Charak Samhita

Annapanavidhi Adhyaya: Difference between revisions

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=== Annexure-I: The Herbs mentioned in this chapter with their English & Botanical name ===
=== Annexure-I: The Herbs mentioned in this chapter with their English & Botanical name ===


Sanskrit name English Name Botanical Name
{| class="wikitable"
Śūkadhānyavargaḥ (class of corns or mono cotyledons)
|-
Raktaśāli Red rice Oryza sativa Linn. Red variety
! rowspan="1"| Sanskrit name
Mahāśāliḥ
! rowspan="1"| English Name
Kalamaḥ
! rowspan="1"| Botanical Name
Śakunāhṝtaḥ (vakra)
|-
Tūrṇaka (cūrṇakaḥ)
|colspan="3" style="text-align:left;" |Sukadhanyavarga? (class of corns or mono cotyledons)  
Dīrghaśūka
|-
Gauraḥ
| Raktasali || Red rice|| Oryza sativa Linn.Red variety
Pāṇḍuka
|-
Lāṅgulau
| Mahāśāliḥ || ||
Sugandhaka bāsmatī rice
|-
Lohavālaḥ
| Kalamaḥ || ||
Sārivā
|-
Pramodakaḥ
| Śakunāhṝtaḥ (vakra)|| ||
Pataṅaga
|-
Tapanīya
| Tūrṇaka (cūrṇakaḥ) || ||
Yavakā Oat Avena byzantina C.Koch.
|-
Hāyanāḥ
| Dirghasuka|| ||
Pāṁsu Deep-water paddy
|-
Vāpya
| Gauraḥ|| ||
Naiṣadhaka Inferior variety of śāli
|-
Ṣaṣṭikaḥ Dhānya
| Pāṇḍuka || ||
ṣaṣṭikaḥ Sastika rice
|-
Varaka (cīnāka) Common millet Panicum miliaceum Linn.
| Lāṅgulau|| ||
Uddālaka(vanakodrava) Kodo millet Paspalum scrobiculatum var. sommeronii Stapf.
|-
Cīna
| Sugandhaka|| basmati rice ||
Śārada
|-
Ujjvala
| Lohavālaḥ|| ||
Dardurāḥ
|-
Gandhanāḥ (gandhalāḥ) Fragrant rice
| Sariva|| ||
Kuruvinda
|-
Vṛīhiḥ Dhānya
| Pramodakaḥ|| ||
Vṛīhiḥ
|-
Pāṭalaḥ
| Pataṅaga|| ||
Koradūṣaḥ (kodrava) Sanwa millet Paspalum scrobiculatum Linn.
|-
Śyāmākaḥ (sāṁvā) Japanese Barnyard Millet Echinochloa frumentacea Link.
| Tapaniya|| ||
Hastiśyāmāka (baṛāsāṁvā) Barnyard Millet Echinochloa crus galli- (Linn.) Beauv
|-
Nīvāra (tinnī kā cāvala) Hygroryza aristata (Retz.) Nees ex Wight & Arn
| Yavaka|| Oat || Avena byzantina C.Koch.
Toyaparṇī
|-
Gavedhukāḥ Job’s tears Coix lacryma-Jobi Linn.
| Hāyanāḥ|| ||
Praśāntika
|-
Ambhaḥśyāmāka (jalajanya viśeṣa sāṁvā)
| Pāṁsu|| Deep-water paddy||
Lauhityā
|-
Aṇu
| Vapya|| ||
Priyaṅgavaḥ (kaṅgunī) Italian millet Setaria italica Linn. Beauv.
|-
Mukundo
| Naiṣadhaka|| Inferior variety of sali||
Jhiṇṭi
|-
Garmūṭī Job’s tear (bigger variety) Coix gigantea Koenig ex Roxb.
|colspan="3" style="text-align:left;" | Ṣaṣṭikaḥ Dhānya
Varukā Sorghum halepense Linn.
|-
Varakā (śyāmabīja) Seed of Saccharum munja Roxb.
| ṣaṣṭikaḥ|| Sastika rice||
Śibira
|-
Utkaṭa
| Varaka (cinaka)|| Common millet|| Panicum miliaceum Linn.
Jūrṇāhvāḥ (jvāra) Great millet Sorghum vulgare (Linn.) Pers.
|-
Yava Barley Hordeum vulgare Linn.
| Uddalaka(vanakodrava)|| Kodo millet || Paspalum scrobiculatum var. sommeronii Stapf.
Veṇuyava Barley shaped bamboo fruit Bambusa arundinacea (Retz.)
|-
Roxb.
| Cina|| ||
Godhūmaḥ Wheat Triticum aestivum Linn.
|-
Nāndīmukhī Crowfoot grass Eleusine indica Gaertn.
| Sarada|| ||
Madhūlī (maḍuā, markaṭatṛṇa, nṛtyakuṇḍaka) Finger Millet Eleusine coracana Gaerin.
|-
Śamīdhānyaḥvargaḥ (class of di-cotyledons)
| Ujjvala || ||
Mudgaḥ Greengram Vigna radiata (Linn.) Wilczec
|-
Māṣaḥ Black gram Vigna mungo Linn. Hepper syn. Phaseolus Mungo Linn. Non-Roxb & auct
| Dardurāḥ|| ||
Rājamāṣaḥ (lobiyā, boḍā) Black eye-pea Vigna unguiculata Linn. Walp
|-
Kulatthā Horse-gram Dolichos biflorus Linn.
| Gandhanāḥ (gandhalāḥ)|| Fragrant rice||
Makuṣṭhako Moth-gram Vigna aconitifolia (Jacq.) Marechal
|-
Caṇakaḥ Chickpea Cicer arietinum Linn.
| Kuruvinda|| ||
Masūra Lentil Lens culinaris Medic.
|-
Khaṇḍikāḥ (khesārī-tripuṭakalāya) Chickling vetch Lathyrus sativus Linn.
|colspan="3" style="text-align:left;" | Vṛīhiḥ Dhānya
Hareṇu (choṭī yā deśī maṭara) Common pea Pisum sativum Sub sp.sativum, Co.ver. speciosum Dierb. Alef
|-
Kalāyaḥ Chickling vetch
| Vṛīhiḥ|| ||
Til (kṛṣṇatila) Seasam Sesamum indicum Linn.
|-
Śimbijātayaḥ Different types of legumes
| Pāṭalaḥ|| ||
Śimbi Legume
|-
Āḍhakī Pigeon-pea Cajanus cajan (Linn.) Mill Sp.
| Koradūṣaḥ (kodrava)|| Sanwa millet|| Paspalum scrobiculatum Linn.
