङ्कल्पो नानुपस्थितप्रहर्षो नाभुक्तवान्नात्यशितो न विषमस्थो न मूत्रोच्चारपीडितो नश्रमव्यायामोपवासक्लमाभिहतो नारहसि व्यवायं गच्छेत्||२२||  

Na striyamavajānīta, nātiviśrambhayēt, na guhyamanuśrāvayēt, nādhikuryāt|  

Na striyamavajānīta, nātiviśrambhayēt, na guhyamanuśrāvayēt, nādhikuryāt|  

na rajasvalāṁ nāturāṁ nāmēdhyāṁ nāśastāṁ nāniṣṭarūpācārōpacārāṁ nādakṣāṁ nādakṣiṇāṁ nākāmāṁnānyakāmāṁ nānyastriyaṁ nānyayōniṁ nāyōnau nacaityacatvaracatuṣpathōpavanaśmaśānāghātanasalilauṣadhidvijagurusurālayēṣu na sandhyayōrnātithiṣu nāśucirnājagdhabhēṣajō nāpraṇītasaṅkalpō nānupasthitapraharṣō nābhuktavānnātyaśitō na viṣamasthōna mūtrōccārapīḍitō na śramavyāyāmōpavāsaklamābhihatō nārahasi vyavāyaṁ gacchēt||22||

na rajasvalāṁ nāturāṁ nāmēdhyāṁ nāśastāṁ nāniṣṭarūpācārōpacārāṁ nādakṣāṁ nādakṣiṇāṁ nākāmāṁnānyakāmāṁ nānyastriyaṁ nānyayōniṁ nāyōnau nacaityacatvaracatuṣpathōpavanaśmaśānāghātanasalilauṣadhidvijagurusurālayēṣu na sandhyayōrnātithiṣu nāśucirnājagdhabhēṣajō nāpraṇītasaṅkalpō nānupasthitapraharṣō nābhuktavānnātyaśitō na viṣamasthōna mūtrōccārapīḍitō na śramavyāyāmōpavāsaklamābhihatō nārahasi vyavāyaṁ gacchēt||22||

na striyamavajAnIta, nAtivishrambhayet, na guhyamanushrAvayet, nAdhikuryAt|  

na striyamavajAnIta, nAtivishrambhayet, na guhyamanushrAvayet, nAdhikuryAt|  

na rajasvalAM nAturAM nAmedhyAM nAshastAM nAniShTarUpAcAropacArAM nAdakShAM nAdakShiNAM nAkAmAM nAnyakAmAM nAnyastriyaM nAnyayoniM nAyonauna caityacatvaracatuShpathopavanashmashAnAghAtanasalilauShadhidvijagurusurAlayeShu na sandhyayornAtithiShu [32] nAshucirnAjagdhabheShajonApraNItasa~gkalpo nAnupasthitapraharSho nAbhuktavAnnAtyashito na viShamastho na mUtroccArapIDito na shramavyAyAmopavAsaklamAbhihato nArahasivyavAyaM gacchet||22||

na rajasvalAM nAturAM nAmedhyAM nAshastAM nAniShTarUpAcAropacArAM nAdakShAM nAdakShiNAM nAkAmAM nAnyakAmAM nAnyastriyaM nAnyayoniM nAyonauna caityacatvaracatuShpathopavanashmashAnAghAtanasalilauShadhidvijagurusurAlayeShu na sandhyayornAtithiShu nAshucirnAjagdhabheShajonApraNItasa~gkalpo nAnupasthitapraharSho nAbhuktavAnnAtyashito na viShamastho na mUtroccArapIDito na shramavyAyAmopavAsaklamAbhihato nArahasivyavAyaM gacchet||22||

• One should not insult women, and should not  have too much faith in them. One should not disclose secrets to them nor should give authority indiscriminately.

 

• One should not perform sexual intercourse with women during her menstrual period, with a women suffering from a disease, and is impure, inauspicious, with undesirable appearance, with bad behaviour/conducts & manners or with the one devoid of skills.

* One should not insult women, and should not  have too much faith in them. One should not disclose secrets to them nor should give authority indiscriminately.

• One should not perform sexual intercourse with women who are not friendly, not having passionate desire or having passionate desire for some other person or is married to some other person.

* One should not perform sexual intercourse with women during her menstrual period, with a women suffering from a disease, and is impure, inauspicious, with undesirable appearance, with bad behaviour/conducts & manners or with the one devoid of skills.

