Talk:Dadima: Difference between revisions

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Punica granatum L.

{{#seo:

|title=Charak Samhita

|titlemode=append

|keywords= *Dadima, Punica granatum L., Pomegranate, Therapeutic use, herbs, researches on dravya, Charak Samhita, Dravyaguna, carakasamhitaonline, carakasamhita, caraka samhita, Ayurveda, Charak Samhita English translation, ancient Ayurveda text, Indian system of medicine, Ayurveda, Charak, Charaka Samhita, agnivesha, atreya, gopal basisht, yogesh deole, charak samhita wikipedia edition, charak samhita new edition, charaka samhita new edition, carak samhita new edition, caraka samhita new edition, research on charak samhita, text book charak samhita, fundamental principles of ayurveda, basic concepts of ayurveda,

|description= Dadima (Punica granatum L.) is widely used in Ayurveda for digestive, cardiovascular, and metabolic health. It acts as a carminative, heart-healthy tonic, and balances tridoshas depending on its variety.

|image=http://www.carakasamhitaonline.com/resources/assets/ogimgs.jpg

|image_alt=charak samhita

|type=article

}}

{{Infobox

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|data1 = Herb database/Dadima

|label2 = Botanical name(s)

|data2 = Punica granatum L.

|data2 = [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pomegranate Punica granatum L.]

|label3 = Family

|data3 = ~~Lytheraceae~~

|data3 = Lythraceae

|label4 = Availability

|data4 = Available

|label5 = Contributors

|data5 = --

|data5 = [[Team Dravyaguna]]

|label6 = Year of publication

|data6 = ~~2024~~

|data6 = 2026

|label7 = Publisher

|data7 = [[Charak Samhita Research, Training and Skill Development Centre]]

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|data8 = Awaited

}}

'''[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pomegranate Punica granatum L.]''', popularly known as '''Dadima''' (Pomegranate), is a large deciduous shrub or small tree belonging to the family Lythraceae. It is highly revered in [[Ayurveda]] for its versatile culinary and therapeutic properties, acting as a profound heart-healthy tonic (*hridya*) and digestive aid.

==English name ==

Pomegranate

==Therapeutic uses==

* '''Sweet fruit (swadu):''' Beneficial in burning sensations (*daha*), excessive thirst (*trishna*), fever (*jwara*), enhancing reproductive constituents (*shukrala*), light to digest (*laghu*), and reduces bad mouth odour (*mukhagandhaghna*).

* '''Sweet and sour fruit (swaduamla):''' Beneficial for stimulating digestion (*dipana*), improving taste (*ruchya*), and slightly elevates pitta dosha.

* '''Sour fruit (amla):''' Aggravates pitta dosha and alleviates vata and kapha dosha.

* Sweet fruit (swadu) is beneficial in burning sensations (daha), excessive thirst (trishna), fever (jwara), enhancing reproductive constituents (shukrala), light to digest (laghu), reduces bad mouth odour (mukhagandhaghna)

* Sweet and sour fruit (swaduamla) is beneficial for stimulating digestion (dipana), improving taste (ruchya), slightly elevates pitta dosha

* Sour fruit aggravates pitta dosha and alleviates vata and kapha dosha

==Identification characters==

It is a large deciduous shrub or small tree with shining, oblanceolate glabrous leaves, red-colored flowers with 5–7 petals, and a globose fruit.<ref name="ref1">Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 2001; Volume III: 45-46.</ref>

~~It is large deciduous shrub/small tree~~. ~~Having shiner, oblanceolate glabrous leaves. Red coloured flowers with 5-7 petals and globose fruit.~~

[[File:Punica_granatum.jpg|thumb|Dadima (Punica granatum)]]

== Botanical Profile & Traditional Context ==

In traditional Ayurvedic texts, Dadima is classified into three types based on taste: sweet (*swadu*), sweet-sour (*swaduamla*), and sour (*amla*). It plays a crucial role in dietary prescriptions (*Pathya*) and complex formulations due to its ability to pacify Vata, Pitta, and Kapha doshas depending on its specific variety.<ref name="ref2">Shri Bhavamishra, Bhavaprakash Nighantu, Haritakyadi Varga, Verse no. 35-38, Edited by Padmashree Pro. Krushnachandra Chunekar, Reprint Edition, Chaukhambha Bharati Academy, 2015.</ref>

== Synonyms in Charak Samhita==

Dadima, Karaka, Dantabija, Lohitapushpaka

Dadima~~, Karaka,~~ Dantabija, Lohitapushpaka.