Avalgujaḥ (bākucī) Babchi Seeds Psoralea corylifolia Linn.
|-
Aiḍagaja (cakramarda) Wild Senna/Sickle Senna Cassia tora Linn  
| Śyāmākaḥ (sāṁvā)|| Japanese Barnyard Millet|| Echinochloa frumentacea Link.
 
|-
Niṣpāva (sema) Lablab Dolichos lablab Linn. var.
| Hastiśyāmāka (baṛāsāṁvā)|| Barnyard Millet|| Echinochloa crus galli- (Linn.) Beauv
typicus Prain.
|-
Kākāṇḍa Sword bean Mucuna monosperma DC
| Nivara (tinni ka cavala)|| || Hygroryza aristata (Retz.)Nees ex Wight & Arn
Umā (atasī) Linseed Linum usitatissimum Linn.
|-
Ātmaguptā Cowhage Mucuna prurita Hook
| Toyaparṇī || ||
Māṁsavargaḥ
|-
| Gavedhukāḥ|| Job’s tears|| Coix lacryma-JobiLinn
Śākavargaḥ
|-
Pāṭhā Velvet-Leaf Pareira Cissampelos pareira Linn.
| Prasantika|| ||
Śuṣā (kāsamarda) Negro coffee Cassia occidentalis Linn.
|-
Śaṭīśāka (kapūrakacarī) Spiked Ginger Lily Hedychium spicatum Ham ex. Smith
| Setaria italica Linn. Beauv.|| ||
Vāstuka Chenopodium murale Linn.
|-
Suniṣaṇṇāka (caupatiyā) Marsilea minuta Linn.
| Lauhitya|| ||
Kākamācī Black nightshade Solanum nigrum Linn.
|-
Rājakṣavaka (dugdhikā) Asthma weed Euphorbia thymifolia Linn.
| Aṇu|| ||
Kālaśāka(cañcu bheda) Jute plant Corchorus capsularis Linn.
|-
Kālāyaṁ(kālākhyaṁ) śāka
| Priyaṅgavaḥ (kaṅgunī)|| Italian millet|| Setaria italica Linn. Beauv.
Cāṅagerī Indian sorrel Oxalis corniculata Linn.
|-
Upodikā (poī) Indian spinach Basella rubra Linn.
| Mukundo || ||
Taṇḍulīyakaḥ Prickly Amaranth Amaranthus spinosus Linn.
|-
Maṇḍūkaparṇī Indian pennywort Centella asiatica (Linn.) Urban
| Jhiṇṭi || ||
Vetrāgraṁ (beṁta) Country willow / Bareilly Cane Calamus tenuis Roxb.
|-
Kucelā (rājapāṭhā- akarṇaviddhikābhedaḥ) Cyclea arnotii Meirs
| Garmūṭī|| Job’s tear (bigger variety)|| Coix gigantea Koenig ex Roxb.
Vanatiktakam (pathyasundaraka yā grīṣmasundara gīmāśāka) Mollugo spergula Linn.
|-
Karkoṭaka (baḍā kakoḍā)
| Varuka|| || Sorghum halepense Linn.
Sponge gourd/ Bur
|-
Cucumber Momordica dioica Roxb.ex Willd
| Varaka (syamabija) || || Seed of Saccharum munja Roxb.
Avalgujaka (bākucī)
|-
Babchi Psoralea corylifolia Linn.
| Sibira || ||
Paṭolaṁ  
|-
Pointed gourd Trichosanthes dioica Roxb.
| Utkaṭa|| ||
Śakulādanī (kuṭakī) Kurroa Picrorhiza kurroa Royle ex Benth.
|-
Vṛṣapuṣpā (vāsapuṣpā) Flower of Vāsaka Adhatoda vasica Nees
| Jūrṇāhvāḥ (jvāra)|| Great millet|| Sorghum vulgare (Linn.)Pers.
Śārṅgeṣṭā (lākhana)
|-
Black night shade Dregea volubilis (Linn.f) Benth.
| Yava|| Barley || Hordeum vulgare Linn.
Kembūkaṁ Swamp cabbage Ipomoea aquatica Forsk
|-
Kaṭhillaka (raktapunarnavā) Hog weed Boerhavia diffusa Linn.
| Veṇuyava|| Barley shaped bamboo fruit|| Bambusa arundinacea(Retz.)Roxb.
Nāḍīśāka (naracā in bengali) Wild Tossa jute Corchorus olitorius Linn.
|-
Kalāya (khesārī) Chickling vetch Lathyrus sativus Linn.
| Godhūmaḥ|| Wheat || Triticum aestivum Linn.
Gojihvā (vanagobhī) Elephant’s foot Launaea asplenifolia Hook.f.
|-
Vārtāka Brinjal Solanum melongena Linn.
| Nandimukhi || Crowfoot grass|| Eleusine indica Gaertn.
Tilaparṇikā (hulahula) Dog mustard / Wild mustard Cleome icosandra Linn.
|-
Kaulakaṁ (kāravellakaḥ) Carilla Momordica charantia Linn.
| Madhūlī (maḍuā, markaṭatṛṇa, nṛtyakuṇḍaka)|| Finger Millet|| Eleusine coracana Gaerin.
Kārkaṣaṁ Momordica sp.
|-
Naimbaṁ ṣākaṁ Neem leaves Azadirachta indica A.Juss
|colspan="3" style="text-align:left;" | Śamīdhānyaḥvargaḥ (class of di-cotyledons)  
Pārpaṭakaṁ (pittapāpaḍā) Trailing rungia Fumaria vaillantii Loisel
|-
Śūpyaśāka- Patraśāka
| Mudgaḥ|| Greengram || Vigna radiata (Linn.) Wilczec
Phañjī Bind weed Rivea ornate (Roxb.) Choisy
|-
Cillī White goosefoot Chenopodium album Linn.
| Māṣaḥ|| Black gram || Vigna mungo Linn. Heppersyn. Phaseolus Mungo Linn. Non-Roxb & auct
Kutumbakaḥ (gūmāpatra) White Dead Nettle shrub Lamium album Linn.
|-
Āluka Tubers of Aluka Dioscorea species
| Rājamāṣaḥ (lobiyā, boḍā)|| Black eye-pea || Vigna unguiculata Linn. Walp
Kuṭiñjara patra (tāmramūlī) Digera muricata (Linn.) Mart
|-
Śaṇa Bengal hemp plant Crotalaria verrucosa Linn.
| Kulattha|| Horse-gram || Dolichos biflorus Linn.
Śālmalipuṣpā Silk cotton Salmalia malabarica (DC) Schott & Endl
|-
Karbudāraḥ Mountain ebony Bauhinia variegata Linn.
| Makuṣṭhako || Moth-gram || Vigna aconitifolia (Jacq.)Marechal
Suvarcalā Heliotrope Malva rotundifolia Linn.
|-
Niṣpāvaḥ (Sema)
| Caṇakaḥ || Chickpea|| Cicer arietinum Linn.
