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Water is predominantly composed of soma (ap), generated in sky, naturally cold, light and having unmanifested rasas. This, while falling from the sky, gets endowed with the properties of five bhutas and thus dropped (on the ground) nourishes the physical forms of animals and plants. In this process, six rasas manifest in water. [39]

Water is predominantly composed of soma (ap), generated in sky, naturally cold, light and having unmanifested rasas. This, while falling from the sky, gets endowed with the properties of five bhutas and thus dropped (on the ground) nourishes the physical forms of animals and plants. In this process, six rasas manifest in water. [39]

तेषां षण्णां रसानां सोमगुणातिरेकान्मधुरो  रसः, पृथिव्यग्निभूयिष्ठत्वादम्लः,   सलिलाग्निभूयिष्ठत्वाल्लवणः, वाय्वग्निभूयिष्ठत्वात् कटुकः, वाय्वाकाशातिरिक्तत्वात्तिक्तः, पवनपृथिवीव्यतिरेकात् कषाय इति|  

तेषां षण्णां रसानां सोमगुणातिरेकान्मधुरो  रसः, पृथिव्यग्निभूयिष्ठत्वादम्लः, सलिलाग्निभूयिष्ठत्वाल्लवणः, वाय्वग्निभूयिष्ठत्वात् कटुकः, वाय्वाकाशातिरिक्तत्वात्तिक्तः, पवनपृथिवीव्यतिरेकात् कषाय इति|  

एवमेषां रसानां षट्त्वमुपपन्नं न्यूनातिरेकविशेषान्महाभूतानां भूतानामिव स्थावरजङ्गमानां  

एवमेषां रसानां षट्त्वमुपपन्नं न्यूनातिरेकविशेषान्महाभूतानां भूतानामिव स्थावरजङ्गमानां  

नानावर्णाकृतिविशेषाः; षडृतुकत्वाच्च कालस्योपपन्नो महाभूतानां न्यूनातिरेकविशेषः||४०||  

नानावर्णाकृतिविशेषाः; षडृतुकत्वाच्च कालस्योपपन्नो महाभूतानां न्यूनातिरेकविशेषः||४०||  

tēṣāṁ ṣaṇṇāṁ rasānāṁ sōmaguṇātirēkānmadhurō  rasaḥ,  

tēṣāṁ ṣaṇṇāṁ rasānāṁ sōmaguṇātirēkānmadhurō  rasaḥ,  

pr̥thivyagnibhūyiṣṭhatvādamlaḥ, salilāgnibhūyiṣṭhatvāllavaṇaḥ,  

pr̥thivyagnibhūyiṣṭhatvādamlaḥ, salilāgnibhūyiṣṭhatvāllavaṇaḥ,  

pavanapr̥thivīvyatirēkāt kaṣāya iti|  

pavanapr̥thivīvyatirēkāt kaṣāya iti|  

ēvamēṣāṁ rasānāṁ ṣaṭtvamupapannaṁ nyūnātirēkaviśēṣānmahābhūtānāṁ bhūtānāmiva sthāvarajaṅgamānāṁ nānāvarṇākr̥tiviśēṣāḥ; ṣaḍr̥tukatvācca kālasyōpapannō mahābhūtānāṁ nyūnātirēkaviśēṣaḥ||40||  

ēvamēṣāṁ rasānāṁ ṣaṭtvamupapannaṁ nyūnātirēkaviśēṣānmahābhūtānāṁ bhūtānāmiva sthāvarajaṅgamānāṁ nānāvarṇākr̥tiviśēṣāḥ; ṣaḍr̥tukatvācca kālasyōpapannō mahābhūtānāṁ nyūnātirēkaviśēṣaḥ||40||  

teShAM ShaNNAM rasAnAM somaguNAtirekAnmadhuro [16] rasaH, pRuthivyagnibhUyiShThatvAdamlaH, salilAgnibhUyiShThatvAllavaNaH, vAyvagnibhUyiShThatvAtkaTukaH, vAyvAkAshAtiriktatvAttiktaH, pavanapRuthivIvyatirekAt kaShAya iti|  