==Additional Synonyms in Bhavaprakasha Nighantu==

* '''Dadima:''' Useful in many conditions.<ref name="ref2"/>

* '''Dantabija:''' Seeds resemble teeth.<ref name="ref2"/>

* '''Lohitapushpaka:''' Flowers are red in color.<ref name="ref2"/>

==~~Synonyms in Bhavaprakasha Nighantu==~~

==Types (Bheda)==

# Swadu (Sweet)<ref name="ref2"/>

~~Dadima, Karaka- useful in many conditions.~~

# Swaduamla (Sweet and sour)<ref name="ref2"/>

# Amla (Sour)<ref name="ref2"/>

~~Dantabija- seeds resembles teeth~~

~~Lohitapushpaka- flowers are red in color~~

==Bheda~~/ types~~==

# Swadu (~~sweet~~)

# Swaduamla (Sweet and sour)

# Amla (Sour)

== Ayurvedic pharmacological properties ==

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! Sr.no. !! Pharmacological criteria !! Properties

|-

| 1 || Taste ([[rasa]]) || Sweet (madhura), Astringent (kashaya), Sour (amla)

| 1 || Taste ([[rasa]]) || Sweet (madhura), Astringent (kashaya), Sour (amla)<ref name="ref2"/>

|-

| 2 || Potency ([[veerya]]) || Not too hot (anushna)

| 2 || Potency ([[veerya]]) || Not too hot (anushna)<ref name="ref2"/>

|-

| 3 || Post digestion effect ([[vipaka]]) || Sweet (madhura)

| 3 || Post digestion effect ([[vipaka]]) || Sweet (madhura)<ref name="ref2"/>

|-

| 4 || Qualities ([[guna]])|| Light (laghu), Unctuous (snigdha)

| 4 || Qualities ([[guna]])|| Light (laghu), Unctuous (snigdha)<ref name="ref2"/>

|-

| 5 || Actions ([[karma]]) || Reduces [[vata]], [[pitta]] and [[kapha]]<ref name="ref2"/>

|-

~~| 5 || Actions ([[karma]]) || Reduces [[vata]], [[pitta]] and [[kapha]]~~

|}

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! Sr.no. !! Reference in Charak Samhita !! Activity

|-

| 1 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 2/19 || Pachani-~~Grahiyavagu~~

| 1 || Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 2/19 || Pachani-Grahi yavagu

|-

| 2 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/9(10) || ~~Hridyamahakashay~~

| 2 || Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/9(10) || Hridya mahakashaya (group of heart-healthy herbs)

|-

| 3 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/9(28)|| ~~Chhardinigrahanamahakashay~~

| 3 || Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/9(28) || Chhardinigrahana mahakashaya (group of herbs for anti-emetic therapy)

|-

| 4 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/9(40)|| ~~Shramaharmahakashaya~~

| 4 || Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/9(40) || Shramahara mahakashaya (group of herbs for fatigue)

|-

| 5 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 13/84

| 5 || Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 13/84 || Alternative recipes for persons averse to lipids

| Alternative recipes for persons averse to lipids

|-

|6 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 23/38

| 6 || Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 23/38 || Madyavikatnut Mantha

| Madyavikatnut Mantha

|-

| 7 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 27/4

| 7 || Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 27/4 || Natural qualities

| Natural qualities.

|-

| 8 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 27/150

| 8 || Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 27/150 || Phala Varga (group of all fruits)

| Phala Varga

|-

|9

| 9 || Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 27/256 || Krutanna Varga (group of edibles)

|Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 27/256

|Krutanna Varga

|-

|10

| 10 || Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 26/84 || Viruddha ahara (incompatible food articles)

|Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 26/84

|Viruddha ~~ahar~~

|-

|11

| 11 || Cha.Sa.[[Vimana Sthana]] 8/136 || Virechana dravyani (group of laxatives)

|Cha.Sa.[[Vimana Sthana]] 8/136

|Virechana ~~Dravyani~~

|-

|12

| 12 || Cha.Sa.[[Vimana Sthana]] 8/140 || Amla Skandha (group of sour substances)

|Cha.Sa.[[Vimana Sthana]] 8/140

|Amla Skandha

|-

|13

| 13 || Cha.Sa.[[Kalpa Sthana]] 7/30 || Preparations of Trivrut Avaleha

|Cha.Sa.[[Kalpa Sthana]] 7/30

|Preparations of ~~Trivrit~~ Avaleha

|-

|14

| 14 || Cha.Sa.[[Kalpa Sthana]] 7/54 || Trivrritadi Modaka

|Cha.Sa.[[Kalpa Sthana]] 7/54

|Trivrritadi Modaka

|-

|15

| 15 || Cha.Sa.[[Kalpa Sthana]] 7/75 || Virechana Prayoga (used for therapeutic purgation)