Lablab bean Dolichos lablab Linn.
|-
Kovidāra
| Khaṇḍikāḥ (khesārī-tripuṭakalāya)|| Chickling vetch|| Lathyrus sativus Linn.
Variegated mountain ebony Bauhinia purpurea Linn.
|-
Pattura  
| Hareṇu (choṭī yā deśī maṭara)|| Common pea || Pisum sativum Sub sp.sativum, Co.ver. speciosum Dierb. Alef
Coxcomb Alternanthera sessilis (Linn.) R.Br.ex DC
|-
Cuñcuparṇikā
| Kalāyaḥ|| Chickling vetch ||
Multa jute Corchorus Sp.
|-
Kumārajīvo Amaranthus paniculatus Linn.
|Til (kṛṣṇatila)|| Seasam|| Sesamum indicum Linn
Loṭṭākaḥ (raktamariṣa) Chinese spinach Amaranthus tricolor Linn.
|-
Pālaṅkyā Spinach Spinacia oleracea Linn.
| Śimbijātayaḥ|| Different types of legumes||
Māriṣa Amaranth Amaranthus blitus Linn.var. oleraceus Duthie
|-
Kalambanālikā (karemuā kī nāla) Swamp cabbage Ipomoea aquatica Forsk.
| Simbi|| Legume||
Āsūryaḥ (rāī) Mustard Brassica juncea (Linn.) Czern & Coss
|-
Kusumbha Safflower Carthamus tinctorius Linn.
| Āḍhakī|| Pigeon-pea || Cajanus cajan (Linn.) Mill Sp.
Vṛkadhūmakaḥ (bhūmiśirīṣa) Young Siris
|-
Lakṣmaṇā
|Avalgujaḥ (bākucī)|| Babchi Seeds || Psoralea corylifolia Linn.
Prapunnāḍa Fetid cassia/
|-
Ringworm plant Cassia tora Linn.
|Aiḍagaja (cakramarda)|| Wild Senna/Sickle Senna|| Cassia tora Linn  
Nalinī Stalk of lotus Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.
|-
Kuṭherakaḥ Shrubby basil Ocimum sp.
| Niṣpāva (sema) || Lablab || Dolichos lablab Linn. var.
Loṇikā (nonīśāka) Common Indian purslane Portulaca quadrifida Linn.
typicusPrain.
Yavaśākaṁ (vāstuka) Red variety of white goose foot Chenopodium purpurascens B.DE JUSS.ex JACQ  
|-
Kūṣmāṇḍa White gourd Benincasa hispida Thunb. Cong
| Kākāṇḍa|| Sword bean || Mucuna monosperma DC
Avalgujam Babchi leaves Psoralea corylifolia Linn.
|-
Yātukaḥ (śālaparṇī bheda) Desmodium Sp.
| Uma (atasi) || Linseed || Linum usitatissimum Linn.
Śālakalyāṇī (śālīñca bheda) Alternanthera sp.
|-
Triparṇī (haṁsapadī) Maidenhair Fern Adiantum lunulatum Burm.
| Atmagupta|| Cowhage || Mucuna prurita Hook
Pīluparṇikā (moraṭa) Trilobed virgin’s bower Maerua arenaria Hook.F & Th.
|-
Śaṇa Flower of Bengal hemp Crotalaria juncea Linn.
|colspan="3" style="text-align:left;" | Māṁsavargaḥ
Kovidāra puṣpa Pink Bauhinia Bauhinia purpurea Linn.
|-
Karbudāra puṣpa Mountain Ebony Bauhinia variegata Linn.
| || ||
Śālmalī puṣpa Silk cotton Salmalia malabarica (DC) Schott & Endl
|-
Nyagrodha pallavāḥ Banyan Tender leaves of Ficus benghalensis Linn.
|colspan="3" style="text-align:left;" | Śākavargaḥ
Udumbara pallavāḥ Gular fig / Country Fig Tender leaves of Ficus racemosa Linn.
|-
Aśvattha pallavāḥ Holy fig Tender leaves of Ficus religiosa Linn.
| Pāṭhā || Velvet-Leaf Pareira|| Cissampelos pareira Linn.
Plakṣa pallavāḥ White fig Tender leaves of Ficus lacor Buch.-Ham
|-
Padma pallavāḥ Lotus Tender leaves of Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn
| Śuṣā (kāsamarda)|| Negro coffee || Cassia occidentalis Linn
Vatsādanī (amṛtāpatra) Guduchi Tinospora cordifolia (Willd) Miers ex Hook f. & Thoms
|-
Gaṇḍīra
| Śaṭīśāka (kapūrakacarī)|| Spiked Ginger Lily|| Hedychium spicatum Ham ex. Smith
Citraka White flowered Leadwort Plumbago zeylanica Linn.
|-
Śreyasī (rāsnā) Elephant pepper Pluchea lanceolata C.B. Clarke
| Vastuka || || Chenopodium murale Linn.
Bilvaparṇī Limonia crenulata Roxb.
|-
Bilvapatraṁ Leaves of Bael tree Aegle marmelos (L.) Correa ex Roxb.
| Suniṣaṇṇāka (caupatiyā)|| || Marsilea minuta Linn.
Bhaṇḍī (Sirīṣa) East Indian walnut Albizia lebbeck (Linn.) Willd
|-
Śatāvarīśākaṁ Climbing asparagus Asparagus racemosus Willd
| Kakamaci|| Black nightshade || Solanum nigrum Linn.
Balā Heart-leaved sida /Country Mallow Sida cordifolia Linn.
|-
Jīvantiśāka Cork swallow wort Leptadenia reticulata W.& A.
| Rājakṣavaka (dugdhikā)|| Asthma weed || Euphorbia thymifolia Linn.
Parvaṇyāḥ Leaves of scutch grass Polygonum sp.
|-
Parvapuṣpyā Polygonum sp.
| Kalasaka(cañcu bheda) || Jute plant || Corchorus capsularis Linn.
Tiktaṁ lāṅgalī Glory Lily Gloriosa superba Linn.
|-
Urubūkayoḥ patraśākaṁ (rakta eraṇḍa patra) Red flowered castor oil plant Ricinus communis Linn.
| Kālāyaṁ(kālākhyaṁ) śāka|| ||
Tilaśākaṁ Leaf of Gingelly Sesamum indicum Linn.
|-
Vetasaśākaṁ Goat Willow Salix caprea Linn.
| Cāṅagerī || Indian sorrel|| Oxalis corniculata Linn.
Pañcāṅgulasyaśākaṁ (śveta eraṇḍa) Castor oil plant Ricinus communis Linn.
|-
Kausumbhaṁ Safflower Carthamus tinctorius Linn.
| Upodika (poi)|| Indian spinach || Basella rubra Linn.
