Charak Samhita

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== Daily consumable food items ==
== Daily consumable food items ==
List of daily consumable food items described in Charak Samhita, Ashtanga hridaya, Ashtanga samgraha and Kaiyyadeva Nighantu is as follows:
List of daily consumable food items described in Charak Samhita, Ashtanga hridaya, Ashtanga samgraha and Kaiyyadeva Nighantu is as follows:
{| class="wikitable"
|+Some food items have been uniquely mentioned like:
|·        Indian gooseberry- Emblica officinalis Gaertn (''Amalaki'')
·        Cow’s milk (''Godugdha'')
·        Cow’s ghee               (''Goghrita'')
·        Meat of animal in arid  climate  (''Jangala'' ''mamsa'')
·        Honey (''Madhu'')
·        Rainwater (''Antariksha'' ''jala'')
·        Green gram- Vigna radiata L. (''Mudga'')
·        Rock salt- Sodii chloridum (''Saindhava'')
·        Rice- Oryza sativum L. (''Shashtika'' ''Shali'')
·        Barley- Hordeum vulgare L. (''Yava'')
|
Ch.Su.5/12
A.Sa.Su.10/45,  A.Hr.Su.8/42, Kai.Ni.7/277
|-
|·        Unripen radish-Raphanus sativus L. (''Bala'' ''mulaka'')
·        Pomegranate-Punica granatum L. (''Dadima'')
·        Wheat- Triticum aestivum L. (''Godhuma'')
·        Cork swallow wort- Leptadenia reticulata Retz./ Holostemma  adakodien schultes (''Jivanti'')
·        Dried grapes-Vitis vinifera L. (''Mridvika'')
·        Chebulic myrobalan- Terminalia chebula Retz. (''Pathyaa''/''Haritaki'')
·        Pointed gourd- Trichosanthes dioica Roxb. (''Patola'')
·        Rock sugar (''Sharkara'')
|
A.Sa.Su.10/45,  A.Hr.Su.8/42, Kai.Ni.7/277
|-
|·        Clover fern plant- Marsilea quadrifolia Linn. (''Sunishannaka'')
·        White goosefoot/ pigweed- Chenopodium album L.  (''Vastuka'')
|A.Sa.Su.10/45,  A.Hr.Su.8/42,
|}
Properties of daily consumable food items from different classics and contemporary sciences are summarized in Table-2.
{| class="wikitable"
!'''SN'''
!'''Items'''
!'''Taste'''
!'''Post digestive effect'''
!'''Potency'''
!
'''Prop'''
'''erties'''
!'''Effect on Dosha'''
!
'''Pharmacological  properties'''
!'''References'''
|-
|1.       
|Indian  gooseberry
|sour, sweet, bitter, astringent, pungent
|Sweet
|cold
|
dry
|alleviates all the 3 ''Dosha''
|antioxidant, immuno-modulatory, hepato-protective ,  cyto-protective
|9,10,11,
12
|-
|2.       
|Rainwater
|Unmanifested
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|cold
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|alleviates all the 3 ''Dosha'', purifies blood
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|
|-
|3.       
|Pomegranate
|Sour, astringent, sweet
|sweet
|cold
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|alleviates ''Vata'', does not  vitiate ''Kapha'' & ''Pitta''
|antioxidant,  skin protecting activity against  AGEs and UV-A, hepatoprotective, immune-modulatory,  cytoprotective, embryo-protective.
|13,14,15,16,17
|-
|4.       
|Cow’s milk
|sweet
|Sweet
|cold
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|alleviates ''Vata'' & ''Pitta''
|anti-oxidant, immunomodulatory, gut protective
|18,19
|-
|5.       
|Cow’s ghee
|sweet
|Sweet
|cold
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|alleviates ''Vata'' & ''Pitta''
|antioxidant, and anti-atherogenic properties, gastroprotective and adaptogenic, antimicrobial activity, immunostimulant, antioxidant and hepatoprotective  activity.
