Charak Samhita

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Black Pepper
Black Pepper


== Synonyms in Charak Samhita==
==Therapeutic uses<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume 3 :53</ref>==
Swasa, sula, krumiroga, tavakaroga
 
==Synonyms in Charak Samhita==
Maricha, Vellaja(plant is climber), Krushna(fruits are black in colour), Ushana(causing burning sensation), Suvruta, Katu(pungent taste), Dharmapatana(maricha is stored in ports as an item to export to different countries)
 
==Varieties<ref>Dr. Indradev Tripathi , Raja Nighantu of pandit Narhari, ed.2006, Chaukhambha Krishnadas Academy, Varanasi, pippalyadi varga verse no- 32,34</ref>==
# Maricha
# Sweta maricha


Maricha, Vellaja, Krushna, Ushana, Suvruta, Katu, Dharmapatana,


== Ayurvedic pharmacological properties ==  
== Ayurvedic pharmacological properties ==  
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| 1 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 2/3 || Sirovirechana (Errhine therapy)
| 1 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 2/3 || Sirovirechana (Errhine therapy)
|-
|-
| 2 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 2/23 || Krimighniyavagu
| 2 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 2/23 || Krimighniyavagu (Gruel for krimi (worm infestation)
|-
|-
| 3 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/9(6) || Deepaniyamahakashay
| 3 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/9(6) || Deepaniya (Appetisers)mahakashaya
|-
|-
| 4 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/9(15) || Krimighnamahakashay
| 4 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/9(15) || Krimighna (anti-helmintics)mahakashaya
|-
|-
| 5 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/9(27) || Shirovirechanopagmahakashay
| 5 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/9(27) || Shirovirechanopag ( helping nasal errhine therapy)mahakashaya
|-
|-
| 6 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/9(45) || Shoolaprashamanmahakashaya
| 6 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/9(45) || Shoolaprashaman (anti-spasmodics)mahakashaya
|-
|-
| 7 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 27/298  
| 7 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 27/298  
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|-
|-
| 8 ||Cha.Sa.[[Vimana Sthana]] 8/142  
| 8 ||Cha.Sa.[[Vimana Sthana]] 8/142  
| Katuskandha
| Katuskandha (group of pungent drugs)
|-
|-
| 9 ||Cha.Sa.[[Kalpa Sthana]] 7/15 || Preparations of Trivruta
| 9 ||Cha.Sa.[[Kalpa Sthana]] 7/15 || Preparations of Trivruta
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|21
|21
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 5/65
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 5/65
|Ingredient in Trayushanaadi  ghrit
|Ingredient in Trayushanaadi  ghrita
|-
|-
|22
|22
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 5/69
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 5/69
|Ingredient of Hingusauvarchaladya  ghrit
|Ingredient of Hingusauvarchaladya  ghrita
|-
|-
|23
|23
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 5/71
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 5/71
|Ingredient of Hapushadya  ghrit
|Ingredient of Hapushadya  ghrita
|-
|-
|24
|24
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|28
|28
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/61
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/61
|Ingredient in Kushthaghna  Yog
|Ingredient in Kushthaghna  Yoga
|-
|-
|29
|29
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|32
|32
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/87
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/87
|Bahyaprayogarth lepa in Kushth   
|Bahyaprayogarth lepa in Kushth (external application)
|-
|-
|33
|33
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/109
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/109
|Ingredient in Tiktekshvadi  Tail
|Ingredient in Tiktekshvadi  Taila


For Abhyang in Vata-Kaphaj  Kushth
For Abhyang in Vata-Kaphaj  Kushth(skin disease)
|-
|-
|34
|34
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/113
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/113
|Ingredient in Kanakakshiri  Tail
|Ingredient in Kanakakshiri  Taila
|-
|-
|35
|35
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|46
|46
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 10/43
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 10/43
|As a Nasya dravya
|As a Nasya dravya(nasal errhines)
|-
|-
|47
|47
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|53
|53
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 12/21
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 12/21
|In treatment of Kaphaj  Svayathu
|In treatment of Kaphaj  Svayathu(oedema)
|-
|-
|54
|54
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 12/24
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 12/24
|In treatment of Vataj  Svayathu
|In treatment of Vataj  Svayathu(oedema)
|-
|-
|55
|55
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 12/25
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 12/25
|In treatment of Vataj  Svayathu
|In treatment of Vataj  Svayathu(oedema)
|-
|-
|56
|56
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 12/27
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 12/27
|For bhinna varch in  treatment of Vataj Svayathu
|For bhinna varch in  treatment of Vataj Svayathu(oedema)
|-
|-
|57
|57
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|64
|64
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 12/62
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 12/62
|As a Pathya Diet In  treatment of Shvayathu
|As a Pathya Diet In  treatment of Shvayathu(oedema)
|-
|-
|65
|65
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 13/102
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 13/102
|In treatment  of sannipata udararoga
|In treatment  of sannipata udararoga(Generalized enlargement of Abdomen)
|-
|-
|66
|66
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 13/103  
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 13/103  
|In treatment  of kaphodara(takraprayoga)  
|In treatment  of kaphodara(takraprayoga)(Generalized enlargement of Abdomen)  
|-
|-
|67
|67
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|80
|80
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/102
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/102
|In condition  of chhardi,arsha,granthi,shoola
|In condition  of chhardi,arsha,granthi,shoola(vomiting, analpolyp with pellet stool, pain in abdomen)
|-
|-
|81
|81
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|91
|91
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 16/129  
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 16/129  
|Used as Pathya in Shakhashrit Kamla
|Used as Pathya in Shakhashrit Kamla(kamala in body tissue with obstructive pathology)
|-
|-
|92
|92
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|106
|106
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 24/127
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 24/127
|Used in vataja madatyaya with Dadima swarasa.
|Used in vataja madatyaya(Intoxication)  with Dadima swarasa.
|-
|-
|107
|107
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 24/128
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 24/128
|Used as swarasa in Vataja  madatyaya.
|Used as swarasa in Vataja  madatyaya(Intoxication) .
|-
|-
|108
|108
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|110
|110
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 24/181
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 24/181
|Used as raga in kaphaja  madatyaya.
|Used as raga in kaphaja  madatyaya. (madatyaya).
|-
|-
|111
|111
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 24/183
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 24/183
|Used in pachana.
|Used in pachana(digestant).
|-
|-
|112
|112
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|113
|113
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/55
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/55
|As an ingredient of  Vyoshadi churn used in Kaphaja mutrakruchhra.
|As an ingredient of  Vyoshadi churn used in Kaphaja mutrakruchhra(dysuria).
|-
|-
|114
|114
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|-
|-
|}
|}
==Dose<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume 3 :53</ref>==
* 250 mg – 1 gm of the drug in powder form
==Important formulation<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume 3 :53</ref>==
* Marichadi gutika
* Marichadi taila
* Trikatu churna




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Available  
Available  
India – western coast of india


== Current researches ==
== Current researches ==
https://cb.imsc.res.in/imppat/phytochemical/Piper%20nigrum


[[Category: Database of herbs and minerals | Herbs]]
[[Category: Database of herbs and minerals | Herbs]]
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   This article is under development ..
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