Trapusa Common Cucumber Cucumis sativus Linn.
|-
Ervāruka (phūṭa kākaḍī) Phut cucumber Cucumis utilissimus Roxb.
| Taṇḍulīyakaḥ || Prickly Amaranth || Amaranthus spinosus Linn.
Alābū (lambā kaddū) Bottle-gourd Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) Standl.
|-
Cirbhaṭa (māravāṛa meṁ kākaṛī) Sweet Melon Cucumis momordica Duth & Full.
| Maṇḍūkaparṇī || Indian pennywort || Centella asiatica (Linn.) Urban
|-
Kūṣmāṇḍa Ripen white gourd Benincasa hispida (Thunb) Cogn.
| Vetrāgraṁ (beṁta)|| Country willow / Bareilly Cane|| Calamus tenuis Roxb.
Kelūṭa
|-
Kadamba Kadam Anthocephalus cadamba Miq
| Kucelā (rājapāṭhā- akarṇaviddhikābhedaḥ)|| || Cyclea arnotii Meirs
Nadīmāṣaka(udīmānaka)
|-
Ainduka (nikṣāraḥ) Common mountain ebony
| Vanatiktakam (pathyasundaraka yā grīṣmasundara gīmāśāka)|| || Mollugo spergula Linn.
Utpalāni Blue water lily Nymphaea caerulea auct. W. Afr.
|-
 
| Karkoṭaka (baḍā kakoḍā)|| Sponge gourd/ BurCucumber|| Momordica dioica Roxb.ex Willd
Tālapralambaṁ (tālāṅkura)
|-
sprouts of Palmyra Borassus flabellifer Linn.
| Avalgujaka (bakuci)|| Babchi || Psoralea corylifolia Linn
Kharjūra
|-
Date Phoenix sylvestris Roxb.
| Paṭolaṁ || Pointed gourd || Trichosanthes dioica Roxb.
Tālaśasya (Tālaphala)
|-
Śasya=mastaka majjā Palmyra Borassus flabellifer Linn.
| Śakulādanī (kuṭakī)|| Kurroa || Picrorhiza kurroa Royle ex Benth.
Tarūṭa  
|-
Taruta Dioscorea belophylla Voight
| Vṛṣapuṣpā (vāsapuṣpā)|| Flower of Vasaka|| Adhatoda vasica Nees
Bisa (kamalakāṇḍa)
|-
Lotus stem Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.
| Śārṅgeṣṭā (lākhana)|| Black night shade || Dregea volubilis (Linn.f) Benth.
Śālūka (kamalakanda)
|-
Lotus bulbs Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.
| Kembūkaṁ|| Swamp cabbage|| Ipomoea aquatica Forsk
Krauñcādana (utpalabīja-bheṁṭa)= dhiñculikā
|-
Seed of Blue Star Water-lily Nymphaea stellata Willd.
| Kaṭhillaka (raktapunarnavā)|| Hog weed || Boerhavia diffusa Linn.
Kaśeruka (ciñcoḍakā)
|-
Club-rush Scirpus grossus Linn.f.
| Nāḍīśāka (naracā in bengali)|| Wild Tossa jute || Corchorus olitorius Linn
Śṛṅgāṭaka Indian water chest-nut Trapa natans Linn.Var. bispinosa Roxb.Makino
|-
Aṅkoloḍya (makhānā)= hrasvotpalakandaḥ Fox nut Euryale ferox Salisb.
| Kalaya (khesari)|| Chickling vetch || Lathyrus sativus Linn.
Kumuda nāla-puṣpa-phala Night-flower lotus Nymphaea stellata Willd.
|-
Utpala nāla-puṣpa-phala Blue water lily Nymphaea stellata Willd.
| Gojihva (vanagobhi) || Elephant’s foot || Launaea asplenifolia Hook.f.
Pauṣkarabīja (kamalagaṭṭā) Seeds of sacred lotus Seeds of Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.
|-
Muñjātakaḥ (sālamapañcā) Salep Orchis latifolia Linn.
| Vartaka || Brinjal|| Solanum melongena Linn.
Vidārikanda Bulb of Indian kudju Pueraria tuberosa (Willd) DC
|-
Amlikākanda Bulb of Betel yarn Vitis pentaphylla Thunb
| Tilaparṇikā (hulahula)|| Dog mustard / Wildmustard || Cleome icosandra Linn.
Sārṣapaśāka Mustard leaves Brassica campestris Linn. Var.Sarson Prain
|-
Piṇḍāluka Common yam Dioscorea species
| Kaulakaṁ (kāravellakaḥ)|| Carilla || Momordica charantia Linn.
Chatraka (except sarpaphaṇākāraṁ chatrakam) Mushroom
|-
Phalavargaḥ
| Kārkaṣaṁ || || Momordica sp.
Mṛdvīkā Grape Vitis vinifera Linn.
|-
Kharjūra  Date Phoenix sylvestris Roxb.
| Naimbaṁ ṣākaṁ || Neem leaves|| Azadirachta indica A.Juss
Phalgu Common fig Ficus carica Linn.
|-
Parūṣaka Sweet Falsah Grewia asiatia Linn.
| Pārpaṭakaṁ (pittapāpaḍā)|| Trailing rungia || Fumaria vaillantii Loisel
Madhūka Mohwah Madhuca indica J.F. Gmel.
|-
Āmrātaṁ Indian hog-plum Spondias pinnata Linn.P
|colspan="3" style="text-align:left;" | Supyasaka- Patrasaka
Tālaśasyāni Palmyra Borassus flabellifer Linn.
|-
Nārikelaphala Coconut Cocus nucifera Linn.
| Phañji || Bind weed || Rivea ornate (Roxb.) Choisy
Bhavyaṁ Showy Dillenia fruits Dillenia indica Linn.
|-
Amla parūṣaka Sour kind of Falsah Grewia asiatia Linn.
| Cilli || White goosefoot || Chenopodium album Linn.
Amla drākṣā Sour kind of Grape Vitis vinifera Linn.
|-
Amla badara Jujube (sour kind) Ziziphus maruitiana Lam.
| Kutumbakaḥ (gūmāpatra)|| White Dead Nettle shrub || Lamium album Linn.