|Cha.Sa.[[Kalpa Sthana]] 7/75

|Virechana Prayoga

|-

|16

| 16 || Cha.Sa.[[Kalpa Sthana]] 11/07 || Saptala Shankhini Yoga

|Cha.Sa.[[Kalpa Sthana]] 11/07

|Saptala Shankhini Yoga

|-

|17

| 17 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 2/4/12 || Ingredient in Vrushya mamsa gutika

|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 2/4/12

|Ingredient in Vrushya mamsa ~~Gutika~~

|-

|18

| 18 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 2/4/15 || Ingredient in Vrushya mahish rasa

|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 2/4/15

|Ingredient in Vrushya ~~Mahish Rasa~~

|-

|19

| 19 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 4/36 || As pathya ahara (group of wholesome food articles)

|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 4/36

|As pathya ahara.

|-

|20

| 20 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 3/180 || Given as peya for those desiring sour items

|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 3/180

|~~Who has desire to eat sour given~~ as peya.

|-

|21

| 21 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 4/35 || For Tarpana (instant nourishment)

|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 4/35

|For Tarpana

|-

|22

| 22 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 4/95 || As an ingredient of Satavaryadi ghrita

|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 4/95

|As an ingredient of Satavaryadi ghrita.

|-

|23

| 23 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 4/100 || Used in Nasagata raktapitta

|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 4/100

|Used in Nasagata raktapitta.

|-

|24

| 24 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 5/68 || To increase effect of Trayushanaadi ghrita

|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 5/68

|To increase effect of Trayushanaadi ~~ghrit~~

|-

|25

| 25 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 5/69 || Ingredient of Hingusauvarchaladya ghrita

|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 5/69

|Ingredient of Hingusauvarchaladya ~~ghrit~~

|-

|26

| 26 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 5/72 || Ingredient of Hapushadya ghrita

|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 5/72

|Ingredient of Hapushadya ~~ghrit~~

|-

|27

| 27 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 5/74 || Ingredient of Pippalyadya ghrita

|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 5/74

|Ingredient of Pippalyadya ~~ghrit~~

|-

|28

| 28 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 5/77 || As an anupana in Gulma (abdominal lump)

|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 5/77

|As an ~~Anupan~~ in Gulma

|-

|29

| 29 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 5/80 || Ingredient of Hingvadi churna

|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 5/80

|Ingredient of Hingvadi churna

|-

|30

| 30 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 5/85 || Used to reduce pain in Vataja gulma

|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 5/85

|Used ~~for~~ reduce pain in ~~Vataj Gulma~~

|-

|31

| 31 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 5/87 || Ingredient of Shatyadi churna

|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 5/87

|Ingredient of Shatyadi ~~Churna~~

|-

|32

| 32 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 5/133 || As a diet in Pittaja gulma

|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 5/133

|As a diet in ~~Pittaj Gulma~~

|-

|33

| 33 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 5/142 || Ingredient of Dashamuli ghrita

|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 5/142

|Ingredient of Dashamuli ~~Ghrit~~

|-

|34

| 34 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 5/166 || Pathya diet in gulma

|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 5/166

|Pathya ~~Diet~~ in ~~Gulma~~

|-

|35

| 35 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 9/36 || Ingredient in Kalyanak ghrita

|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 9/36

|Ingredient in Kalyanak ~~Ghrit~~

|-

|36

| 36 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 9/42 || Ingredient in Mahakalyanak ghrita

|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 9/42

|Ingredient in Mahakalyanak ~~Ghrit~~

|-

|37

| 37 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 9/54 || Ingredient in Apara lasunadya ghrita

|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 9/54

|Ingredient in Apara lasunadya ~~Ghrita~~

|-

|38

| 38 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 11/85 || Ingredient in Saindhavadi churna

|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 11/85

|Ingredient in Saindhavadi ~~Churna~~

|-

|39

| 39 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 11/88 || Ingredient in Shadav (preparations made of sweet, sour, and salty substances)

|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 11/88

|Ingredient in Shadav

|-

|40

| 40 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 12/55 || Ingredient in Chitrakadi ghrita

|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 12/55

|Ingredient in Chitrakadi ~~Ghrit~~

|-

|41

| 41 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 13/130 || Used as anupana in arsha roga with narayan churna

|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 13/130

|Used as ~~anupan~~ in arsha roga with narayan churna

|-

|42

| 42 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 13/135 || As an anupana of hapushadya churna

|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 13/135

|As an anupana of ~~hapushdya~~ churna

|-

|43

| 43 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/99 || Used for Anulomana (proper elimination of flatus and feces)