teShAM ShaNNAM rasAnAM somaguNAtirekAnmadhuro [16] rasaH, pRuthivyagnibhUyiShThatvAdamlaH, salilAgnibhUyiShThatvAllavaNaH, vAyvagnibhUyiShThatvAtkaTukaH, vAyvAkAshAtiriktatvAttiktaH, pavanapRuthivIvyatirekAt kaShAya iti|  

evameShAM rasAnAM ShaTtvamupapannaM nyUnAtirekavisheShAnmahAbhUtAnAM bhUtAnAmiva sthAvaraja~ggamAnAM nAnAvarNAkRutivisheShAH;ShaDRutukatvAcca kAlasyopapanno mahAbhUtAnAM nyUnAtirekavisheShaH||40||  

evameShAM rasAnAM ShaTtvamupapannaM nyUnAtirekavisheShAnmahAbhUtAnAM bhUtAnAmiva sthAvaraja~ggamAnAM nAnAvarNAkRutivisheShAH;ShaDRutukatvAcca kAlasyopapanno mahAbhUtAnAM nyUnAtirekavisheShaH||40||  

Of the six rasas, madhura rasa is produced by the predominance of soma (ap), amla by that of prithvi and agni, lavana by that of ap and agni, katu by that of vayu and agni, tikta by that of vayu and akasha, and kashaya by that of vayu and prithvi. Thus, the six manifestations of rasas take place according to shortage and excess of mahabhutas like various complexions and shapes in plants and animals. The shortage and excess of mahabhutas is possible due to kala (the time factor) having six seasons. [40]

Of the six rasas, madhura rasa is produced by the predominance of soma (ap), amla by that of prithvi and agni, lavana by that of ap and agni, katu by that of vayu and agni, tikta by that of vayu and akasha, and kashaya by that of vayu and prithvi. Thus, the six manifestations of rasas take place according to shortage and excess of mahabhutas like various complexions and shapes in plants and animals. The shortage and excess of mahabhutas is possible due to kala (the time factor) having six seasons. [40]

तत्राग्निमारुतात्मका रसाः प्रायेणोर्ध्वभाजः, लाघवादुत्प्लवनत्वाच्  वायोरूर्ध्वज्वलनत्वाच्च  

तत्राग्निमारुतात्मका रसाः प्रायेणोर्ध्वभाजः, लाघवादुत्प्लवनत्वाच्  वायोरूर्ध्वज्वलनत्वाच्च  

वह्नेः; सलिलपृथिव्यात्मकास्तु प्रायेणाधोभाजः, पृथिव्या गुरुत्वान्निम्नगत्वाच्चोदकस्य; व्यामिश्रात्मकाः पुनरुभयतोभाजः||४१||  

वह्नेः; सलिलपृथिव्यात्मकास्तु प्रायेणाधोभाजः, पृथिव्या गुरुत्वान्निम्नगत्वाच्चोदकस्य; व्यामिश्रात्मकाः पुनरुभयतोभाजः||४१||  

tatrāgnimārutātmakā rasāḥ prāyēṇōrdhvabhājaḥ, lāghavādutplavanatvācca vāyōrūrdhvajvalanatvācca vahnēḥ; salilapr̥thivyātmakāstu prāyēṇādhōbhājaḥ, pr̥thivyā gurutvānnimnagatvāccōdakasya; vyāmiśrātmakāḥ  

tatrāgnimārutātmakā rasāḥ prāyēṇōrdhvabhājaḥ, lāghavādutplavanatvācca vāyōrūrdhvajvalanatvācca vahnēḥ; salilapr̥thivyātmakāstu prāyēṇādhōbhājaḥ, pr̥thivyā gurutvānnimnagatvāccōdakasya; vyāmiśrātmakāḥ  

punarubhayatōbhājaḥ||41||  

punarubhayatōbhājaḥ||41||  

tatrAgnimArutAtmakA rasAH prAyeNordhvabhAjaH, lAghavAdutplavanatvAcca [19] vAyorUrdhvajvalanatvAcca vahneH; salilapRuthivyAtmakAstu prAyeNAdhobhAjaH,pRuthivyA gurutvAnnimnagatvAccodakasya; vyAmishrAtmakAH punarubhayatobhAjaH||41||  

tatrAgnimArutAtmakA rasAH prAyeNordhvabhAjaH, lAghavAdutplavanatvAcca [19] vAyorUrdhvajvalanatvAcca vahneH; salilapRuthivyAtmakAstu prAyeNAdhobhAjaH,pRuthivyA gurutvAnnimnagatvAccodakasya; vyAmishrAtmakAH punarubhayatobhAjaH||41||  

