Shatavari: Difference between revisions
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|data2 = Asparagus racemosus Willd. | |data2 = Asparagus racemosus Willd. | ||
|label3 = Family | |label3 = Family | ||
|data3 = Liliaceae | |data3 = Asparagaceae (Formerly Liliaceae) | ||
|label4 = Availability | |label4 = Availability | ||
|data4 = Available | |data4 = Available | ||
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}} | }} | ||
'''''Asparagus racemosus''''' (commonly known as '''Shatavari''') is a species of plant in the family | '''''Asparagus racemosus''''' (commonly known as '''Shatavari''') is a species of plant in the family Asparagaceae. | ||
==English name== | == Botanical profile and nomenclature == | ||
* '''Botanical Name:''' ''Asparagus racemosus'' Willd. | |||
* '''English Name:''' Wild Asparagus | |||
* '''Family:''' Asparagaceae (formerly classified under Liliaceae) | |||
* '''Vernacular Names:''' Shatavari (Sanskrit/Hindi), Satamuli (Bengali), Kurilo (Nepali) | |||
* '''Plant Part Used:''' Dried tuberous roots | |||
* [[File:Shatavari.jpg|thumb|'''Shatavari (''Asparagus racemosus'')''']]'''Habitat & Distribution:''' Spiny climbing under-shrub native to tropical and subtropical regions of India, Asia, Australia, and parts of Africa.<ref name="Bopana2007">{{cite journal|vauthors=Bopana N, Saxena S|title=Asparagus racemosus—Ethnopharmacological evaluation and conservation needs|journal=Journal of Ethnopharmacology|volume=110|issue=1|pages=1–15|year=2007|doi=10.1016/j.jep.2007.01.001}}</ref><ref name="Alok2013">{{cite journal|vauthors=Alok S, Jain SK, Verma A, Kumar M, Mahor A, Sabharwal M|title=Plant profile, phytochemistry and pharmacology of Asparagus racemosus (Shatavari): A review|journal=Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Disease|volume=3|issue=3|pages=242–251|year=2013|doi=10.1016/s2222-1808(13)60049-3}}</ref> | |||
==Therapeutic Uses== | ==Therapeutic Uses== | ||
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==Other varieties / other botanical names== | ==Other varieties / other botanical names== | ||
* Asparagus rigidulus Nakai | * Asparagus rigidulus Nakai | ||
* Protasparagus racemosus (Willd.) Oberm. | * Protasparagus racemosus (Willd.) Oberm. | ||
==Types== | ==Types== | ||
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* Mahanarayana Taila | * Mahanarayana Taila | ||
* Shatavari Guda | * Shatavari Guda | ||
* Saubhagya Shunthi | * Saubhagya Shunthi | ||
* Bruhat Chhagaladi Ghrita | * Bruhat Chhagaladi Ghrita | ||
* Shatavari Ghrita | * Shatavari Ghrita | ||
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Available | Available | ||
* In India – | * In India – | ||
Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Jammu & Kashmir, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Maharashtra, Karnataka, Kerala, Odisha, Jharkhand, Tamil nadu, Andhra Pradesh | Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Jammu & Kashmir, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Maharashtra, Karnataka, Kerala, Odisha, Jharkhand, Tamil nadu, Andhra Pradesh | ||
* Out of India – | * Out of India – | ||
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==Current researches == | ==Current researches == | ||
== Phytochemical profile == | == Phytochemical profile == | ||
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=== Female reproductive health and endocrine modulation === | === Female reproductive health and endocrine modulation === | ||
The root extract exhibits | The root extract exhibits phytoestrogenic properties due to structural similarities between Shatavarins/isoflavones and 17β-[[estradiol]], allowing selective binding to estrogen receptors (alpha and beta).<ref name="Alok2013" /> | ||
* '''Dysmenorrhea & Infertility:''' Helps regulate | * '''Dysmenorrhea & Infertility:''' Helps regulate gonadotropin release, supports folliculogenesis, and mitigates uterine hyper-reactivity.<ref name="Bopana2007" /> | ||