Āruka Peach Prunus persica Batasch.
|-
Karkandhu Wild ziziphus Ziziphus nummularia Burm.F.
| Aluka|| Tubers of Aluka|| Dioscorea species
Nikuca (amlalakuca) Artocarpus lakoocha Roxb.
|-
Āruka (Pakva) Prunus persica Batasch.
| Kuṭiñjara patra (tāmramūlī)|| || Digera muricata (Linn.)Mart
Pārāvata Garcinia cowa Roxb.
|-
Kāśmaryaphalam (kāśmarī phala) White teak Gmelina arborea Roxb.
| Śaṇa || Bengal hemp plant || Crotalaria verrucosa Linn
Amlatūda Mulberry Morus alba Linn.
|-
Ṭaṅkaṁ Pear fruit Pyrus communis Linn.
| Śālmalipuṣpā || Silk cotton || Salmalia malabarica (DC) Schott & Endl
Kapitthaṁ Raw wood- apple Feronia limonia (Linn.) Swingle
|-
Bilvaṁ Bael Eagle mormelos Corr.
| Karbudāraḥ || Mountain ebony || Bauhinia variegata Linn.
Āmra Mango Mangifera indica Linn.
|-
Jāmbava Jambul Syzygium cumimi Linn.Skeel
| Suvarcala || Heliotrope || Malva rotundifolia Linn.
Badaraṁ Jujube Ziziphus maruitiana Lam.
|-
Siñcitikā (badara jāti)
| Niṣpāvaḥ (Sema)|| Lablab bean|| Dolichos lablab Linn.
Gāṅgeruka Gingo fruit Grewia hirsuta Vahl.
|-
Karīra phala
| Kovidara || Variegated mountain ebony|| Bauhinia purpurea Linn
Caper Capparis deciduas Edgew.
|-
Bimbī phala
| Pattura || Coxcomb|| Alternanthera sessilis (Linn.) R.Br.ex DC
Scarlet-fruited gourd Coccinia indica W & A
|-
Todana phala Todan Grewia species
| Cuñcuparṇikā|| Multa jute || Corchorus Sp.
Dhanvana phala
|-
Fruits of common Indian linden / Dhaman Grewia tiliaefolia Vahl.
| Kumarajivo|| || Amaranthus paniculatus Linn.
Panasa-Pakva Indian jack fruit Artocarpus integrifolia Linn. f.
|-
Moca (kelā) Banana Musa paradisiaca Linn.
| Loṭṭākaḥ (raktamariṣa)|| Chinese spinach || Amaranthus tricolor Linn.
Rājādana phala Fruits of Indian ape flower tree Mimusops hexandra Roxb.
|-
Lavalīphala Luvunga scandens (Roxb.) Buch.-Ham.ex Wight.
| Pālaṅkyā || Spinach|| Spinacia oleracea Linn.
Nīpaṁ  
|-
Cadamba Mitragyna parviflora (Roxb.) Korth
| Māriṣa || Amaranth|| Amaranthus blitus Linn.var. oleraceusDuthie
Śatāhvakaṁ ( sabhārgakaṁ) –she Dill Anethum sowa Roxb. ex Flem
|-
Pīlu
| Kalambanalika (karemua ki nala)|| Swamp cabbage|| Ipomoea aquatica Forsk.
Tooth brush tree Salvadora persica Linn.
|-
Tṛṇaśūnyaṁ (kevaḍe kā phala) Screw pine Pandanus odoratissimus Linn.f.
| Āsūryaḥ (rāī)|| Mustard || Brassica juncea (Linn.) Czern & Coss
Vikaṅkatam
|-
Governor’s Plum Thorny stuff Flacourtia ramonthii L. Herit
| Kusumbha|| Safflower || Carthamus tinctorius Linn.
Prācīnāmalakaṁ Puneala plum Flacourtia jangomas (Lour.) Raeusch.
|-
Aiṅgudaṁ (aiṅgudī phala) Zachum oil plant Balanites aegyptica Linn. Delile
| Vṛkadhūmakaḥ (bhūmiśirīṣa)|| Young Siris ||
Tindukaṁ Gaub Persimmon/ Riber Ebony Diospyros embryopteris Pers.
|-
Āmalaka Emblic myrobalan Emblica officinalis Gaertn.
| Lakṣmaṇā || ||
Bibhītakam Belliric myrobalan Terminalia bellirica Roxb.
|-
Dāḍimaṁ Pomegranate Punica granatum Linn.
| Prapunnāḍa || Fetid cassia/Ringworm plant|| Cassia tora Linn.
Vṛkṣāmlaṁ (mahādrakam) Kokum-butter Garcinia indica Choisy
|-
Amlikā (tintiḍī/imalī) Tamarind Tamarindus indica Linn.
| Nalini || Stalk of lotus || Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.
Amlavetasa Amlavetasa Hippophae rhamnoides sub sp. salicifolia
|-
Mātuluṅga Kesara of citron Citrus medica Linn.
| Kuṭherakaḥ|| Shrubby basil || Ocimum sp.
Karcūraḥ Long Zedoary Curcuma zedoaria Rosc.
|-
Nāgaraṅgaphala Common Orange Citrus reticulata Blanco
| Loṇikā (nonīśāka)|| Common Indian purslane || Portulaca quadrifida Linn.
Vātāma (bādāma) Almond Prunus amygdalus Batsch. Variety sativa (sweet)
|-
Abhiṣuka (pistā) Green Almond Pistacia vera Linn.
| Yavaśākaṁ (vāstuka)|| Red variety of white goose foot || Chenopodium purpurascens B.DE JUSS.ex JACQ
Akṣoṭa (akharoṭa) Walnut Juglans regia Linn.
|-
Mukūlaka Edible pine Baliospermum montanum (Willd.) Muell-Arg
| Kūṣmāṇḍa || White gourd || Benincasa hispida Thunb. Cong
Nikocaka (cilagojā) Chilgoza pine Pinus gerardiana Wallich.
|-
Urumāṇa (jardālu, khuvānī) Apricot Prunus armeniaca Linn.
| Avalgujam || Babchi leaves || Psoralea corylifolia Linn.
Priyāla Buchanan’s mango Buchanania lanzan Spreng
|-
Ṣleṣmātaka phalaṁ Sabestan plum Cordia dichotoma Forst.f.
| Yātukaḥ (śālaparṇī bheda)|| || Desmodium Sp.
Aṅkoṭaphala Alangy Alangium salviifolium Linn. F. Wang.
|-
Śamīphalam Prosopis spicigera Linn.
| Śālakalyāṇī (śālīñca bheda) || || Alternanthera sp.
Kārañja Fruit of Indian Beech Pongamia pinnata Pierre
|-
Āmrātaka Indian Hog plum Spondias pinnata (Linn.f) Kurz
| Triparṇī (haṁsapadī)|| Maidenhair Fern|| Adiantum lunulatum Burm.
Dantaśaṭha(jamvīrīnivū) Lemon Citrus limon Linn. Burm.f.
|-
Karamardaka Bengal currant Carissa spinarum Linn.
| Pīluparṇikā (moraṭa)|| Trilobed virgin’s bower || Maerua arenaria Hook.F & Th.