Amongst these, the rasas having agni and vayu often move upwards because of vayu’s property of lightness and rushing up and agni’s property of flaming up. Those predominant in apa and prithvi often move downwards due to heaviness of prithvi and downward moving tendency of apa (water). Those having mixed constitutions move both ways. [41]

 

Amongst these, the ''rasas'' having ''agni'' and ''vayu'' often move upwards because of ''vayu’s'' property of lightness and rushing up and agni’s property of flaming up. Those predominant in ''apa'' and ''prithvi'' often move downwards due to heaviness of ''prithvi'' and downward moving tendency of ''apa'' (water). Those having mixed constitutions move both ways. [41]

 

तेषां षण्णां रसानामेकैकस्य यथाद्रव्यं गुणकर्माण्यनुव्याख्यास्यामः||४२||  

तेषां षण्णां रसानामेकैकस्य यथाद्रव्यं गुणकर्माण्यनुव्याख्यास्यामः||४२||  

tēṣāṁ ṣaṇṇāṁ rasānāmēkaikasya yathādravyaṁ guṇakarmāṇyanuvyākhyāsyāmaḥ||42||  

tēṣāṁ ṣaṇṇāṁ rasānāmēkaikasya yathādravyaṁ guṇakarmāṇyanuvyākhyāsyāmaḥ||42||  

teShAM ShaNNAM rasAnAmekaikasya yathAdravyaM guNakarmANyanuvyAkhyAsyAmaH||42||

teShAM ShaNNAM rasAnAmekaikasya yathAdravyaM guNakarmANyanuvyAkhyAsyAmaH||42||

Now I shall describe the properties and actions of each of the six rasas according to dravyas (which are their substrata). [42]

 

Actions of madhura rasa and effects of its excessive use:

Now I shall describe the properties and actions of each of the six ''rasas'' according to ''dravyas'' (which are their substrata). [42]

 

==== Actions of ''madhura rasa'' and effects of its excessive use =====

 

तत्र, मधुरो रसः शरीरसात्म्याद्रसरुधिरमांसमेदोस्थिमज्जौजःशुक्राभिवर्धन  

तत्र, मधुरो रसः शरीरसात्म्याद्रसरुधिरमांसमेदोस्थिमज्जौजःशुक्राभिवर्धन  

आयुष्यः षडिन्द्रियप्रसादनो बलवर्णकरः पित्तविषमारुतघ्नस्तृष्णादाहप्रशमनस्त्वच्यः  

आयुष्यः षडिन्द्रियप्रसादनो बलवर्णकरः पित्तविषमारुतघ्नस्तृष्णादाहप्रशमनस्त्वच्यः  

श्वासकासप्रतिश्यायालसकशीतज्वरानाहास्यमाधुर्यवमथुसञ्ज्ञास्वरप्रणाशगलगण्डगण्डमालाश्लीपद- गलशोफबस्तिधमनीगलोपलेपाक्ष्यामयाभिष्यन्दानित्येवम्प्रभृतीन्  

श्वासकासप्रतिश्यायालसकशीतज्वरानाहास्यमाधुर्यवमथुसञ्ज्ञास्वरप्रणाशगलगण्डगण्डमालाश्लीपद- गलशोफबस्तिधमनीगलोपलेपाक्ष्यामयाभिष्यन्दानित्येवम्प्रभृतीन्  

कफजान् विकारानुपजनयति (१)|४३|  

कफजान् विकारानुपजनयति (१)|४३|  

tatra, madhurō rasaḥ śarīrasātmyādrasarudhiramāṁsamēdōsthimajjaujaḥśukrābhivardhana āyuṣyaḥ ṣaḍindriyaprasādanō balavarṇakaraḥ pittaviṣamārutaghnastr̥ṣṇādāhapraśamanastvacyaḥ kēśyaḥ kaṇṭhyō  

tatra, madhurō rasaḥ śarīrasātmyādrasarudhiramāṁsamēdōsthimajjaujaḥśukrābhivardhana āyuṣyaḥ ṣaḍindriyaprasādanō balavarṇakaraḥ pittaviṣamārutaghnastr̥ṣṇādāhapraśamanastvacyaḥ kēśyaḥ kaṇṭhyō  