• One should not perform sexual intercourse in the genitals of other animal species except human being, other body parts except genitals.

* One should not perform sexual intercourse with women who are not friendly, not having passionate desire or having passionate desire for some other person or is married to some other person.

• One should not perform sexual intercourse under holy trees, at sacred places, public courtyard, on a crossroad, in a garden, at cremation ground, execution place/ slaughter house, near water reservoir, in the medicine stores. Sexual intercourse is also prohibited in the houses of brahmins, teachers & in temples.

* One should not perform sexual intercourse in the genitals of other animal species except human being, other body parts except genitals.

• One should not perform sexual intercourse during the dawn & dusk and on inauspicious days i.e. on full moon days & pratipadas, etc. One should not perform sexual intercourse if  unclean,  if  not taken aphrodisiacs, without prior determination & desire, without having proper erection of penis, without food or after excessive food intake, on uneven place, while under the urge of micturition or defecation, after exertion, physical exercise, during fasting, after exhaustion or in a place having no privacy .[22]

* One should not perform sexual intercourse under holy trees, at sacred places, public courtyard, on a crossroad, in a garden, at cremation ground, execution place/ slaughter house, near water reservoir, in the medicine stores. Sexual intercourse is also prohibited in the houses of brahmins, teachers & in temples.

Behaviour code with preceptors:

* One should not perform sexual intercourse during the dawn & dusk and on inauspicious days i.e. on full moon days & pratipadas, etc. One should not perform sexual intercourse if  unclean,  if  not taken aphrodisiacs, without prior determination & desire, without having proper erection of penis, without food or after excessive food intake, on uneven place, while under the urge of micturition or defecation, after exertion, physical exercise, during fasting, after exhaustion or in a place having no privacy .[22]

न सतो न गुरून् परिवदेत्, नाशुचिरभिचारकर्मचैत्यपूज्यपूजाध्ययनमभिनिर्वर्तयेत्

 

||२३||

==== Behaviour code with preceptors ====

Na satō na gurūn parivadēt, nāśucirabhicārakarmacaityapūjyapūjādhyayanamabhinirvartayēt||23||  

 

न सतो न गुरून् परिवदेत्, नाशुचिरभिचारकर्मचैत्यपूज्यपूजाध्ययनमभिनिर्वर्तयेत्||२३||

 

Na satō na gurūn parivadēt, nāśucirabhicārakarmacaityapūjyapūjādhyayanamabhinirvartayēt||23||  

 

na sato na gurUn parivadet, nAshucirabhicArakarmacaityapUjyapUjAdhyayanamabhinirvartayet||23||  

na sato na gurUn parivadet, nAshucirabhicArakarmacaityapUjyapUjAdhyayanamabhinirvartayet||23||  

• One should not speak ill about noble persons and preceptors.  

* One should not speak ill about noble persons and preceptors.  

• One should not perform spells, worship of sacred trees and superiors, and studies while remaining impure. [23]  

* One should not perform spells, worship of sacred trees and superiors, and studies while remaining impure. [23]  

Code for learning and studying:

 

==== Code for learning and studying ====

 

न विद्युत्स्वनार्तवीषु नाभ्युदितासु दिक्षु नाग्निसम्प्लवे न भूमिकम्पे न महोत्सवे नोल्कापाते न महाग्रहोपगमने ननष्टचन्द्रायां तिथौ न सन्ध्ययोर्नामुखाद्गुरोर्नावपतितं नातिमात्रं न तान्तं न विस्वरं नानवस्थितपदं नातिद्रुतं न विलम्बितंनातिक्लीबं नात्युच्चैर्नातिनीचैः स्वरैरध्ययनमभ्यस्येत्||२४||  

न विद्युत्स्वनार्तवीषु नाभ्युदितासु दिक्षु नाग्निसम्प्लवे न भूमिकम्पे न महोत्सवे नोल्कापाते न महाग्रहोपगमने ननष्टचन्द्रायां तिथौ न सन्ध्ययोर्नामुखाद्गुरोर्नावपतितं नातिमात्रं न तान्तं न विस्वरं नानवस्थितपदं नातिद्रुतं न विलम्बितंनातिक्लीबं नात्युच्चैर्नातिनीचैः स्वरैरध्ययनमभ्यस्येत्||२४||  