|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/99

|Used for Anulomana

|-

|44

| 44 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/106 || Removes vata and vibandha (constipation)

|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/106

|Removes vata and vibandha

|-

|45

| 45 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/125 || Dadima swarasa is mixed with shaka

|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/125

|Dadima swarasa is mixed with shaka

|-

|46

| 46 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/186 || Kwath is used for raktastambhana (cessation of bleeding)

|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/186

|Kwath is used for ~~raktastambhan~~

|-

|47

| 47 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/197 || Used in rakta arsha (bleeding piles)

|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/197

|Used in rakta arsha

|-

|48

| 48 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/200 || Sadhita laajapeya used in rakta arsha

|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/200

|Sadhita laajapeya used in rakta arsha

|-

|49

| 49 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/89 || As an ingredient of pancamuladhya ghrit evum churna

|

Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/89

|As an ingredient of pancamuladhya ghrit evum churna

|-

|50

| 50 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/97 || Bhavana dravya of citrakadhya gutika

|

Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/97

|~~Bhavnadravya~~ of citrakadhya gutika

|-

|51

| 51 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 16/44 || As an ingredient of Dadimadi ghrita

|Cha.Sa. ~~Chi~~ 16/44

|As an ingredient of Dadimadi ~~Ghrit~~

|-

|52

| 52 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 16/90 || As an anupana of Shilajatu vataka

|Cha. Sa. ~~Chi.~~ 16/90

|As an ~~Anupana~~ of Shilajatu ~~Vataka~~

|-

|53

| 53 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/63 || As an ingredient of saindhavadi yoga

|Cha.~~sa.chi~~.18/63

|As an ingredient of saindhavadi yoga.

|-

|54

| 54 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/126 || As an ingredient of kantakari ghrita

|Cha.~~sa.chi~~.18/126

|As an ingredient of kantakari ghrita.

|-

|55

| 55 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 19/28 || As an ingredient of dipaniya and sangrahi gana

|Cha.~~sa.chi~~.19/28

|As ~~a Ingridient~~ of dipaniya and sangrahi gana

|-

|56

| 56 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 19/33 || Used as a siddhi dravya

|Cha.~~sa.chi~~.19/33

|~~Use~~ as a siddhi dravya

|-

|57

| 57 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 19/40 || As a yoga dravya in treatment of purishakshaya

|

Cha.~~sa.chi~~.19/40

|

As a yoga dravya in treatment of purishakshaya.

|-

|58

| 58 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 19/44 || As an ingredient of chavyadi ghrita

|Cha.~~sa.chi~~.19/44

|As an ingredient of chavyadi ghrita.

|-

|59

| 59 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 19/54 || As a yoga dravya in treatment of pittaja atisara

|Cha.~~sa.chi~~.19/54

|As a yoga dravya in treatment of ~~pittaj~~ atisara.

|-

|60

| 60 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 19/74 || As a prakshepa dravya

|Cha.~~sa.chi~~.19/74

|As a ~~prakshep~~ dravya

|-

|61

| 61 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 20/24 || Ghritapana in Vataja chhardi

|Cha.Sa.~~Chi.~~20/24

|Ghritapana in Vataja chhardi.

|-

|62

| 62 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 20/35 || As a pathya ahara in kaphaja chhardi

|Cha.Sa.~~Chi.~~20/35

|As a pathya ahara in kaphaja chhardi.

|-

|63

| 63 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 21/109 || As a pathya ahara

|Cha.Sa.~~Chi.~~21/109

|As a pathya ahara.

|-

|64

| 64 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 21/111 || As a pathya ahara

|Cha.Sa.~~Chi.~~21/111

|As a pathya ahara.

|-

|65

| 65 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 21/112 || Dadima rasa siddha mamsarasa is used

|Cha.Sa.~~Chi.~~21/112

|Dadima rasa siddha mamsarasa is used.

|-

|66

| 66 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 21/126 || As an ingredient of mulakadi lepa

|Cha.Sa.~~Chi.~~21/126

|As an ingredient of mulakadi lepa.

|-

|67

| 67 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 22/36 || For lepa prayoga (local application)

|Cha.Sa.~~Chi.~~22/36

|For lepa prayoga.

|-

|68

| 68 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 22/49 || Used in treatment of kaphanubandha trushna (thirst)

|Cha.Sa.~~Chi.~~22/49

|Used in treatment of ~~Kaphanubandha~~ trushna.

|-

|69

| 69 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 23/226 || As a pathya ahara (palatable food)

|Cha.Sa.~~Chi.~~23/226

|As a pathya ahara.

