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=== ''Tattva Vimarsha'' ===

=== ''Tattva Vimarsha'' ===

*Dehāgni (all the entities in the body that are responsible for digestion and metabolism) is the fundamental causative agent for longevity, normal complexion, normal strength, good health, motivation, normal growth, normal luster, normal ojas, normal body temperature and various other forms of agni. Even the existence of an individual is said to be because of dehāgni (3).

*''Dehagni'' (all the entities in the body that are responsible for digestion and metabolism) is the fundamental causative agent for longevity, normal complexion, normal strength, good health, motivation, normal growth, normal luster, normal ''ojas'', normal body temperature and various other forms of ''agni''. Even the existence of an individual is said to be because of ''dehagni'' (3).

*When the agni stops functioning, the individual dies; if the agni functions normally, the individual can lead a healthy and long life. .  Similarly, if the agni becomes abnormal, the individual suffers from various diseases; and hence, the agni is said to be the root cause of health and longevity (4).

*When the ''agni'' stops functioning, the individual dies; if the ''agni'' functions normally, the individual can lead a healthy and long life. Similarly, if the ''agni'' becomes abnormal, the individual suffers from various diseases; and hence, the ''agni'' is said to be the root cause of health and longevity (4).

*Normal functioning of agni is essential to make the consumed food capable of nourishing the body tissues and of promoting the ojas (vital essence), strength, complexion etc. In the absence of normal digestion (and metabolism), the normal body tissues such as rasa cannot be formed nor nourished (5).

*Normal functioning of ''agni'' is essential to make the consumed food capable of nourishing the body tissues and of promoting the ''ojas'' (vital essence), strength, complexion etc. In the absence of normal digestion (and metabolism), the normal body tissues such as ''rasa'' cannot be formed nor nourished (5).

*Vata dosha, specifically prana vata and samana vata play significant role in process of digestion and metabolism.  

*''Vata dosha'', specifically ''prana vata'' and ''samana vata'' play significant role in process of digestion and metabolism.  

*Three doshas are produced in three consequent stages of digestion after consumption of food. Kapha is produced in first stage of madhura avasthapaka; pitta in second stage of amla avasthapaka and vata is produced in third stage of katu avasthapaka. The site of production and time of production of dosha is in sequence as the process of digestion proceeds. Increase or decrease in quantity of dosha depends upon similarity or dis-similarity of basic composition of food consumed.  

*Three ''doshas'' are produced in three consequent stages of digestion after consumption of food. ''Kapha'' is produced in first stage of ''madhura avasthapaka''; pitta in second stage of ''amla avasthapaka'' and ''vata'' is produced in third stage of ''katu avasthapaka''. The site of production and time of production of ''dosha'' is in sequence as the process of digestion proceeds. Increase or decrease in quantity of ''dosha'' depends upon similarity or dis-similarity of basic composition of food consumed.  

*The first phase of digestion is carried out by jatharagni, second phase by bhutagni and third phase by dhatvagni. These are different levels of action of agni where various digestive and metabolic processes take place.  

*The first phase of digestion is carried out by ''jatharagni'', second phase by ''bhutagni'' and third phase by ''dhatvagni''. These are different levels of action of ''agni'' where various digestive and metabolic processes take place.  

*During the processing by dhatvagni, Stanya (breast milk) and the menstrual blood are derived after rasa. Kaṇḍarā (tendon) and sirā(vein) are derived after rakta. Vasā(fat) and the six layers of tvachā (skin) are derived after māṃsa (muscle) and snāyu(ligament) are derived after medas (adipose tissue) (17).

*During the processing by ''dhatvagni, stanya'' (breast milk) and the menstrual blood are derived after ''rasa''. ''Kandara'' (tendon) and ''sira''(vein) are derived after ''rakta''. ''Vasa''(fat) and the six layers of ''tvacha'' (skin) are derived after ''mamsa'' (muscle) and ''snayu''(ligament) are derived after ''medas'' (adipose tissue) (17).

*The faeces and the urine are the kiṭṭa (non-nutrient portion/waste portion/byproduct) of ingested food. The kiṭṭa of rasa is mala-kapha (excretions). Mala-pitta (bile pigment) is the kiṭṭa of rakta. Kha-mala (the wastes accumulated in the hollow structures of the body such as external ears and nostrils) are the kiṭṭa of māṃsa. Sweda (sweat) is the mala of medas. Keśa (hairs on the head) and loma (body hair) are the mala of asthi. The mala of majjā is the oily excretion of the eye and the skin (sebum). Thus, the dhātus continuously undergo two kinds of transformation: prasāda (nutrient portion) and kiṭṭa (non-nutrient portion). This entire sequence of transformation and metabolism of dhātu is thus inter dependent (18-19½ ).