Na vidyutsvanārtavīṣu nābhyuditāsu dikṣu nāgnisamplavē na bhūmikampē na mahōtsavē nōlkāpātē namahāgrahōpagamanē na naṣṭacandrāyāṁ tithau na sandhyayōrnāmukhādgurōrnāvapatitaṁ nātimātraṁna tāntaṁ na visvaraṁ nānavasthitapadaṁ nātidrutaṁ na vilambitaṁ nātiklībaṁ nātyuccairnātinīcaiḥsvarairadhyayanamabhyasyēt||24||

Na vidyutsvanārtavīṣu nābhyuditāsu dikṣu nāgnisamplavē na bhūmikampē na mahōtsavē nōlkāpātē namahāgrahōpagamanē na naṣṭacandrāyāṁ tithau na sandhyayōrnāmukhādgurōrnāvapatitaṁ nātimātraṁna tāntaṁ na visvaraṁ nānavasthitapadaṁ nātidrutaṁ na vilambitaṁ nātiklībaṁ nātyuccairnātinīcaiḥsvarairadhyayanamabhyasyēt||24||

na vidyutsvanArtavIShu nAbhyuditAsu dikShu nAgnisamplave na bhUmikampe na mahotsave nolkApAte na mahAgrahopagamane na naShTacandrAyAM tithau nasandhyayornAmukhAdgurornAvapatitaM nAtimAtraM na tAntaM na visvaraM nAnavasthitapadaM nAtidrutaM na vilambitaM nAtiklIbaM nAtyuccairnAtinIcaiHsvarairadhyayanamabhyasyet||24||  

na vidyutsvanArtavIShu nAbhyuditAsu dikShu nAgnisamplave na bhUmikampe na mahotsave nolkApAte na mahAgrahopagamane na naShTacandrAyAM tithau nasandhyayornAmukhAdgurornAvapatitaM nAtimAtraM na tAntaM na visvaraM nAnavasthitapadaM nAtidrutaM na vilambitaM nAtiklIbaM nAtyuccairnAtinIcaiHsvarairadhyayanamabhyasyet||24||  

• One should not study when there is unseasonal lightning, houses appear as if they are burnt, during outbreak of fire, earth quake, grand festivals, fall of meteors, eclipses (solar or lunar). One should not study on a new moon day, during  dawn or dusk.

 

• One should not study without being instructed by preceptor. One should not pronounce words in low, high, weak or deranged voice, without proper accents & morphological symmetry, neither too fast nor too slow, nor with excessive delay and nor with too high or too low pitch of sound. [24]  

* One should not study when there is unseasonal lightning, houses appear as if they are burnt, during outbreak of fire, earth quake, grand festivals, fall of meteors, eclipses (solar or lunar). One should not study on a new moon day, during  dawn or dusk.

Codes for social behaviour:

* One should not study without being instructed by preceptor. One should not pronounce words in low, high, weak or deranged voice, without proper accents & morphological symmetry, neither too fast nor too slow, nor with excessive delay and nor with too high or too low pitch of sound. [24]  

नातिसमयं जह्यात्, न नियमं भिन्द्यात्, न नक्तं नादेशे चरेत्, न सन्ध्यास्वभ्यवहाराध्ययनस्त्रीस्वप्नसेवी स्यात्, नबालवृद्धलुब्धमूर्खक्लिष्टक्लीबैः सह सख्यं कुर्यात्, न मद्यद्यूतवेश्याप्रसङ्गरुचिः स्यात्, न गुह्यं विवृणुयात्, नकञ्चिदवजानीयात्, नाहम्मानी स्यान्नादक्षो नादक्षिणो नासूयकः, न ब्राह्मणान्  परिवदेत्, न गवां दण्डमुद्यच्छेत्, नवृद्धान्न गुरून्न गणान्न नृपान् वाऽधिक्षिपेत्, न चातिब्रूयात्, न बान्धवानुरक्तकृच्छ्रद्वितीयगुह्यज्ञान् बहिष्कुर्यात्||२५||

 

Nātisamayaṁ jahyāt, na niyamaṁ bhindyāt, na naktaṁ nādēśē carēt, nasandhyāsvabhyavahārādhyayanastrīsvapnasēvī syāt, na bālavr̥ddhalubdhamūrkhakliṣṭaklībaiḥ sahasakhyaṁ kuryāt, na madyadyūtavēśyāprasaṅgaruciḥ syāt, na guhyaṁ vivr̥ṇuyāt, na kañcidavajānīyāt,nāhammānī syānnādakṣō nādakṣiṇō nāsūyakaḥ, na brāhmaṇān  parivadēt, na gavāṁ daṇḍamudyacchēt,na vr̥ddhānna gurūnna gaṇānna nr̥pān vā'dhikṣipēt, na cātibrūyāt, nabāndhavānuraktakr̥cchradvitīyaguhyajñān bahiṣkuryāt||25||  