|-

|70

| 70 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 24/121 || Used as swarasa mixed with lavana and sneha in Vataja madatyaya

|Cha.~~sa.chi~~.24/121

|Used as swarasa mixed with lavana & sneha in Vataja madatyaya.

|-

|71

| 71 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 24/127 || Used as swarasa in Vataja madatyaya (alcohol intoxication)

|Cha.~~sa.chi~~.24/127

|Used as swarasa in Vataja madatyaya.

|-

|72

| 72 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 24/128 || Used as anupana in Vataja madatyaya

|Cha.~~sa.chi~~.24/128

|Used as anupana in Vataja madatyaya.

|-

|73

| 73 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 24/136 || Used as swarasa in pittaja madatyaya

|Cha.~~sa.chi~~.24/136

|Used as swarasa in pittaja madatyaya.

|-

|74

| 74 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 24/139 || Used as yoosha in pittaja madatyaya

|Cha.~~sa.chi~~.24/139

|Used as yoosha in pittaja madatyaya.

|-

|75

| 75 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 24/151 || Used in mukha-lepa in pittaja madatyaya

|Cha.~~sa.chi~~.24/151

|Used in mukha-lepa in pittaja madatyaya.

|-

|76

| 76 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 24/180 || Used as raga in kaphaja madatyaya

|Cha.~~sa.chi~~.24/180

|Used as raga in kaphaja madatyaya.

|-

|77

| 77 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/217 || Used in Kavala in arochaka (tastelessness)

|Cha.~~sa.Chi~~.26/217

|Used in Kavala in ~~Arochaka.~~

|-

|78

| 78 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/219 || As an ingredient of Arochakanashaka vati

|Cha.~~sa.Chi~~.26/219

|As an ingredient of Arochakanashaka vati.

|-

|79

| 79 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 28/132 || As an ingredient of Triphaladi maha sneha

|Cha.Sa.~~Chi.~~28/132

|As an ingredient of Triphaladi maha sneha.

|-

|80

| 80 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 30/79 || As an ingredient of Dhatakyadi taila

|Cha.Sa.~~Chi.~~30/79

|As an ingredient of Dhatakyadi taila.

|-

|}

==Dose==

* 5 to 10 g of the drug in powder form or fresh juice as required.<ref name="ref1"/>

==Important Formulations==

* Dadimastaka Churna

* Dadima Ghrita

* Dadhika Ghrita

* Bhaskara Lavana

* Shukramatruka Vati

== Current availability==

Available

* '''In India –''' Found growing wild in the valley and outer hills of the Himalayas between 900–1800 m, and cultivated widely across many parts of the country.<ref name="ref1"/>

* '''Out of India –''' Central Asia, the Himalayas, the Mediterranean, the Middle East, California, Arizona, and South Asia.<ref name="ref1"/>

== Phytochemical Composition ==

Pomegranate plant parts (including fruit, seeds, peel, and leaves) contain a rich profile of bioactive secondary metabolites:

* '''Hydrolyzable Tannins:''' Punicalagin, punicalin, ellagic acid, and gallic acid.<ref name="ref3">{{cite journal |last1=Jurenka |first1=J. S. |year=2008 |title=Therapeutic applications of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.): a review |journal=Alternative Medicine Review |volume=13 |issue=2 |pages=128–144}}</ref>

* '''Flavonoids & Anthocyanins:''' Delphinidin, cyanidin, and pelargonidin glycosides responsible for its deep red coloration.<ref name="ref3"/>

* '''Other Constituents:''' Alkaloids, triterpenoids, saponins, and essential sterols.<ref name="ref3"/>

== Pharmacological Activities & Therapeutic Efficacy ==

=== Cardiovascular and Metabolic Protection ===

Dadima is universally praised for its cardiotonic (*hridya*) properties, matching its extensive use in modern clinical studies.

* '''Mechanism:''' High concentrations of punicalagins and ellagic acid act as potent antioxidants that inhibit low-density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation, improve endothelial function, and support healthy blood pressure levels.<ref name="ref4">{{cite journal |last1=Aviram |first1=M. |last2=Dornfeld |first2=L. |last3=Rosenblat |first3=M. |year=2000 |title=Pomegranate juice consumption reduces oxidative stress, atherogenic modifications to LDL, and platelet aggregation: studies in humans and in atherosclerotic mice |journal=The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition |volume=71 |issue=5 |pages=1062–1076}}</ref>

* '''Scientific Evidence:''' Clinical trials indicate that regular pomegranate supplementation significantly reduces systolic blood pressure, ameliorates hyperlipidemia, and provides protective benefits against metabolic syndrome and coronary heart disease.<ref name="ref4"/>

=== Gastrointestinal and Anti-Diarrheal Efficacy ===

Traditional references emphasize its wide application in *Atisara* (diarrhoea) and digestive dysfunctions.