Airāvata (nāgaraṅgam) Common Orange Citrus sinensis (Linn.) osbeck
|-
Vārtāka Brinjal Solanum melongena Linn.
| Śaṇa|| Flower of Bengal hemp || Crotalaria juncea Linn.
Parpaṭakīphalam (pāpaḍā) Gardenia latifolia Ait
|-
Ākṣikīphala Akshiki fruit Morinda tinctoria Roxb.
| Kovidāra puṣpa|| Pink Bauhinia|| Bauhinia purpurea Linn.
Aśvattha phala Fruits of the Holy fig Ficus religiosa Linn.
|-
Udumbara phala Country Fig /Gular fig Ficus glomerata Roxb.
| Karbudāra puṣpa|| Mountain Ebony || Bauhinia variegata Linn.
Plakṣa phala Yellow Barked fig Ficus lacor Buch- Ham
|-
Nyagrodha phala Banyan Ficus benghalensis Linn.
| Śālmalī puṣpa|| Silk cotton || Salmalia malabarica (DC)Schott & Endl
Bhallātaka Marking nut Semecarpus anacardium Linn.f
|-
Haritavargaḥ
| Nyagrodha pallavāḥ|| Banyan || Tender leaves of Ficus benghalensis Linn.
Ārdraka /viśvabheṣaja Green Ginger Zingiber officinale Rosc.
|-
Jambīra Jambira Citrus limon (Linn.) Burm.F
| Udumbara pallavāḥ|| Gular fig / Country Fig|| Tender leaves of Ficus racemosa Linn
Mūlaka Garden Radish Raphanus sativus Linn.
|-
Surasaḥ (tulasī)/pūtigandhahā Holy basil Ocimum sanctum Linn.
| Aśvattha pallavāḥ|| Holy fig || Tender leaves of Ficus religiosa Linn.
Yavānī Bishop’s weed, carum seeds, or thymol seeds Trachyspermum ammi (Linn.) Sprague
|-
Arjaka Shrubby Basil Orthosiphon pallidus Royle
| Plakṣa pallavāḥ|| White fig || Tender leaves of Ficus lacor Buch.-Ham
Śigru Drumstick Moringa oleifera Lam
|-
Śāleya (Mūlakapotikā) Small variety of Radish Raphanus sativus Linn.(small variety)
| Padma pallavāḥ|| Lotus || Tender leaves of Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn
Mṛṣṭaka Brown mustard Brassica juncea (Linn.) Czern. & Coss
|-
Gaṇḍīra Coleus barbatus Benth.
| Vatsādanī (amṛtāpatra)|| Guduchi|| Tinosporacordifolia (Willd) Miers ex Hook f. & Thoms
Jalapippalī Hog fruit Lippia nodiflora Rich.
|-
Tumbaruḥ Indian tooth ache Zanthoxylum armatum DC.
| Gaṇḍīra || ||
Śṛṅgaverikā (ārdrikā- harī dhanīyā) Green coriander Coriandrum sativum Linn.
|-
Bhūstṛṇa Ginger grass Hyptis sauveolens poll
| Citraka || White flowered Leadwort || Plumbago zeylanica Linn.
Kharāhvā (ajamodā) Celery seeds Carum roxburghianum D.C. Craib
|-
Dhānyaka (dhaniyā śuṣka) Coriander Coriandrum sativum Linn.
| Sreyasi (rasna)|| Elephant pepper || Pluchea lanceolata C.B. Clarke
Ajagandhā (vana yavānī) Wild thyme Thymus serpyllum Linn
|-
Sumukha (tulasī bheda) Occimum sp
| Bilvaparṇī   || || Limonia crenulata Roxb.
Gṛñjanaka (eka putī rasona) Leek Allium ameloprasum Hook.f. non  Linn
|-
Palāṇḍu Onion Allium cepa Linn.
| Bilvapatraṁ|| Leaves of Bael tree|| Aegle marmelos (L.) Correa ex Roxb.
Laśunaḥ Garlic Allium sativum Linn.
|-
Āhārayogivarga
| Bhaṇḍī (Sirīṣa)|| East Indian walnut|| Albizia lebbeck (Linn.) Willd
Tila Gingelly Sesamum indicum Linn.
|-
Airaṇḍatailaṁ Castor Ricinus communis Linn.
| Śatāvarīśākaṁ || Climbing asparagus || Asparagus racemosus Willd
Sārṣapaṁ tailaṁ Rape-seed Brassica campestris Linn. Var. Sarson Prain
|-
Priyālatailaṁ Buchanans mango Buchanania lanzan Spreng
| Bala || Heart-leaved sida /Country Mallow|| Sida cordifolia Linn.
Ātasī Linseed Linum usitatissimum Linn.
|-
Kusumbhataila Safflower Carthamus tinctorius Linn.
| Jivantisaka || Cork swallow wort || Leptadenia reticulata W.& A.
Viśvabheṣaja Ginger Zingiber officinale Rosc.
|-
Ārdrapippalī/śuṣkapippalī Long pepper Piper longum Linn.
| Parvaṇyāḥ || Leaves of scutch grass || Polygonum sp.
Maricaḥ Black pepper Piper nigrum Linn.
|-
Hiṅgu Asafoetida Ferula narthex Boiss.
| Parvapuṣpyā|| || Polygonum sp.
Kāravī (kṛṣṇa jīraka) Celery Carum bulbocastanum W.Koch.
|-
Kuñcikā Black cumin Nigella sativa Linn.
| Tiktaṁ lāṅgalī || Glory Lily || Gloriosa superba Linn.
Ajājī (jīraka) Cumin seed Cuminum cyminum Linn.
|-
Yavānī Bishop’s weed Trachyspermum ammi (Linn.) Sprague
| Urubūkayoḥ patraśākaṁ(rakta eraṇḍa patra) || Red flowered castoroil plant || Ricinus communis Linn.