==== Codes for social behavior ====

 

नातिसमयं जह्यात्, न नियमं भिन्द्यात्, न नक्तं नादेशे चरेत्, न सन्ध्यास्वभ्यवहाराध्ययनस्त्रीस्वप्नसेवी स्यात्, नबालवृद्धलुब्धमूर्खक्लिष्टक्लीबैः सह सख्यं कुर्यात्, न मद्यद्यूतवेश्याप्रसङ्गरुचिः स्यात्, न गुह्यं विवृणुयात्, नकञ्चिदवजानीयात्, नाहम्मानी स्यान्नादक्षो नादक्षिणो नासूयकः, न ब्राह्मणान्  परिवदेत्, न गवां दण्डमुद्यच्छेत्, नवृद्धान्न गुरून्न गणान्न नृपान् वाऽधिक्षिपेत्, न चातिब्रूयात्, न बान्धवानुरक्तकृच्छ्रद्वितीयगुह्यज्ञान् बहिष्कुर्यात्||२५||

 

Nātisamayaṁ jahyāt, na niyamaṁ bhindyāt, na naktaṁ nādēśē carēt, nasandhyāsvabhyavahārādhyayanastrīsvapnasēvī syāt, na bālavr̥ddhalubdhamūrkhakliṣṭaklībaiḥ sahasakhyaṁ kuryāt, na madyadyūtavēśyāprasaṅgaruciḥ syāt, na guhyaṁ vivr̥ṇuyāt, na kañcidavajānīyāt,nāhammānī syānnādakṣō nādakṣiṇō nāsūyakaḥ, na brāhmaṇān  parivadēt, na gavāṁ daṇḍamudyacchēt,na vr̥ddhānna gurūnna gaṇānna nr̥pān vā'dhikṣipēt, na cātibrūyāt, nabāndhavānuraktakr̥cchradvitīyaguhyajñān bahiṣkuryāt||25||  

 

nAtisamayaM jahyAt, na niyamaM bhindyAt, na naktaM nAdeshe caret, na sandhyAsvabhyavahArAdhyayanastrIsvapnasevI syAt, nabAlavRuddhalubdhamUrkhakliShTaklIbaiH saha sakhyaM kuryAt, na madyadyUtaveshyAprasa~ggaruciH syAt, na guhyaM vivRuNuyAt, na ka~jcidavajAnIyAt,nAhammAnI syAnnAdakSho nAdakShiNo nAsUyakaH, na brAhmaNAn [33] parivadet, na gavAM daNDamudyacchet, na vRuddhAnna gurUnna gaNAnna nRupAnvA~adhikShipet, na cAtibrUyAt, na bAndhavAnuraktakRucchradvitIyaguhyaj~jAn bahiShkuryAt||25||

nAtisamayaM jahyAt, na niyamaM bhindyAt, na naktaM nAdeshe caret, na sandhyAsvabhyavahArAdhyayanastrIsvapnasevI syAt, nabAlavRuddhalubdhamUrkhakliShTaklIbaiH saha sakhyaM kuryAt, na madyadyUtaveshyAprasa~ggaruciH syAt, na guhyaM vivRuNuyAt, na ka~jcidavajAnIyAt,nAhammAnI syAnnAdakSho nAdakShiNo nAsUyakaH, na brAhmaNAn [33] parivadet, na gavAM daNDamudyacchet, na vRuddhAnna gurUnna gaNAnna nRupAnvA~adhikShipet, na cAtibrUyAt, na bAndhavAnuraktakRucchradvitIyaguhyaj~jAn bahiShkuryAt||25||

• One should not deviate from generally approved social practices & should not break any  code of conduct.

 

• One should not move in the night or in an inappropriate place. One should not indulge in taking food, studies, sexual relations or sleep during the dawn or dusk.

* One should not deviate from generally approved social practices & should not break any  code of conduct.

• One should not make friendship with children, the old, the greedy, the fools, the persons under affliction and the eunuchs.

* One should not move in the night or in an inappropriate place. One should not indulge in taking food, studies, sexual relations or sleep during the dawn or dusk.

• One should not have interest in taking wine, gambling & making physical relationship with prostitutes.

* One should not make friendship with children, the old, the greedy, the fools, the persons under affliction and the eunuchs.

