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Disha (dik) is one among nine fundamental substances ([[dravya]]). The place and existence of a subject are stated with space or direction. Cognition ([[jnana]]) of placement of a particular thing, its relative reality is done only through knowing the direction (disha). Knowledge of ‘disha’ is an integral part of life. Both living and non-living matters from a single electron in an atom to the ever-expanding universe, follow the concept of disha. Dik is everywhere, all around us.
Disha (dik) is one among nine fundamental substances ([[dravya]]). The place and existence of a subject are stated with space or direction. Cognition ([[jnana]]) of placement of a particular thing, its relative reality is done only through knowing the direction (disha). Knowledge of ‘disha’ is an integral part of life. Both living and non-living matters from a single electron in an atom to the ever-expanding universe, follow the concept of disha. Dik is everywhere, all around us.
The concept of directions and its applications are developed in modern times. Many theories are postulated on this concept. Laws of motion by Sir Issac Newton, theory of relativity, the effect of magnetic field of earth and planets<ref>Hulot, G., Finlay, C.C., Constable, C.G. et al. The Magnetic Field of Planet Earth. Space Sci Rev 152, 159–222 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11214-010-9644-0</ref>, the effect of gravity<ref>Verlinde, E. On the origin of gravity and the laws of Newton. J. High Energ. Phys. 2011, 29 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP04(2011)029</ref> and all navigation techniques depend on the concept of directions or geographical regions.
The concept of directions and its applications are developed in modern times. Many theories are postulated on this concept. Laws of motion by Sir Issac Newton, theory of relativity, the effect of magnetic field of earth and planets<ref>Hulot, G., Finlay, C.C., Constable, C.G. et al. The Magnetic Field of Planet Earth. Space Sci Rev 152, 159–222 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11214-010-9644-0</ref>, the effect of gravity<ref>Verlinde, E. On the origin of gravity and the laws of Newton. J. High Energ. Phys. 2011, 29 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP04(2011)029</ref> and all navigation techniques depend on the concept of directions or geographical regions.
Biogeographical shifts are a ubiquitous global response to climate change. However, observed shifts across taxa and geographical locations are highly variable and only partially attributable to climatic conditions. Such variable outcomes result from the interaction between local climatic changes and other abiotic and biotic factors operating across species ranges. Among them, external directional forces such as ocean and air currents influence the dispersal of nearly all marine and many terrestrial organisms.<ref>García Molinos, J., Burrows, M.T. & Poloczanska, E.S. Ocean currents modify the coupling between climate change and biogeographical shifts. Sci Rep 7, 1332 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-01309-y</ref>
Where there is light, there is a flow of energy. From simple imaging techniques like photography to advanced techniques like microscopy, ultrasound, CT (Computed Tomography), MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging), PET (Positron Emission Tomography), and molecular probes such as quantum dots and nanoshells - everything is based on the direction and capture of the flow of energy.<ref>Kherlopian, A.R., Song, T., Duan, Q. et al. A review of imaging techniques for systems biology. BMC Syst Biol 2, 74 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1186/1752-0509-2-74</ref> Conversion of one form of energy to another form is called transduction. Plants utilize several families of photoreceptors to fine-tune growth and development over a large range of environmental conditions. The UV-A/blue light sensing phototropins mediate several light responses enabling optimization of photosynthetic yields.<ref>Chen M, Chory J, Fankhauser C. Light signal transduction in higher plants. Annu. Rev. Genet.. 2004 Dec 15;38:87-117.</ref> It all depend on the intensity and direction of the light captured by the leaves of a plant. From leptons and quarks to an ever-expanding universe from big bang, direction (dik) is applied everywhere.<ref>Yagi K, Hatsuda T, Miake Y. Quark-gluon plasma: From big bang to little bang. Cambridge University Press; 2005 Dec 15.</ref>
==Current researches==
Less research work is conducted on the concept of disha in [[Ayurveda]]. The research on oil drop examination (taila-bindupariksha) under the examination of urine ([[mutra]] parisksha) is done upto some extent.<ref>Sangu PK, Kumar VM, Shekhar MS, Chagam MK, Goli PP, Tirupati PK. A study on Tailabindu pariksha - An ancient Ayurvedic method of urine examination as a diagnostic and prognostic tool. Ayu. 2011;32(1):76-81. doi:10.4103/0974-8520.85735</ref>
The work by Sood T. et.al summarizes that the concept of disha is applied in one or another way in all streams of ancient sciences and current sciences. Ancient sciences like [[Ayurveda]], Darshana Shastra (philosophy), Jyotisha Shastra (astrology), Vastushastra (architecture) have particular understanding and explanation regarding directions (disha) based on their objectives and applications. All the modern imaging techniques apply the concept of directions (dik). The use of the concept is not just restricted to philosophy or medical sciences. Dik is omnipresent, like gravity, and it is an integral part of our lives.
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