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Line 1,648: − + − Importance of dhupan karma (fumigation therapy) in wound sterilization healing process: − Fumigation of ulcer is done with dhupan dravyas (fumigating materials). [ , ] Purpose of fumigation is to make suitable conditions for better ulcer healing such as local sterilization, vasodilation, decreased discharge and removal of foul smell. Fumigation also relieves pain, discharge and kills microorganisms due to vata, kapha alleviating property along with antiseptic property. [ ] Various types of preparations are used to harden or soften the wounds as per condition of wound. − 1. Research studies on management of ulcers: The physician observing inflammation as prodromal sign in the beginning should apply blood-letting to prevent the manifestation of wound. Sushruta also indicated blood letting in initial stage of abscess or inflammatory conditions and in ischemic condition of the wound. (SU. Su. ---) [ ] − 2. The nagrodhyadi group is indicated in wound as cooling for wounds which is found healing potential in one research. [ ] + − 3. The panchavakkal (Vata (Ficus bengalensis+ − + + + + + + + + − 4. Bala (Sida cordifolia Linn.), guduchi (Tinospora cordifolia), madhuka (Glycyrrhiza glabra Linn.), prshnaparni (Uraria picta Desv), satavari (Asparagus racemosus Willd), jivanti (Leptadenia reticulate W. & A.), sugar, milk, oil, fish fat, ghee cooked with beewax is known as ‘sneha sarkara’, it relieves pain. Some studies have highlighted the wound healing potential of honey mixed with above drugs. [ , ] +
→Indications and contraindications of agnikarma (cauterization) in various disorders
==== Indications and contraindications of agnikarma (cauterization) in various disorders ====
==== Indications and contraindications of agnikarma (cauterization) in various disorders ====
''Agni karma'' (cauterization by application of heat) is used as precaution for excessive bleeding ulcers, excision of hanging flesh, ''kaphaja granthi'' (enlarged gland due to ''kapha''), goitre and in stiffness (associated with ''vata'') etc. ''Agnikarma'' has ''ushna guna'' (hot property) which is opposite to ''vata'' and ''kapha''. Due to heat, vasodilation leads to alleviation of srotorodha resulting in proper vascularity to organ or part. Dahakarma (cauterization) causes constriction of blood vessels so prevents bleeding from ulcer. [ ] Cauterization is performed with the help of many substances like unctuous or ununctous substances etc by many ways e.g. Small spot (bindu), shape of ring (valaya) etc depending on nature of disease, strength of patient and time of application.
''Agni karma'' (cauterization by application of heat) is used as precaution for excessive bleeding ulcers, excision of hanging flesh, ''kaphaja granthi'' (enlarged gland due to ''kapha''), goitre and in stiffness (associated with ''vata'') etc. ''Agnikarma'' has ''ushna guna'' (hot property) which is opposite to ''vata'' and ''kapha''. Due to heat, vasodilation leads to alleviation of ''srotorodha'' resulting in proper vascularity to organ or part. ''Dahakarma'' (cauterization) causes constriction of blood vessels so prevents bleeding from ulcer. [ ] Cauterization is performed with the help of many substances like unctuous or ununctous substances etc by many ways e.g. Small spot (''bindu''), shape of ring (''valaya'') etc depending on nature of disease, strength of patient and time of application.
==== Importance of ''dhupana karma'' (fumigation therapy) in wound sterilization healing process ====
Linn), Udumbara (Ficus glomerata Roxb.), Ashvattha (Ficus religiosa Linn.), Parisha/Pāriśa (Thespesia populenoides L.) and Plaksha (Ficus lacor Buch Ham.),) is indicated for the healing of chronic wound. In resent studies panchavalkal has antiinflammatory, cleaning and healing potential in some research studies carried out and published in reputed journals of Ayurveda.[ , , , , , ]
Fumigation of ulcer is done with ''dhupana dravyas'' (fumigating materials). [ , ] Purpose of fumigation is to make suitable conditions for better ulcer healing such as local sterilization, vasodilation, decreased discharge and removal of foul smell.
Fumigation also relieves pain, discharge and kills microorganisms due to ''vata, kapha'' alleviating property along with antiseptic property. [ ] Various types of preparations are used to harden or soften the wounds as per condition of wound.