* '''Mechanism:''' The astringent tannins precipitate proteins in the intestinal mucosa, reducing excessive fluid secretion and tightening intestinal walls.<ref name="ref5">{{cite journal |last1=Qnais |first1=E. S. |last2=Elhaj |first2=H. A. |last3=Abu-Dieyeh |first3=Z. H. |last4=Abdalla |first4=S. S. |year=2007 |title=Antidiarrheal activity of the aqueous extract of Punica granatum (pomegranate) peels |journal=Pharmaceutical Biology |volume=45 |issue=9 |pages=715–720}}</ref>

* '''Scientific Evidence:''' Literature notes over 100 traditional formulations utilizing Dadima for diarrheal conditions, supported by its antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties within the gut.<ref name="ref5"/>

~~Available~~

=== Anti-Inflammatory and Anticancer Actions ===

Modern phytochemical evaluations highlight the extensive healing properties of pomegranate extracts.

* '''Mechanism:''' Bioactive polyphenols downregulate pro-inflammatory transcription factors (such as NF-$\kappa$B) and suppress oxidative stress pathways.<ref name="ref6">{{cite journal |last1=Lansky |first1=E. P. |last2=Newman |first2=R. A. |year=2007 |title=Punica granatum (pomegranate) and its potential for prevention and treatment of inflammation and cancer |journal=Journal of Ethnopharmacology |volume=109 |issue=2 |pages=177–206}}</ref>

* '''Scientific Evidence:''' Research reports inhibitory effects of pomegranate extracts on various cancer cell proliferation lines, alongside strong multi-organ protective responses against oxidative damage.<ref name="ref6"/>

== ~~Current researches~~ ==

== Safety, Toxicity, and Dosage ==

* '''Acute Toxicity:''' Dadima is exceptionally safe for daily nutritional and therapeutic use.<ref name="ref3"/>

* '''Precautions:''' The only classical contraindication noted in Ayurvedic literature is its avoidance during specific treatments like Khandakadya Lauha administration in *raktapitta* conditions.

* '''Standard Therapeutic Dosage:'''

** ''Fruit Juice / Fresh Arils:'' As desired or 30–50 ml.<ref name="ref1"/>

** ''Powder (Churna):'' 5–10 g daily.<ref name="ref1"/>

== Summary of Therapeutic Profile ==

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align: left;"

|+ Therapeutic Applications of ''Punica granatum''

! Indication

! Active Biomolecules

! Primary Pharmacological Action

|-

| '''Cardiovascular Health / Hridroga'''

| Punicalagin, Ellagic acid

| Antioxidant, Anti-atherogenic, Vasoprotective

|-

| '''Diarrhoea / Atisara'''

| Tannins, Polyphenols

| Astringent, Antimicrobial, Intestinal binder

|-

| '''Metabolic Syndrome & Obesity'''

| Anthocyanins, Flavonoids

| Lipid-lowering, Anti-inflammatory

|}

== References ==

{{Reflist|refs=

<ref name="ref1">Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 2001; Volume III: 45-46.</ref>

<ref name="ref2">Shri Bhavamishra, Bhavaprakash Nighantu, Haritakyadi Varga, Verse no. 35-38, Edited by Padmashree Pro. Krushnachandra Chunekar, Reprint Edition, Chaukhambha Bharati Academy, 2015.</ref>

<ref name="ref3">{{cite journal |last1=Jurenka |first1=J. S. |year=2008 |title=Therapeutic applications of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.): a review |journal=Alternative Medicine Review |volume=13 |issue=2 |pages=128–144}}</ref>

<ref name="ref4">{{cite journal |last1=Aviram |first1=M. |last2=Dornfeld |first2=L. |last3=Rosenblat |first3=M. |year=2000 |title=Pomegranate juice consumption reduces oxidative stress, atherogenic modifications to LDL, and platelet aggregation: studies in humans and in atherosclerotic mice |journal=The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition |volume=71 |issue=5 |pages=1062–1076}}</ref>

<ref name="ref5">{{cite journal |last1=Qnais |first1=E. S. |last2=Elhaj |first2=H. A. |last3=Abu-Dieyeh |first3=Z. H. |last4=Abdalla |first4=S. S. |year=2007 |title=Antidiarrheal activity of the aqueous extract of Punica granatum (pomegranate) peels |journal=Pharmaceutical Biology |volume=45 |issue=9 |pages=715–720}}</ref>