Dhānyaka Coriander Coriandrum sativum Linn.
|-
Tumburu (nepālī dhaniyā) Indian tooth-ache Zanthoxylum armatum DC.
| Tilaśākaṁ|| Leaf of Gingelly|| Sesamum indicum Linn.
|-
| Vetasaśākaṁ   || Goat Willow || Salix caprea Linn.
|-
| Pañcāṅgulasyaśākaṁ (śveta eraṇḍa)|| Castor oil plant || Ricinus communis Linn.
|-
| Kausumbhaṁ || Safflower|| Carthamus tinctorius Linn.
|-
| Trapusa || Common Cucumber || Cucumis sativus Linn.
|-
| Ervāruka (phūṭa kākaḍī)|| Phut cucumber|| Cucumis utilissimus Roxb.
|-
| Alabu (lamba kaddu)|| Bottle-gourd || Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) Standl.
|-
| Cirbhaṭa (māravāṛa meṁ kākaṛī)|| Sweet Melon|| Cucumis momordica Duth & Full.
|-
| Kūṣmāṇḍa|| Ripen white gourd || Benincasa hispida (Thunb) Cogn.
|-
| Kelūṭa || ||
|-
| Kadamba || Kadam|| Anthocephalus cadamba Miq
|-
| Nadīmāṣaka(udīmānaka)|| ||
|-
| Ainduka (nikṣāraḥ)|| Common mountain ebony||
|-
| Utpalani || Blue water lily || Nymphaea caerulea auct. W. Afr.
|-
| Tālapralambaṁ (tālāṅkura)|| sprouts of Palmyra || Borassus flabellifer Linn.
|-
| Kharjura || Date || Phoenix sylvestris Roxb.
|-
| Talasasya (Talaphala)   Sasya=mastaka majja|| Palmyra|| Borassus flabellifer Linn.
|-
| Tarūṭa || Taruta|| Dioscorea belophylla Voight
|-
| Bisa (kamalakāṇḍa)|| Lotus stem|| Nelumbonucifera Gaertn.
|-
| Saluka (kamalakanda)|| Lotus bulbs || Nelumbonucifera Gaertn.
|-
| Krauñcādana (utpalabīja-bheṁṭa)= dhiñculikā= dhiñculika|| Seed of Blue Star Water-lily|| Nymphaeastellata Willd.
|-
| Kaśeruka (ciñcoḍakā)|| Club-rush|| Scirpusgrossus Linn.f.
|-
| Śṛṅgāṭaka || Indian water chest-nut || Trapa natans Linn.Var. bispinosa Roxb.Makino
|-
| Aṅkoloḍya (makhānā)= hrasvotpalakandaḥ|| Fox nut|| Euryaleferox Salisb.
|-
| Kumuda nāla-puṣpa-phala|| Night-flower lotus || Nymphaea stellata Willd.
|-
| Utpala nāla-puṣpa-phala|| Blue water lily|| Nymphaeastellata Willd.
|-
| Pauṣkarabīja (kamalagaṭṭā)|| Seeds of sacred lotus || Seeds of Nelumbonucifera Gaertn.
|-
| Muñjātakaḥ (sālamapañcā)|| Salep || Orchislatifolia Linn.
|-
| Vidarikanda || Bulb of Indian kudju|| Puerariatuberosa (Willd) DC
|-
| Amlikakanda || Bulb of Betel yarn || Vitispentaphylla Thunb
|-
| Sārṣapaśāka || Mustard leaves Mustard leaves || Brassicacampestris Linn. Var.Sarson Prain
|-
| Piṇḍāluka|| Common yam || Dioscorea species
|-
| Chatraka (except sarpaphaṇākāraṁ chatrakam|| Mushroom||
|-
|colspan="3" style="text-align:left;" | Phalavargaḥ
|-
| Mṛdvīkā || Grape || Vitisvinifera Linn.
|-
| Kharjura || Date || Phoenixsylvestris Roxb.
|-
| Phalgu || Common fig || Ficuscarica Linn.
|-
| Parūṣaka || Sweet Falsah || Grewiaasiatia Linn.
|-
| Madhuka|| Mohwah|| Madhucaindica J.F. Gmel.
|-
| Āmrātaṁ || Indian hog-plum || Spondiaspinnata Linn.P
|-
| Talasasyani || Palmyra|| Borassusflabellifer Linn.
|-
| Narikelaphala|| Coconut || Cocusnucifera Linn.
|-
| Bhavyaṁ || Showy Dillenia fruits || Dilleniaindica Linn.
|-
| Amla parūṣaka || Sour kind of Falsah || Grewiaasiatia Linn.
|-
| Amla drākṣā || Sour kind of Grape || Vitisvinifera Linn.
|-
| Amla badara || Jujube (sour kind)|| Ziziphus maruitiana Lam.
|-
| Aruka|| Peach|| Prunuspersica Batasch.
|-
| Karkandhu || Wild ziziphus || Ziziphus nummularia Burm.F.
|-
| Nikuca (amlalakuca)|| || Artocarpuslakoocha Roxb.
|-
| Aruka (Pakva)|| || Prunuspersica Batasch.
|-
| Paravata || || Garciniacowa Roxb.
|-
| Kasmaryaphalam (kasmari phala) || White teak ||Gmelinaarborea Roxb.
|-
| Amlatuda || Mulberry|| Morusalba Linn.
|-
| Ṭaṅkaṁ || Pear fruit || Pyruscommunis Linn.
|-
| Kapitthaṁ|| Raw wood- apple || Feronialimonia (Linn.) Swingle
|-
| Bilvaṁ|| Bael|| Eaglemormelos Corr.
|-
| Amra|| Mango|| Mangiferaindica Linn.
|-
| Jambava|| Jambul|| Syzygiumcumimi Linn.Skeel
|-
| Badaraṁ || Jujube || Ziziphus maruitiana Lam.
|-
| Siñcitika (badara jati)|| ||
|-
| Gāṅgeruka || Gingo fruit || Grewiahirsuta Vahl.
|-
| Karira phala|| Caper || Capparisdeciduas Edgew.
|-
| Bimbi phala|| Scarlet-fruited gourd || Cocciniaindica W & A
|-
| Todana phala|| Todan || Grewiaspecies
|-
| Dhanvana phala|| Fruits of common Indian linden / Dhaman|| Grewiatiliaefolia Vahl.
|-
| Panasa-Pakva|| Indian jack fruit || Artocarpus integrifolia Linn. f.
|-
| Moca (kela)|| Banana || Musaparadisiaca Linn.
|-
| Rajadana phala|| Fruits of Indian ape flower tree || Mimusopshexandra Roxb.
|-
| Lavaliphala || || Luvungascandens (Roxb.) Buch.-Ham.ex Wight.
|-
| Nīpaṁ || Cadamba || Mitragynaparviflora (Roxb.) Korth
|-
| Śatāhvakaṁ ( sabhārgakaṁ) –she|| Dill|| Anethumsowa Roxb. ex Flem
|-
| Pilu|| Tooth brush tree || Salvadorapersica Linn.
|-
| Tṛṇaśūnyaṁ (kevaḍe kā phala)|| Screw pine || Pandanusodoratissimus Linn.f.
|-
| Vikaṅkatam|| Governor’s Plum Thorny stuff || Flacourtiaramonthii L. Herit
|-
| Prācīnāmalakaṁ || Puneala plum|| Flacourtia jangomas (Lour.)Raeusch.
|-
| Aiṅgudaṁ (aiṅgudī phala) || Zachum oil plant || Balanitesaegyptica Linn. Delile
|-
| Tindukaṁ|| Gaub Persimmon/ Riber Ebony|| Diospyrosembryopteris Pers.