#Research studies on management of ulcers: The physician observing inflammation as prodromal sign in the beginning should apply blood-letting to prevent the manifestation of wound. Sushruta also indicated blood letting in initial stage of abscess or inflammatory conditions and in ischemic condition of the wound. (SU. Su. ---) [ ]
#The ''nagrodhyadi'' group is indicated in wound as cooling for wounds which is found healing potential in one research. [ ]
#The ''panchavakkal'' (Vata (Ficus bengalensis Linn), ''Udumbara'' (Ficus glomerata Roxb.), ''Ashvattha'' (Ficus religiosa Linn.), ''Parisha/Pāriśa'' (Thespesia populenoides L.) and ''Plaksha'' (Ficus lacor Buch Ham.),) is indicated for the healing of chronic wound. In resent studies ''panchavalkal'' has anti-inflammatory, cleaning and healing potential in some research studies carried out and published in reputed journals of Ayurveda.[ , , , , , ]
#''Bala'' (Sida cordifolia Linn.), ''guduchi'' (Tinospora cordifolia), ''madhuka'' (Glycyrrhiza glabra Linn.), ''prshnaparni'' (Uraria picta Desv), ''satavari'' (Asparagus racemosus Willd), ''jivanti'' (Leptadenia reticulate W. & A.), sugar, milk, oil, fish fat, ghee cooked with beeswax is known as ''sneha sarkara,'' it relieves pain. Some studies have highlighted the wound healing potential of honey mixed with above drugs. [ , ]
Various preparations containing following herbal drugs have wound cleaning effect in single and combination of drugs. The recent studies showed their efficacy as evidence based. Leaves of nimb (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) [ , , , ] and haridra (Curcuma longa Linn.) are mentioned as the shodhan and ropan(healing) of wound. [ , , ] The daruharidra (Berberis aristata DC) also showed antimicrobial effect. [ ]
Various preparations containing following herbal drugs have wound cleaning effect in single and combination of drugs. The recent studies showed their efficacy as evidence based. Leaves of nimb (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) [ , , , ] and haridra (Curcuma longa Linn.) are mentioned as the shodhan and ropan(healing) of wound. [ , , ] The daruharidra (Berberis aristata DC) also showed antimicrobial effect. [ ]
Wounds with foul odour, abnormal colour, profuse discharge and intense pain should be known as dusta vrana (unclean) and as such wounds should be treated with cleansing agents. Decoctions of triphala, khadira (Acasia catechu Willd), daruharidra (Berberis aristata DC), nyagrodhadi group, bala (Sida cordifolia Linn.), kusa (Desmostachya bipinnata Stapf.), leaves of nimb (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) and badara (Zizyphus jujube Lam.) are regarded as cleansing drugs. Tila paste, salt, haridra (Curcuma longa Linn.), daruharidra (Berberis aristata DC), trivrit (Operculina turpethum Linn.) ghrita, madhuka, nimba leaves- this formulation is said as wound cleanser. Most of the ingredients like triphala,[ ] khadira, daruharidra, nyagrodhadi group nimb, haridra, daruharidra, madhuka are the ingredients of jatyadi taila /ghrita which is well known formulation in managment of chronic wound for shodhan and ropan of wounds. [ , , , , , , ]
Wounds with foul odour, abnormal colour, profuse discharge and intense pain should be known as dusta vrana (unclean) and as such wounds should be treated with cleansing agents. Decoctions of triphala, khadira (Acasia catechu Willd), daruharidra (Berberis aristata DC), nyagrodhadi group, bala (Sida cordifolia Linn.), kusa (Desmostachya bipinnata Stapf.), leaves of nimb (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) and badara (Zizyphus jujube Lam.) are regarded as cleansing drugs. Tila paste, salt, haridra (Curcuma longa Linn.), daruharidra (Berberis aristata DC), trivrit (Operculina turpethum Linn.) ghrita, madhuka, nimba leaves- this formulation is said as wound cleanser. Most of the ingredients like triphala,[ ] khadira, daruharidra, nyagrodhadi group nimb, haridra, daruharidra, madhuka are the ingredients of jatyadi taila /ghrita which is well known formulation in managment of chronic wound for shodhan and ropan of wounds. [ , , , , , , ]
5. The drugs which are helpful for healing of fresh and infected or chronic wounds are mentioned in the text. Among these drugs following drugs are having some research studies carried out for their healing effect.
5. The drugs which are helpful for healing of fresh and infected or chronic wounds are mentioned in the text. Among these drugs following drugs are having some research studies carried out for their healing effect.