• One should not disclose secrets & should not insult anybody. One should not be self conceited, unskilled, inexperienced and envious.  One should not insult the brahmins nor should beat the cow with sticks. One should not abuse the old, the preceptors, the administrative class and the king.

* One should not have interest in taking wine, gambling & making physical relationship with prostitutes.

• One should not speak too much nor treat kins, persons attached, that stood along in difficult times and the persons who know the secrets disparagingly. [25]  

* One should not disclose secrets & should not insult anybody. One should not be self conceited, unskilled, inexperienced and envious.  One should not insult the brahmins nor should beat the cow with sticks. One should not abuse the old, the preceptors, the administrative class and the king.

Codes for maintaining good psyche in society:

* One should not speak too much nor treat kins, persons attached, that stood along in difficult times and the persons who know the secrets disparagingly. [25]  

 

==== Codes for maintaining good psyche in society ====

 

नाधीरो नात्युच्छ्रितसत्त्वः स्यात्, नाभृतभृत्यः, नाविश्रब्धस्वजनः, नैकः सुखी, न दुःखशीलाचारोपचारः, न सर्वविश्रम्भी, नसर्वाभिशङ्की, न सर्वकालविचारी||२६||  

नाधीरो नात्युच्छ्रितसत्त्वः स्यात्, नाभृतभृत्यः, नाविश्रब्धस्वजनः, नैकः सुखी, न दुःखशीलाचारोपचारः, न सर्वविश्रम्भी, नसर्वाभिशङ्की, न सर्वकालविचारी||२६||  

Nādhīrō nātyucchritasattvaḥ syāt, nābhr̥tabhr̥tyaḥ, nāviśrabdhasvajanaḥ, naikaḥ sukhī, naduḥkhaśīlācārōpacāraḥ, na sarvaviśrambhī, na sarvābhiśaṅkī, na sarvakālavicārī||26||  

 

Nādhīrō nātyucchritasattvaḥ syāt, nābhr̥tabhr̥tyaḥ, nāviśrabdhasvajanaḥ, naikaḥ sukhī, naduḥkhaśīlācārōpacāraḥ, na sarvaviśrambhī, na sarvābhiśaṅkī, na sarvakālavicārī||26||  

 

nAdhIro nAtyucchritasattvaH syAt, nAbhRutabhRutyaH, nAvishrabdhasvajanaH, naikaH sukhI, na duHkhashIlAcAropacAraH, na sarvavishrambhI, nasarvAbhisha~gkI, na sarvakAlavicArI||26||

nAdhIro nAtyucchritasattvaH syAt, nAbhRutabhRutyaH, nAvishrabdhasvajanaH, naikaH sukhI, na duHkhashIlAcAropacAraH, na sarvavishrambhI, nasarvAbhisha~gkI, na sarvakAlavicArI||26||

• One should not be impatient, or overexcited/ over exhilarated.

 

• One should not be the person who does not support his attendants, confide in his kins, be happy alone and has unpleasant conduct, behaviour and attendance.

* One should not be impatient, or overexcited/ over exhilarated.

• One should not rely on everybody nor suspect all and should not be critical (too meticulous) at all times. [26]

* One should not be the person who does not support his attendants, confide in his kins, be happy alone and has unpleasant conduct, behaviour and attendance.

* One should not rely on everybody nor suspect all and should not be critical (too meticulous) at all times. [26]

न कार्यकालमतिपातयेत्, नापरीक्षितमभिनिविशेत्, नेन्द्रियवशगः स्यात्, न चञ्चलं मनोऽनुभ्रामयेत्, नबुद्धीन्द्रियाणामतिभारमादध्यात्, न चातिदीर्घसूत्री स्यात्, न क्रोधहर्षावनुविदध्यात्, न शोकमनुवसेत्, न सिद्धावुत्सेकं यच्छेन्नासिद्धौ दैन्यं, प्रकृतिमभीक्ष्णं स्मरेत्, हेतुप्रभावनिश्चितः स्याद्धेत्वारम्भनित्यश्च, न कृतमित्याश्वसेत्, न वीर्यंजह्यात्, नापवादमनुस्मरेत्||२७||   

