Changes

=== Gastro-esophageal reflux disease (GERD) ===

=== Gastro-esophageal reflux disease (GERD) ===

Due to decreased tone of lower oesophageal sphincter, the gastric contents get regurgitated frequently into the oesophagus. It causes damage to the mucous membrane of oesophagus and lead to esophagitis. The risk factors for this condition include obesity, fat rich diet, caffeine, alcohol, smoking and the symptoms are heart burn, regurgitation and dysphagia. It can be diagnosed on the basis of clinical symptoms, 24 hour pH monitoring, endoscopy and biopsy.

Due to decreased tone of lower oesophageal sphincter, the gastric contents get regurgitated frequently into the oesophagus. It causes damage to the mucous membrane of oesophagus and lead to esophagitis.The risk factors for this condition include obesity, fat-rich diet, caffeine, alcohol, smoking, and the symptoms are heartburn, regurgitation, and dysphagia. It can be diagnosed on the basis of clinical symptoms, 24 hour pH monitoring, endoscopy, and biopsy.

Line of treatment of GERD:

 

“Amlapitta chikitsa” and “pittaja udavarta chikitsa” are recommended here. “Ama pachana” and “Vata anulomana” are the principles to be followed. As vitiated [[vata]] is responsible for the opposite (upward) movement of gastric contents, measures to pacify [[vata]] and establish its natural downward movement (vatanulomana) is to be administered. Drugs which alleviate [[pitta]] and [[kapha]], that dries up the moisture content (kledahara), and have bitter taste (tikta rasa) predominantly are used here. As second line of treatment, drugs having sweet taste (madhura rasa) are also prescribed.

'''Line of treatment of GERD:'''

In this condition, mild therapeutic emesis (sadyo vamana), mild therapeutic purgation (mrudu virechana), medicated enema containing milk (kshira basti) are also recommended. It is better to avoid fermented preparations (asava & arishta).

 

Avipattikara churna, vaishvanara churna, yashtimadhu churna are effective in this condition. After curing symptoms, ghee based preparations (ghrita kalpana) like  dadimadi ghrita , mahatiktaka ghrita etc. should be prescribed for avoiding recurrence.

“Amlapitta chikitsa” and “pittaja udavarta chikitsa” are recommended here. “Ama pachana” and “Vata anulomana” are the principles to be followed.  

In last phase, drakshadi lehya, dashamula haritaki avaleha, kushmanda rasayana, kalyana gud and shatavati gud are advisable.

 

As vitiated [[vata]] is responsible for the opposite (upward) movement of gastric contents, measures to pacify [[vata]] and establish its natural downward movement (vatanulomana) is to be administered. Drugs that alleviate [[pitta]] and [[kapha]], that dries up the moisture content (kledahara), and have a bitter taste (tikta rasa) predominantly are used here.

 

As the second line of treatment, drugs having a sweet taste (madhura rasa) are also prescribed.

 

In this condition, mild therapeutic emesis (sadyo [[vamana]]), mild therapeutic purgation (mrudu [[virechana]]), medicated enema containing milk (kshira [[basti]]) are also recommended. It is better to avoid fermented preparations (asava & arishta).

 

Avipattikara churna, vaishvanara churna, yashtimadhu churna are effective in this condition. After curing symptoms, ghee-based preparations (ghrita kalpana) like  dadimadi ghrita , mahatiktaka ghrita, etc. should be prescribed for avoiding recurrence.

 

In the last phase, drakshadi lehya, dashamula haritaki avaleha, kushmanda rasayana, kalyana gud and shatavati gud are advisable.

 

Pravala bhasma, shankha bhasma and narikela lavana, act as good antacids. Kamadudha rasa, pravala panchmruta rasa, sutashekhara rasa are very effectively used in this condition.

Pravala bhasma, shankha bhasma and narikela lavana, act as good antacids. Kamadudha rasa, pravala panchmruta rasa, sutashekhara rasa are very effectively used in this condition.

The main thing is the modification of dietary and personal habits. It is better to avoid hot and spicy foods, excessive use of pungent, sour and salty food, fried items, curd, mustard and sour fruits in the diet. It is recommended to avoid alcohol consumption, smoking and regular intake of coffee.

 

The main thing is the modification of dietary and personal habits. It is better to avoid hot and spicy foods, excessive use of pungent, sour, and salty food, fried items, curd, mustard, and sour fruits in the diet. It is recommended to avoid alcohol consumption, smoking, and regular intake of coffee.

 

==Peptic ulcer==

==Peptic ulcer==

It includes both gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer formed due to the imbalance of aggressive factor and defensive factor as discussed earlier.

It includes both gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer formed due to the imbalance of aggressive factor and defensive factor as discussed earlier.