|-
| Amalaka|| Emblic myrobalan || Emblica officinalis Gaertn.
|-
| Bibhitakam|| Belliric myrobalan || Terminalia bellirica Roxb.
|-
| Dāḍimaṁ || Pomegranate || Punicagranatum Linn.
|-
| Vṛkṣāmlaṁ (mahādrakam)|| Kokum-butter || Garciniaindica Choisy
|-
| Amlikā (tintiḍī/imalī) || Tamarind || Tamarindusindica Linn.
|-
| Amlavetasa|| Amlavetasa || Hippophaerhamnoides sub sp. salicifolia
|-
| Mātuluṅga || Kesara of citron|| Citrusmedica Linn.
|-
| Karcūraḥ || Long Zedoary || Curcumazedoaria Rosc.
|-
| Nāgaraṅgaphala|| Common Orange || Citrusreticulata Blanco
|-
| Vatama (badama) || Almond|| Prunusamygdalus Batsch. Variety sativa (sweet)
|-
| Abhiṣuka (pistā) || Green Almond|| Pistaciavera Linn.
|-
| Akṣoṭa (akharoṭa)|| Walnut || Juglansregia Linn.
|-
| Mukulaka || Edible pine || Baliospermummontanum (Willd.) Muell-Arg
|-
| Nikocaka (cilagoja) || Chilgoza pine|| Pinusgerardiana Wallich.
|-
| Urumāṇa (jardālu, khuvānī) || Apricot|| Prunusarmeniaca Linn.
|-
| Priyala|| Buchanan’s mango || Buchananialanzan Spreng
|-
| Ṣleṣmātaka phalaṁ || Sabestan plum|| Cordiadichotoma Forst.f.
|-
| Aṅkoṭaphala || Alangy || Alangiumsalviifolium Linn. F. Wang.
|-
| Samiphalam|| || Prosopisspicigera Linn.
|-
| Karañja || Fruit of Indian Beech || Pongamiapinnata Pierre
|-
| Amrataka || Indian Hog plum || Spondias pinnata (Linn.f) Kurz
|-
| Dantaśaṭha(jamvīrīnivū) || Lemon || Citruslimon Linn. Burm.f.
|-
| Karamardaka || Bengal currant || Carissaspinarum Linn.
|-
| Airāvata (nāgaraṅgam)|| Common Orange|| Citrus sinensis (Linn.)osbeck
|-
| Vārtāka || Brinjal || Solanummelongena Linn.
|-
| Parpaṭakīphalam (pāpaḍā) || || Gardenialatifolia Ait
|-
| Ākṣikīphala || Akshiki fruit || Morindatinctoria Roxb.
|-
| Aśvattha phala|| Fruits of the Holy fig || Ficusreligiosa Linn.
|-
| Udumbara phala || Country Fig /Gular fig || Ficus glomerata Roxb.
|-
| Plakṣa phala|| Yellow Barked fig || Ficuslacor Buch- Ham
|-
| Nyagrodha phala|| anyan || Ficusbenghalensis Linn.
|-
| Bhallātaka|| Marking nut || Semecarpusanacardium Linn.f
|-
|colspan="3" style="text-align:left;" | Haritavargaḥ
|-
| Ārdraka /viśvabheṣaja || Green Ginger || Zingiberofficinale Rosc.
|-
| Jambīra || Jambira || Citruslimon (Linn.) Burm.F
|-
| Mūlaka || Garden Radish || Raphanussativus Linn.
|-
| Surasaḥ (tulasī)/pūtigandhahā || Holy basil || Ocimumsanctum Linn.
|-
| Yavānī || Bishop’s weed, carum seeds, or thymol seeds|| Trachyspermum ammi (Linn.) Sprague
|-
| Arjaka || Shrubby Basil || Orthosiphonpallidus Royle
|-
| Śigru || Drumstick || Moringaoleifera Lam
|-
| Śāleya (Mūlakapotikā)|| Small variety of Radish|| Raphanus sativus Linn.(small variety)
|-
| Mṛṣṭaka || Brown mustard || Brassica juncea (Linn.) Czern. & Coss
|-
| Gaṇḍīra || || Coleus barbatus Benth.
|-
| Jalapippalī || Hog fruit || Lippianodiflora Rich.
|-
| Tumbaruḥ || Indian tooth ache || Zanthoxylumarmatum DC.
|-
| Śṛṅgaverikā (ārdrikā- harī dhanīyā)|| Green coriander || Coriandrumsativum Linn.
|-
| Bhūstṛṇa || Ginger grass || Hyptissauveolens poll
|-
| Kharāhvā (ajamodā) || Celery seeds || Carumroxburghianum D.C. Craib
|-
| Dhānyaka (dhaniyā śuṣka) || Coriander || Coriandrumsativum Linn.
|-
| Ajagandhā (vana yavānī) || Wild thyme|| Thymus serpyllum Linn
|-
| Sumukha (tulasī bheda) || || Occimumsp
|-
| Gṛñjanaka (eka putī rasona) || Leek|| Allium ameloprasum Hook.f. non  Linn
|-
| Palāṇḍu|| Onion || Alliumcepa Linn.
|-
| Laśunaḥ|| Garlic|| Alliumsativum Linn.
|-
|colspan="3" style="text-align:left;" |  Āhārayogivarga
|-
| Tila|| Gingelly|| Sesamumindicum Linn.
|-
| Airaṇḍatailaṁ || Castor || Ricinuscommunis Linn.
|-
| Sārṣapaṁ tailaṁ || Rape-seed || Brassicacampestris Linn. Var. Sarson Prain
|-
| Priyālatailaṁ|| Buchanans mango || Buchananialanzan Spreng
|-
| Ātasī || Linseed || Linumusitatissimum Linn.
|-
| Kusumbhataila || Safflower|| Carthamustinctorius Linn.
|-
| Viśvabheṣaja || Ginger || Zingiberofficinale Rosc.
|-
| Ārdrapippalī/śuṣkapippalī || Long pepper || Piperlongum Linn.
|-
| Maricaḥ || Black pepper || Pipernigrum Linn.
|-
| Hiṅgu|| Asafoetida || Ferulanarthex Boiss.
|-
| Kāravī (kṛṣṇa jīraka) || Celery || Carumbulbocastanum W.Koch.
|-
| Kuñcikā|| Black cumin || Nigellasativa Linn.
|-
| Ajājī (jīraka) || Cumin seed|| Cuminumcyminum Linn.
|-
| Yavānī|| Bishop’s weed || Trachyspermum ammi (Linn.) Sprague
|-
| Dhānyaka || Coriander || Coriandrumsativum Linn.
|-
| Tumburu (nepālī dhaniyā)|| Indian tooth-ache|| Zanthoxylum armatum DC.
|-
|}
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