<ref name="ref6">{{cite journal |last1=Lansky |first1=E. P. |last2=Newman |first2=R. A. |year=2007 |title=Punica granatum (pomegranate) and its potential for prevention and treatment of inflammation and cancer |journal=Journal of Ethnopharmacology |volume=109 |issue=2 |pages=177–206}}</ref>

}}

[[Category: Database of herbs and minerals | Herbs]]

[[Index.php?title=Category:Database of herbs and minerals| Herbs]]

~~This article is under development ..~~

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-Punica granatum L.
+{{#seo:
+|title=Charak Samhita
+|titlemode=append
+|keywords= *Dadima, Punica granatum L., Pomegranate, Therapeutic use, herbs, researches on dravya, Charak Samhita, Dravyaguna, carakasamhitaonline, carakasamhita, caraka samhita, Ayurveda, Charak Samhita English translation, ancient Ayurveda text, Indian system of medicine, Ayurveda, Charak, Charaka Samhita, agnivesha, atreya, gopal basisht, yogesh deole, charak samhita wikipedia edition, charak samhita new edition, charaka samhita new edition, carak samhita new edition, caraka samhita new edition, research on charak samhita, text book charak samhita, fundamental principles of ayurveda, basic concepts of ayurveda,
+|description= Dadima (Punica granatum L.) is widely used in Ayurveda for digestive, cardiovascular, and metabolic health. It acts as a carminative, heart-healthy tonic, and balances tridoshas depending on its variety.
+|image=http://www.carakasamhitaonline.com/resources/assets/ogimgs.jpg
+|image_alt=charak samhita
+|type=article
+}}
 {{Infobox
@@ Line 6: / Line 14: @@
 |data1 = Herb database/Dadima
 |label2 = Botanical name(s)
-|data2 = Punica granatum L.
+|data2 = [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pomegranate Punica granatum L.]
 |label3 = Family
-|data3 = Lytheraceae
+|data3 = Lythraceae
 |label4 = Availability
 |data4 = Available
 |label5 = Contributors
-|data5 = --
+|data5 = [[Team Dravyaguna]]
 |label6 = Year of publication
-|data6 =  2024
+|data6 =  2026
 |label7 = Publisher
 |data7 =  [[Charak Samhita Research, Training and Skill Development Centre]]
@@ Line 20: / Line 28: @@
 |data8  = Awaited
 }}
+'''[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pomegranate Punica granatum L.]''', popularly known as '''Dadima''' (Pomegranate), is a large deciduous shrub or small tree belonging to the family Lythraceae. It is highly revered in [[Ayurveda]] for its versatile culinary and therapeutic properties, acting as a profound heart-healthy tonic (*hridya*) and digestive aid.
 ==English name ==
 Pomegranate
 ==Therapeutic uses==
+* '''Sweet fruit (swadu):''' Beneficial in burning sensations (*daha*), excessive thirst (*trishna*), fever (*jwara*), enhancing reproductive constituents (*shukrala*), light to digest (*laghu*), and reduces bad mouth odour (*mukhagandhaghna*).
+* '''Sweet and sour fruit (swaduamla):''' Beneficial for stimulating digestion (*dipana*), improving taste (*ruchya*), and slightly elevates pitta dosha.
+* '''Sour fruit (amla):''' Aggravates pitta dosha and alleviates vata and kapha dosha.
-* Sweet fruit (swadu) is beneficial in burning sensations (daha), excessive thirst (trishna), fever (jwara), enhancing reproductive constituents (shukrala), light to digest (laghu), reduces bad mouth odour (mukhagandhaghna)
-* Sweet and sour fruit (swaduamla) is beneficial for stimulating digestion (dipana), improving taste (ruchya), slightly elevates pitta dosha
-* Sour fruit aggravates pitta dosha and alleviates vata and kapha dosha
 ==Identification characters==
+It is a large deciduous shrub or small tree with shining, oblanceolate glabrous leaves, red-colored flowers with 5–7 petals, and a globose fruit.<ref name="ref1">Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 2001; Volume III: 45-46.</ref>
-It is large deciduous shrub/small tree. Having shiner, oblanceolate glabrous leaves. Red coloured flowers with 5-7 petals and globose fruit.
+[[File:Punica_granatum.jpg|thumb|Dadima (Punica granatum)]]
+== Botanical Profile & Traditional Context ==