balyaḥ prīṇanō jīvanastarpaṇō br̥ṁhaṇaḥ sthairyakaraḥ kṣīṇakṣatasandhānakarō ghrāṇamukhakaṇṭhauṣṭhajihvāprahlādanō  

balyaḥ prīṇanō jīvanastarpaṇō br̥ṁhaṇaḥ sthairyakaraḥ kṣīṇakṣatasandhānakarō ghrāṇamukhakaṇṭhauṣṭhajihvāprahlādanō  

kaphajān vikārānupajanayati  

kaphajān vikārānupajanayati  

(1)|43|  

(1)|43|  

tatra, madhuro rasaH sharIrasAtmyAdrasarudhiramAMsamedosthimajjaujaHshukrAbhivardhana AyuShyaH ShaDindriyaprasAdano balavarNakaraHpittaviShamArutaghnastRuShNAdAhaprashamanastvacyaH keshyaH kaNThyo balyaH prINano jIvanastarpaNo bRuMhaNaH sthairyakaraHkShINakShatasandhAnakaro ghrANamukhakaNThauShThajihvAprahlAdano [20] dAhamUrcchAprashamanaH ShaTpadapipIlikAnAmiShTatamaH snigdhaH shItogurushca|  

tatra, madhuro rasaH sharIrasAtmyAdrasarudhiramAMsamedosthimajjaujaHshukrAbhivardhana AyuShyaH ShaDindriyaprasAdano balavarNakaraHpittaviShamArutaghnastRuShNAdAhaprashamanastvacyaH keshyaH kaNThyo balyaH prINano jIvanastarpaNo bRuMhaNaH sthairyakaraHkShINakShatasandhAnakaro ghrANamukhakaNThauShThajihvAprahlAdano [20] dAhamUrcchAprashamanaH ShaTpadapipIlikAnAmiShTatamaH snigdhaH shItogurushca|  

sa eva~gguNo~apyeka evAtyarthamupayujyamAnaH sthaulyaM mArdavamAlasyamatisvapnaMgauravamanannAbhilAShamagnerdaurbalyamAsyakaNThayormAMsAbhivRuddhiMshvAsakAsapratishyAyAlasakashItajvarAnAhAsyamAdhuryavamathusa~jj~jAsvarapraNAshagalagaNDagaNDamAlAshlIpada-galashophabastidhamanIgalopalepAkShyAmayAbhiShyandAnityevamprabhRutIn kaphajAn vikArAnupajanayati (1)|43|  

sa eva~gguNo~apyeka evAtyarthamupayujyamAnaH sthaulyaM mArdavamAlasyamatisvapnaMgauravamanannAbhilAShamagnerdaurbalyamAsyakaNThayormAMsAbhivRuddhiMshvAsakAsapratishyAyAlasakashItajvarAnAhAsyamAdhuryavamathusa~jj~jAsvarapraNAshagalagaNDagaNDamAlAshlIpada-galashophabastidhamanIgalopalepAkShyAmayAbhiShyandAnityevamprabhRutIn kaphajAn vikArAnupajanayati (1)|43|  

Actions of amla rasa and effects of its excessive use:

 

 

==== Actions of ''amla rasa'' and effects of its excessive use ====

 

अम्लो रसो भक्तं रोचयति, अग्निं दीपयति, देहं बृंहयति ऊर्जयति, मनो बोधयति, इन्द्रियाणि दृढीकरोति, बलं वर्धयति, वातमनुलोमयति, हृदयं तर्पयति, आस्यमास्रावयति, भुक्तमपकर्षयति क्लेदयति जरयति, प्रीणयति, लघुरुष्णः स्निग्धश्च|  

अम्लो रसो भक्तं रोचयति, अग्निं दीपयति, देहं बृंहयति ऊर्जयति, मनो बोधयति, इन्द्रियाणि दृढीकरोति, बलं वर्धयति, वातमनुलोमयति, हृदयं तर्पयति, आस्यमास्रावयति, भुक्तमपकर्षयति क्लेदयति जरयति, प्रीणयति, लघुरुष्णः स्निग्धश्च|  