* '''Menopausal Symptom Relief:''' Studies demonstrate that ''A. racemosus'' root extracts alleviate vasomotor symptoms (hot flashes, night sweats) and mood fluctuations during pre-, peri-, and post-menopausal phases through partial estrogenic receptor modulation without inducing unwanted endometrial proliferation.<ref name="Alok2013" /> | * '''Menopausal Symptom Relief:''' Studies demonstrate that ''A. racemosus'' root extracts alleviate vasomotor symptoms (hot flashes, night sweats) and mood fluctuations during pre-, peri-, and post-menopausal phases through partial estrogenic receptor modulation without inducing unwanted endometrial proliferation.<ref name="Alok2013" /> | ||
=== Adaptogenic, neuroprotective and anxiolytic properties === | === Adaptogenic, neuroprotective and anxiolytic properties === | ||
Classified as a ''[[Rasayana]]'' (rejuvenative tonic), Shatavari functions as a systemic | Classified as a ''[[Rasayana]]'' (rejuvenative tonic), Shatavari functions as a systemic adaptogen by buffering the central nervous system against physical and emotional stressors.<ref name="Bopana2007" /><ref name="Singh2023">{{cite journal |vauthors=Singh N, Garg M, Prajapati P, et al. |title=Adaptogenic property of Asparagus racemosus: Future trends and prospects |journal=Heliyon |volume=9 |issue=4 |pages=e14932 |year=2023 |doi=10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14932}}</ref> | ||
<pre> | <pre> | ||
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</pre> | </pre> | ||
* '''Neuroprotection:''' ''In vivo'' models show that root extracts protect hippocampal sub-regions (<math>\text{CA1}</math>, <math>\text{CA3}</math>, and dentate gyrus) from stress-induced cell degeneration by reducing lipid peroxidation and restoring endogenous antioxidant enzymes, such as | * '''Neuroprotection:''' ''In vivo'' models show that root extracts protect hippocampal sub-regions (<math>\text{CA1}</math>, <math>\text{CA3}</math>, and dentate gyrus) from stress-induced cell degeneration by reducing lipid peroxidation and restoring endogenous antioxidant enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH).<ref name="Saxena2007">{{cite journal |vauthors=Saxena G, Singh M, Meena P, et al. |title=Neuroprotective Effects of Asparagus Racemosus Linn Root Extract: An Experimental and Clinical Evidence |journal=Annals of Neurosciences |volume=14 |issue=3 |pages=57–63 |year=2007 |doi=10.5214/ans.0972.7531.2007.140302}}</ref><ref name="Singh2023" /> | ||
* '''Cognitive & Anticonvulsant Support:''' Network pharmacology studies demonstrate that key phytoconstituents target neuro-inflammatory cascade proteins (such as | * '''Cognitive & Anticonvulsant Support:''' Network pharmacology studies demonstrate that key phytoconstituents target neuro-inflammatory cascade proteins (such as TNF-alpha, CASP3, and PTGS2), providing protective effects in neurodegenerative and seizure models.<ref name="Kaur2023">{{cite journal |vauthors=Kaur B, Kumar S, Kaur A, Goel RK |title=A network pharmacology approach to explore pharmacological mechanisms of Asparagus racemosus for ameliorative effect in epilepsy and comorbid progressive memory dysfunction |journal=In Silico Pharmacology |volume=11 |issue=1 |pages=28 |year=2023 |doi=10.1007/s40203-023-00169-x}}</ref> | ||
=== Gastroprotective and anti-ulcer activity === | === Gastroprotective and anti-ulcer activity === | ||
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* '''Mechanism:''' Rather than purely suppressing gastric acid secretion, it enhances mucosal resistance by increasing mucosal secretion, extending the lifespan of mucosal cells, and reducing gastric hypermotility. | * '''Mechanism:''' Rather than purely suppressing gastric acid secretion, it enhances mucosal resistance by increasing mucosal secretion, extending the lifespan of mucosal cells, and reducing gastric hypermotility. | ||
* '''Therapeutic Application:''' Effective in managing | * '''Therapeutic Application:''' Effective in managing duodenal ulcers, hyperacidity, and stress-induced gastric mucosal lesions.<ref name="Bopana2007" /><ref name="Alok2013" /> | ||
=== Immunomodulatory activity === | === Immunomodulatory activity === | ||
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== See also == | == See also == | ||
* [[Ayurveda]] | * [[Ayurveda]] | ||
https://cb.imsc.res.in/imppat/phytochemical/Asparagus%20racemosus | * [https://cb.imsc.res.in/imppat/phytochemical/Asparagus%20racemosus IMPPAT database] | ||
== References == | == References == | ||
{{reflist}} | {{reflist}} | ||