|20,21,22,23
|-
|6.       
|Wheat
|sweet
|Sweet
|cold
|
Heavy, unctuous ''<sup> </sup>''
|alleviates  ''Vata'' & ''Pitta''
|anti- oxidant, anti-hyperlipidemic,  neuro-protective, anti-microbial activity, protective to the skin  and gastric, intestinal mucosa.
|25,26,27,28,29,30,31
|-
|7.       
|Meat of arid animal
|astringent,  sweet
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|cold
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|alleviates all the 3 ''Dosha'', at some extent causing fluid secretion
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|
|-
|8.       
|Leptadenia  reticulata Retz./ Holostemma adakodien schultes
|sweet
|Sweet
|cold
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|alleviates all the 3 ''Dosha''
|antioxidant, free radical  scavenging property, hepatoprotective, anti-bacterial, anti-inflammatory    
|32,33,34,35,36
|-
|9.       
|Honey
|astringent, sweet
|Pungent
|cold
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|alleviates ''Kapha'' & ''Pitta'', partially vitiates ''Vata'' 
|hepatoprotective, cardio- protective, cyto-protective, immunomodulatory, hepatoprotective and nephroprotective  properties.
|37,38,39,40
|-
|10.    
|Dry grapes
|sweet
|Sweet
|cold
|
-
|alleviates  ''Vata'' & ''Pitta''
|antioxidant, hepato-protective,  immuno-modulatory, Vaso protective, neuroprotective, anti-cancer,  cardioprotective, gastroprotective and nephroprotective properties.
|41,42,43,44,45,46, 47,48
|-
|11.    
|Green gram
|astringent, sweet
|Pungent
|cold
|
Laghu, Vishada
|alleviates ''Kapha'' & ''Pitta'', partially vitiates ''Vata'' 
|anti-oxidant, anti-hyperglycemic,
anti-anemic,
anti-hyperlipidemic, anti-microbial
|49,50,51,52,53
|-
|12.    
|Unripen  radish
|pungent, bitter
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|hot
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|alleviates all the 3 ''Dosha''
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|-
|13.    
|Chebulic  myrobalan
|Astringent, pungent, bitter, Madhura sweet,  sour
|sweet
|hot
|
-
|alleviates all the 3 ''Dosha''
|antioxidant and anti-microbial, anti-aging,  cardio-protective, hepato-protective activities
|54,55,56,57
|-
|14.    
|Pointed gourd
|bitter, pungent
|Sweet
|hot
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|alleviates all the 3 ''Dosha''
|antihyperglycemic, antihyperlipidemic, antitumor, cytotoxic, arsenic poisoning ameliorative, anti-inflammatory, antidiarrheal
|58
|-
|15.    
|Rock salt
|salty,  sweet
|Sweet
|cold
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|alleviates all the 3 ''Dosha''
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|-
|16.    
|Red rice
|sweet,  astringent
|Sweet
|cold
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|alleviates all the 3 ''Dosha''
|antioxidant,  cytoprotective, immunomodulatory, hepatoprotective.
|59,60,61,62
|-
|17.    
|Rock sugar
|sweet
|Sweet
|cold
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|alleviates ''Pitta''
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|-
|18.    
|Clover  fern
|sweet, astringent
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|cold
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|alleviates all the 3 ''Dosha''
|anti-inflammatory activity, diuretic  activity, anti-venom activity, hypo glycemic activity and anti-bacterial  activity
|63,64,65,66,67,68,69,70
|-
|19.    
|White goosefoot/ pigweed
|sweet
|Pungent
|cold
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|alleviates all the 3 ''Dosha''
|anti-inflammatory, analgesic, gastroprotective, hepato-protective,  anticancer, antioxidant, antimicrobial ,
|71,72,73,74
|-
|20.    
|Hordeum vulgare L.
|sweet, astringent
|Pungent
|cold
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|alleviates ''Kapha'' & ''Pitta''
|anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory
|75,76
|}




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