*The feces and the urine are the ''kitta'' (non-nutrient portion/waste portion/byproduct) of ingested food. The ''kiṭṭa'' of ''rasa'' is ''mala-kapha'' (excretions). ''Mala-pitta'' (bile pigment) is the ''kitta'' of ''rakta''. ''Kha-mala'' (the wastes accumulated in the hollow structures of the body such as external ears and nostrils) are the ''kitta'' of ''mamsa''. ''Sweda'' (sweat) is the ''mala'' of ''medas''. ''Kesha'' (hairs on the head) and ''loma'' (body hair) are the ''mala'' of ''asthi''. The ''mala'' of ''majja'' is the oily excretion of the eye and the skin (sebum). Thus, the ''dhatus'' continuously undergo two kinds of transformation: ''prasada'' (nutrient portion) and ''kitta'' (non-nutrient portion). This entire sequence of transformation and metabolism of ''dhatu'' is thus inter dependent (18-19½ ).

*Disorders of various factors mentioned above shall be treated after considering the original dhatu from which the factor is derived.  

*Disorders of various factors mentioned above shall be treated after considering the original ''dhatu'' from which the factor is derived.  

*Vyāna vāta forcefully propels the rasa dhātu out of the heart and spreads it all over the body simultaneously, continuously and for the entire life (36).

*''Vyana vata'' forcefully propels the ''rasa dhatu'' out of the heart and spreads it all over the body simultaneously, continuously and for the entire life (36).

*Disease is produced only at the site of abnormality of body systems.  

*Disease is produced only at the site of abnormality of body systems.  

*Life and strength of an individual depends on agni hence one should take utmost care to maintain the agni by providing fuel in the form of food and drinks which should be taken as per the rules mentioned. (40)

*Life and strength of an individual depends on ''agni'' hence one should take utmost care to maintain the ''agni'' by providing fuel in the form of food and drinks which should be taken as per the rules mentioned. (40)

*If the rules of diet and dietary habits are not followed due to greed, then disease of grahani occurs.  

*If the rules of diet and dietary habits are not followed due to greed, then disease of ''grahani'' occurs.  

*The anna-visha (toxins) produced due to improper digestion and metabolism causes diseases at the sites of affliction.  

*The ''anna-visha'' (toxins) produced due to improper digestion and metabolism causes diseases at the sites of affliction.  

*The vishāmagni (improper agni) causes irregularity in digestion and therefore defective formation of dhātu takes place. Whereas, tīkṣṇāgni (excessive agni) when associated with little quantity of fuel (in the form of food) causes depletion of dhātu (tissue elements) (50).

*The ''vishamagni'' (improper ''agni'') causes irregularity in digestion and therefore defective formation of ''dhatu'' takes place. Whereas, ''teekshnagni'' (excessive ''agni'') when associated with little quantity of fuel (in the form of food) causes depletion of ''dhatu'' (tissue elements) (50).

*The digestive disorder of grahani can lead to secondary disorders related with other body systems along with digestive system.  

*The digestive disorder of ''grahani'' can lead to secondary disorders related with other body systems along with digestive system.  

*Grahaṇī disease is classified into four types viz vātaja, pittaja, kaphaja and sannipātaja depending upon the dominance of dosha and on the basis of the classification, etiological factors, symptoms and signs are varied.

*''Grahani'' disease is classified into four types viz vātaja, pittaja, kaphaja and sannipātaja depending upon the dominance of dosha and on the basis of the classification, etiological factors, symptoms and signs are varied.

*When the dōṣhas are located in grahaṇī and are associated with incomplete digested food then vamana (emetic therapy) is advised.  

*When the dōṣhas are located in grahaṇī and are associated with incomplete digested food then vamana (emetic therapy) is advised.  

*If the ama is in pakvāśaya and in anutkliṣṭa (stuck, not ready to come out) condition, then stravan (increasing secretion) with dīpana dravyas should be administered.  

*If the ama is in pakvāśaya and in anutkliṣṭa (stuck, not ready to come out) condition, then stravan (increasing secretion) with dīpana dravyas should be administered.