न कार्यकालमतिपातयेत्, नापरीक्षितमभिनिविशेत्, नेन्द्रियवशगः स्यात्, न चञ्चलं मनोऽनुभ्रामयेत्, नबुद्धीन्द्रियाणामतिभारमादध्यात्, न चातिदीर्घसूत्री स्यात्, न क्रोधहर्षावनुविदध्यात्, न शोकमनुवसेत्, न सिद्धावुत्सेकं यच्छेन्नासिद्धौ दैन्यं, प्रकृतिमभीक्ष्णं स्मरेत्, हेतुप्रभावनिश्चितः स्याद्धेत्वारम्भनित्यश्च, न कृतमित्याश्वसेत्, न वीर्यंजह्यात्, नापवादमनुस्मरेत्||२७||   

Na kāryakālamatipātayēt, nāparīkṣitamabhiniviśēt, nēndriyavaśagaḥ syāt, na cañcalaṁmanō'nubhrāmayēt, na buddhīndriyāṇāmatibhāramādadhyāt, na cātidīrghasūtrī syāt, nakrōdhaharṣāvanuvidadhyāt, na śōkamanuvasēt, na siddhāvutsēkaṁ  yacchēnnāsiddhau dainyaṁ,prakr̥timabhīkṣṇaṁ smarēt, hētuprabhāvaniścitaḥ syāddhētvārambhanityaśca, na kr̥tamityāśvasēt, navīryaṁ jahyāt, nāpavādamanusmarēt||27||  

Na kāryakālamatipātayēt, nāparīkṣitamabhiniviśēt, nēndriyavaśagaḥ syāt, na cañcalaṁmanō'nubhrāmayēt, na buddhīndriyāṇāmatibhāramādadhyāt, na cātidīrghasūtrī syāt, nakrōdhaharṣāvanuvidadhyāt, na śōkamanuvasēt, na siddhāvutsēkaṁ  yacchēnnāsiddhau dainyaṁ,prakr̥timabhīkṣṇaṁ smarēt, hētuprabhāvaniścitaḥ syāddhētvārambhanityaśca, na kr̥tamityāśvasēt, navīryaṁ jahyāt, nāpavādamanusmarēt||27||  

na kAryakAlamatipAtayet, nAparIkShitamabhinivishet, nendriyavashagaH syAt, na ca~jcalaM mano~anubhrAmayet, na buddhIndriyANAmatibhAramAdadhyAt, nacAtidIrghasUtrI syAt, na krodhaharShAvanuvidadhyAt, na shokamanuvaset, na siddhAvutsekaM [34] yacchennAsiddhau dainyaM, prakRutimabhIkShNaM smaret,hetuprabhAvanishcitaH syAddhetvArambhanityashca, na kRutamityAshvaset, na vIryaM jahyAt, nApavAdamanusmaret||27||

 

• One should not be in a habit of postponing things at the time of action. One should not indulge in any activity without properly examining it.

na kAryakAlamatipAtayet, nAparIkShitamabhinivishet, nendriyavashagaH syAt, na ca~jcalaM mano~anubhrAmayet, na buddhIndriyANAmatibhAramAdadhyAt, nacAtidIrghasUtrI syAt, na krodhaharShAvanuvidadhyAt, na shokamanuvaset, na siddhAvutsekaM yacchennAsiddhau dainyaM, prakRutimabhIkShNaM smaret,hetuprabhAvanishcitaH syAddhetvArambhanityashca, na kRutamityAshvaset, na vIryaM jahyAt, nApavAdamanusmaret||27||

• One should not be submissive to his senses nor should let his fickle mind move around. One should overburden his/her intellect or senses.

 

• One should avoid procrastinating. One should not do things in a fit of anger or rejoicing. One should not be under continuous grief. One should not be conceited over achievements or desperate in loss.  

* One should not be in a habit of postponing things at the time of action. One should not indulge in any activity without properly examining it.

• One should always remember his own constitution of mind (nature). One should have faith in the correlation of the cause & effect that is good & bad deeds and their corresponding results and should always act on it.

* One should not be submissive to his senses nor should let his fickle mind move around. One should overburden his/her intellect or senses.

• One should not be despondent and assume that now nothing can be done. One should not lose spirit (give up courage) nor should remember his insults. [27]  

* One should avoid procrastinating. One should not do things in a fit of anger or rejoicing. One should not be under continuous grief. One should not be conceited over achievements or desperate in loss.  

* One should always remember his own constitution of mind (nature). One should have faith in the correlation of the cause & effect that is good & bad deeds and their corresponding results and should always act on it.

* One should not be despondent and assume that now nothing can be done. One should not lose spirit (give up courage) nor should remember his insults. [27]  

Auspicious codes of conduct:

Auspicious codes of conduct: