Changes

=== ''Vidhi Vimarsha'' ===

=== ''Vidhi Vimarsha'' ===

The following factors can be considered, keeping in mind the statement “a man with retas (semen), not afflicted by any abnormality, and a woman with disease-free yoni (genital tract), shoṇita (ovum), and garbhāśaya (uterine bed), when sexually unite during the fertile phase” is being put into context.

The following factors can be considered, keeping in mind the statement “a man with ''retas'' (semen), not afflicted by any abnormality, and a woman with disease-free ''yoni''(genital tract), ''shonita'' (ovum), and ''garbhashaya'' (uterine bed), when sexually unite during the fertile phase” is being put into context.

Male Factors

 

1. Endocrine disorders: Hypothalamic dysfunction (Kallmann's syndrome), Pituitary failure (tumor, radiation, surgery, hyperprolactinemia (drug, tumor), exogenous androgens, thyroid disorders, adrenal hyperplasia

==== Male Factors ====

2. Anatomic disorders: congenital absence of vas deferens, obstruction of vas deferens, congenital abnormalities of ejaculatory system

#Endocrine disorders: Hypothalamic dysfunction (Kallmann's syndrome), Pituitary failure (tumor, radiation, surgery, hyperprolactinemia (drug, tumor), exogenous androgens, thyroid disorders, adrenal hyperplasia

3. Abnormal spermatogenesis: chromosomal abnormalities, mumps, orchitis, cryptorchidism, chemical or radiation exposure.  

#Anatomic disorders: congenital absence of vas deferens, obstruction of vas deferens, congenital abnormalities of ejaculatory system

4. Abnormal motility: absent cilia (kartagener's syndrome), varicocele, antibody formation

#Abnormal spermatogenesis: chromosomal abnormalities, mumps, orchitis, cryptorchidism, chemical or radiation exposure.  

5. Sexual dysfunction: retrograde ejaculation, impotence, decreased libido.

#Abnormal motility: absent cilia (kartagener's syndrome), varicocele, antibody formation

Female Factors

#Sexual dysfunction: retrograde ejaculation, impotence, decreased libido.

A. Ovulatory factors  

==== Female Factors ====

1. Central defects: chronic hyperandrogenemic anovulation, hyperprolactinemia (drug, tumor), hypothalamic insufficiency, pituitary insufficiency (trauma, tumor, congenital)

===== Ovulatory factors =====

2. Peripheral defects: gonadal dysgenesis, premature ovarian failure, ovarian tumor, ovarian resistance

#Central defects: chronic hyperandrogenemic anovulation, hyperprolactinemia (drug, tumor), hypothalamic insufficiency, pituitary insufficiency (trauma, tumor, congenital)

3. Metabolic disease: thyroid disease, liver disease, renal disease, obesity, androgen excess: adrenal or neoplastic

#Peripheral defects: gonadal dysgenesis, premature ovarian failure, ovarian tumor, ovarian resistance

B. Pelvic factors

#Metabolic disease: thyroid disease, liver disease, renal disease, obesity, androgen excess: adrenal or neoplastic

1. Infection appendicitis, pelvic inflammatory disease, uterine adhesions (asherman's syndrome),

===== Pelvic factors =====

2. Endometriosis  

#Infection appendicitis, pelvic inflammatory disease, uterine adhesions (asherman's syndrome),

3. Structural abnormalities diethylstilbestrol (DES) exposure, failure of normal fusion of the reproductive tract, myoma

#Endometriosis  

C. Cervical factors

#Structural abnormalities diethylstilbestrol (DES) exposure, failure of normal fusion of the reproductive tract, myoma

1. Congenital: diethylstilbestrol (DES) exposure, müllerian duct abnormality

===== Cervical factors =====

2. Acquired: sequel of surgical treatment, Infection

#Congenital: diethylstilbestrol (DES) exposure, müllerian duct abnormality

#Acquired: sequel of surgical treatment, Infection

 

The first class of foods (meat soups and others) is said to be of high nutritive value conducive for the formation of healthy rasa. The second class of foods (syāmāka and others) is said to be otherwise.

The first class of foods (meat soups and others) is said to be of high nutritive value conducive for the formation of healthy rasa. The second class of foods (syāmāka and others) is said to be otherwise.

It is known that folic acid supplementation starting before pregnancy can reduce the incidence of neural tube defects. Even deficient maternal vitamin B (12) status has been reported to be associated with a significantly increased risk of neural tube defects. [2] [3] These studies are suggestive of the fact that maternal nutrition plays an important role in embryogenesis. The factor rasa in this context, in fact is indicative of maternal nutrition.  

It is known that folic acid supplementation starting before pregnancy can reduce the incidence of neural tube defects. Even deficient maternal vitamin B (12) status has been reported to be associated with a significantly increased risk of neural tube defects. [2] [3] These studies are suggestive of the fact that maternal nutrition plays an important role in embryogenesis. The factor rasa in this context, in fact is indicative of maternal nutrition.