स एवङ्गुणोऽप्येक एवात्यर्थमुपयुज्यमानो दन्तान् हर्षयति, तर्षयति, सम्मीलयत्यक्षिणी,  

स एवङ्गुणोऽप्येक एवात्यर्थमुपयुज्यमानो दन्तान् हर्षयति, तर्षयति, सम्मीलयत्यक्षिणी,  

कायं शिथिलीकरोति, क्षीणक्षतकृशदुर्बलानां श्वयथुमापादयति, अपि च  

कायं शिथिलीकरोति, क्षीणक्षतकृशदुर्बलानां श्वयथुमापादयति, अपि च  

क्षताभिहतदष्टदग्धभग्नशूनप्रच्युतावमूत्रितपरिसर्पितमर्दितच्छिन्नभिन्नविश्लिष्टोद्विद्धोत्पिष्टादीनि पाचयत्याग्नेयस्वभावात्, परिदहति कण्ठमुरो हृदयं च (२)|४३|  

क्षताभिहतदष्टदग्धभग्नशूनप्रच्युतावमूत्रितपरिसर्पितमर्दितच्छिन्नभिन्नविश्लिष्टोद्विद्धोत्पिष्टादीनि पाचयत्याग्नेयस्वभावात्, परिदहति कण्ठमुरो हृदयं च (२)|४३|  

amlō rasō bhaktaṁ rōcayati, agniṁ dīpayati, dēhaṁ br̥ṁhayati ūrjayati, manō  

amlō rasō bhaktaṁ rōcayati, agniṁ dīpayati, dēhaṁ br̥ṁhayati ūrjayati, manō  

bōdhayati, indriyāṇi dr̥ḍhīkarōti, balaṁ vardhayati, vātamanulōmayati,  

bōdhayati, indriyāṇi dr̥ḍhīkarōti, balaṁ vardhayati, vātamanulōmayati,  

nabhinnaviśliṣṭōdviddhōtpiṣṭādīni pācayatyāgnēyasvabhāvāt,  

nabhinnaviśliṣṭōdviddhōtpiṣṭādīni pācayatyāgnēyasvabhāvāt,  

paridahati kaṇṭhamurō hr̥dayaṁ ca (2)|43|  

paridahati kaṇṭhamurō hr̥dayaṁ ca (2)|43|  

amlo raso bhaktaM rocayati, agniM dIpayati, dehaM bRuMhayati Urjayati, mano bodhayati, indriyANi dRuDhIkaroti, balaM vardhayati, vAtamanulomayati, hRudayaMtarpayati, AsyamAsrAvayati, bhuktamapakarShayati kledayati jarayati, prINayati, laghuruShNaH snigdhashca|  

amlo raso bhaktaM rocayati, agniM dIpayati, dehaM bRuMhayati Urjayati, mano bodhayati, indriyANi dRuDhIkaroti, balaM vardhayati, vAtamanulomayati, hRudayaMtarpayati, AsyamAsrAvayati, bhuktamapakarShayati kledayati jarayati, prINayati, laghuruShNaH snigdhashca|  

sa eva~gguNo~apyeka evAtyarthamupayujyamAno dantAn harShayati, tarShayati, sammIlayatyakShiNI, saMvejayati lomAni, kaphaM vilApayati,pittamabhivardhayati, raktaM dUShayati,mAMsaM vidahati, kAyaM shithilIkaroti, kShINakShatakRushadurbalAnAM shvayathumApAdayati, api cakShatAbhihatadaShTadagdhabhagnashUnapracyutAvamUtritaparisarpitamarditacchinnabhinnavishliShTodviddhotpiShTAdIni pAcayatyAgneyasvabhAvAt, paridahatikaNThamuro hRudayaM ca (2)|43|  

sa eva~gguNo~apyeka evAtyarthamupayujyamAno dantAn harShayati, tarShayati, sammIlayatyakShiNI, saMvejayati lomAni, kaphaM vilApayati,pittamabhivardhayati, raktaM dUShayati,mAMsaM vidahati, kAyaM shithilIkaroti, kShINakShatakRushadurbalAnAM shvayathumApAdayati, api cakShatAbhihatadaShTadagdhabhagnashUnapracyutAvamUtritaparisarpitamarditacchinnabhinnavishliShTodviddhotpiShTAdIni pAcayatyAgneyasvabhAvAt, paridahatikaNThamuro hRudayaM ca (2)|43|  

Amla rasa makes food relishing, stimulates agni, enhances body bulk and energizes it, awakens the mind, firms the sense organs, increases bala (strength), causes vatanulomana (normal movement of vata), nourishes the heart, increases secretions in the mouth, propels, moistens, and digests food, gives satisfaction, and is light, hot and unctuous.  

 

This, though endowed with so many qualities, if used singly and excessively, makes teeth sensitive, causes thirst, causes closure of eyes, raises the body hair, liquifies kapha, aggravates pitta, affects blood morbidity, causes heat in muscles and laxity in body, produces swelling in wasted, injured, emaciated and debilitated persons, because of its agneya nature causes suppuration in wounds, injuries, bites, burns, fractures, swellings, dislocations, poisoned spots due to urination and contact of insects, compressed, excised, incised, punctured and crushed etc., and causes burning sensation in throat, chest and the cardiac region. [43.2]

''Amla rasa'' makes food relishing, stimulates ''agni,'' enhances body bulk and energizes it, awakens the mind, firms the sense organs, increases ''bala'' (strength), causes ''vatanulomana'' (normal movement of ''vata''), nourishes the heart, increases secretions in the mouth, propels, moistens, and digests food, gives satisfaction, and is light, hot and unctuous.  

Actions of lavana rasa and effects of its excessive use:

 

This, though endowed with so many qualities, if used singly and excessively, makes teeth sensitive, causes thirst, causes closure of eyes, raises the body hair, liquifies ''kapha'', aggravates ''pitta'', affects blood morbidity, causes heat in muscles and laxity in body, produces swelling in wasted, injured, emaciated and debilitated persons, because of its ''agneya'' nature causes suppuration in wounds, injuries, bites, burns, fractures, swellings, dislocations, poisoned spots due to urination and contact of insects, compressed, excised, incised, punctured and crushed etc., and causes burning sensation in throat, chest and the cardiac region. [43.2]

 

==== Actions of ''lavana rasa'' and effects of its excessive use ====

 

लवणो रसः पाचनः क्लेदनो दीपनश्च्यावनश्छेदनो भेदनस्तीक्ष्णः सरो  

लवणो रसः पाचनः क्लेदनो दीपनश्च्यावनश्छेदनो भेदनस्तीक्ष्णः सरो  

विकास्यधःस्रंस्यवकाशकरो  वातहरः स्तम्भबन्धसङ्घातविधमनः  

विकास्यधःस्रंस्यवकाशकरो  वातहरः स्तम्भबन्धसङ्घातविधमनः  

वलिपलितखालित्यमापादयति, अपि च लोहितपित्ताम्लपित्तविसर्पवातरक्तविचर्चिकेन्द्रलुप्तप्रभृतीन्विकारानुपजनयति  

वलिपलितखालित्यमापादयति, अपि च लोहितपित्ताम्लपित्तविसर्पवातरक्तविचर्चिकेन्द्रलुप्तप्रभृतीन्विकारानुपजनयति  

(३)|४३|  

(३)|४३|  

lavaṇō rasaḥ pācanaḥ klēdanō dīpanaścyāvanaśchēdanō  

lavaṇō rasaḥ pācanaḥ klēdanō dīpanaścyāvanaśchēdanō  

bhēdanastīkṣṇaḥ sarō vikāsyadhaḥsraṁsyavakāśakarō  

bhēdanastīkṣṇaḥ sarō vikāsyadhaḥsraṁsyavakāśakarō  

vardhayati, śōphān sphōṭayati, dantāṁścyāvayati, puṁstvamupahanti,  

vardhayati, śōphān sphōṭayati, dantāṁścyāvayati, puṁstvamupahanti,  

indriyāṇyuparuṇadbhi, valipalitakhālityamāpādayati, api ca  

indriyāṇyuparuṇadbhi, valipalitakhālityamāpādayati, api ca  

lōhitapittāmlapittavisarpavātaraktavicarcikēndraluptaprabhr̥tīnvikārānupajanayati (3)|43|  

lōhitapittāmlapittavisarpavātaraktavicarcikēndraluptaprabhr̥tīnvikārānupajanayati (3)|43|

lavaNo rasaH pAcanaH kledano dIpanashcyAvanashchedano bhedanastIkShNaH saro vikAsyadhaHsraMsyavakAshakaro [22] vAtaharaHstambhabandhasa~gghAtavidhamanaH sarvarasapratyanIkabhUtaH, AsyamAsrAvayati, kaphaM viShyandayati, mArgAn vishodhayati, sarvasharIrAvayavAnmRudUkaroti, rocayatyAhAram, AhArayogI, nAtyarthaM guruH snigdha uShNashca|  

lavaNo rasaH pAcanaH kledano dIpanashcyAvanashchedano bhedanastIkShNaH saro vikAsyadhaHsraMsyavakAshakaro [22] vAtaharaHstambhabandhasa~gghAtavidhamanaH sarvarasapratyanIkabhUtaH, AsyamAsrAvayati, kaphaM viShyandayati, mArgAn vishodhayati, sarvasharIrAvayavAnmRudUkaroti, rocayatyAhAram, AhArayogI, nAtyarthaM guruH snigdha uShNashca|  

sa eva~gguNo~apyeka evAtyarthamupayujyamAnaH pittaM kopayati, raktaM vardhayati, tarShayati, mUrcchayati [23] , tApayati, dArayati, kuShNAti mAMsAni,pragAlayati kuShThAni, viShaM vardhayati, shophAn sphoTayati, dantAMshcyAvayati, puMstvamupahanti, indriyANyuparuNadbhi, valipalitakhAlityamApAdayati, api calohitapittAmlapittavisarpavAtaraktavicarcikendraluptaprabhRutInvikArAnupajanayati (3)|43|  

sa eva~gguNo~apyeka evAtyarthamupayujyamAnaH pittaM kopayati, raktaM vardhayati, tarShayati, mUrcchayati [23] , tApayati, dArayati, kuShNAti mAMsAni,pragAlayati kuShThAni, viShaM vardhayati, shophAn sphoTayati, dantAMshcyAvayati, puMstvamupahanti, indriyANyuparuNadbhi, valipalitakhAlityamApAdayati, api calohitapittAmlapittavisarpavAtaraktavicarcikendraluptaprabhRutInvikArAnupajanayati (3)|43|  

Lavana rasa is digestive, moistening, appetizing, pouring, expectorant, mass-breaking, irritant, laxative, quickly speading in body, oozing, space-creating, vata alleviating, diminishes stiffness, viscid, diminishes the perception of other tastes if added in excess, increases secretions in mouth, liquifies kapha, cleanses channels, softens all the body-parts, gives relish to food, is a supplement of food.  It is not very heavy, unctuous and hot.  

Lavana rasa is digestive, moistening, appetizing, pouring, expectorant, mass-breaking, irritant, laxative, quickly speading in body, oozing, space-creating, vata alleviating, diminishes stiffness, viscid, diminishes the perception of other tastes if added in excess, increases secretions in mouth, liquifies kapha, cleanses channels, softens all the body-parts, gives relish to food, is a supplement of food.  It is not very heavy, unctuous and hot.  

This, though having so many qualities, if used singly and excessively, vitiates pitta, aggravates rakta, causes thirst, fainting, heat, tearing, sloughing, increases leprosy and other skin diseases, aggravates poisons, weakens teeth, aggravates inflammations, impairs potency, hinders sense organs, gives rise to wrinkles, grey hair and baldness, and also produces disorders like internal haemorrhage, acid gastritis, erysipelas, vatarakta, eczema, alopecia etc. [43.3]

This, though having so many qualities, if used singly and excessively, vitiates pitta, aggravates rakta, causes thirst, fainting, heat, tearing, sloughing, increases leprosy and other skin diseases, aggravates poisons, weakens teeth, aggravates inflammations, impairs potency, hinders sense organs, gives rise to wrinkles, grey hair and baldness, and also produces disorders like internal haemorrhage, acid gastritis, erysipelas, vatarakta, eczema, alopecia etc. [43.3]

Actions of katurasa and effects of its excessive use:

 

==== Actions of katurasa and effects of its excessive use ====

कटुको रसो वक्त्रं शोधयति, अग्निं दीपयति, भुक्तं शोषयति, घ्राणमास्रावयति,  

कटुको रसो वक्त्रं शोधयति, अग्निं दीपयति, भुक्तं शोषयति, घ्राणमास्रावयति,