+In traditional Ayurvedic texts, Dadima is classified into three types based on taste: sweet (*swadu*), sweet-sour (*swaduamla*), and sour (*amla*). It plays a crucial role in dietary prescriptions (*Pathya*) and complex formulations due to its ability to pacify Vata, Pitta, and Kapha doshas depending on its specific variety.<ref name="ref2">Shri Bhavamishra, Bhavaprakash Nighantu, Haritakyadi Varga, Verse no. 35-38, Edited by Padmashree Pro. Krushnachandra Chunekar, Reprint Edition, Chaukhambha Bharati Academy, 2015.</ref>
 == Synonyms in Charak Samhita==
+Dadima, Karaka, Dantabija, Lohitapushpaka
-Dadima, Karaka, Dantabija, Lohitapushpaka.
+==Additional Synonyms in Bhavaprakasha Nighantu==
+* '''Dadima:''' Useful in many conditions.<ref name="ref2"/>
+* '''Dantabija:''' Seeds resemble teeth.<ref name="ref2"/>
+* '''Lohitapushpaka:''' Flowers are red in color.<ref name="ref2"/>
-==Synonyms in Bhavaprakasha Nighantu==
+==Types (Bheda)==
+# Swadu (Sweet)<ref name="ref2"/>
-Dadima, Karaka- useful in many conditions.
+# Swaduamla (Sweet and sour)<ref name="ref2"/>
+# Amla (Sour)<ref name="ref2"/>
-Dantabija- seeds resembles teeth
-Lohitapushpaka- flowers are red in color
-==Bheda/ types==
-# 	Swadu (sweet)
-# 	Swaduamla (Sweet and sour)
-# 	Amla (Sour)
 == Ayurvedic pharmacological properties ==
@@ Line 62: / Line 67: @@
 ! Sr.no. !! Pharmacological criteria !! Properties
 |-
-| 1 || Taste ([[rasa]])  || Sweet (madhura), Astringent (kashaya), Sour (amla)
+| 1 || Taste ([[rasa]])  || Sweet (madhura), Astringent (kashaya), Sour (amla)<ref name="ref2"/>
 |-
-| 2 || Potency ([[veerya]]) || Not too hot (anushna)
+| 2 || Potency ([[veerya]]) || Not too hot (anushna)<ref name="ref2"/>
 |-
-| 3 || Post digestion effect ([[vipaka]]) || Sweet (madhura)
+| 3 || Post digestion effect ([[vipaka]]) || Sweet (madhura)<ref name="ref2"/>
 |-
-| 4 || Qualities ([[guna]])|| Light (laghu), Unctuous (snigdha)
+| 4 || Qualities ([[guna]])|| Light (laghu), Unctuous (snigdha)<ref name="ref2"/>
+|-
+| 5 || Actions ([[karma]]) || Reduces [[vata]], [[pitta]] and [[kapha]]<ref name="ref2"/>
 |-
-| 5 || Actions ([[karma]]) || Reduces [[vata]], [[pitta]] and [[kapha]]
 |}
@@ Line 80: / Line 86: @@
 ! Sr.no. !! Reference in Charak Samhita !! Activity
 |-
-| 1 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 2/19 || Pachani-Grahiyavagu
+| 1 || Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 2/19 || Pachani-Grahi yavagu
 |-
-| 2 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/9(10) || Hridyamahakashay
+| 2 || Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/9(10) || Hridya mahakashaya (group of heart-healthy herbs)
 |-
-| 3 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/9(28)|| Chhardinigrahanamahakashay
+| 3 || Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/9(28) || Chhardinigrahana mahakashaya (group of herbs for anti-emetic therapy)
 |-
-| 4 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/9(40)|| Shramaharmahakashaya
+| 4 || Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/9(40) || Shramahara mahakashaya (group of herbs for fatigue)
 |-
-| 5 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 13/84
+| 5 || Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 13/84 || Alternative recipes for persons averse to lipids
-| Alternative  recipes for persons averse to lipids
 |-
-|6 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 23/38
+| 6 || Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 23/38 || Madyavikatnut Mantha
-| Madyavikatnut  Mantha
 |-
-| 7 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 27/4
+| 7 || Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 27/4 || Natural qualities
-| Natural  qualities.
 |-
-| 8 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 27/150
+| 8 || Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 27/150 || Phala Varga (group of all fruits)
-| Phala Varga
 |-
-|9
+| 9 || Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 27/256 || Krutanna Varga (group of edibles)
-|Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 27/256
-|Krutanna Varga
 |-
-|10
+| 10 || Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 26/84 || Viruddha ahara (incompatible food articles)
-|Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 26/84
-|Viruddha ahar
 |-
-|11
+| 11 || Cha.Sa.[[Vimana Sthana]] 8/136 || Virechana dravyani (group of laxatives)
-|Cha.Sa.[[Vimana Sthana]] 8/136
-|Virechana  Dravyani
 |-
-|12
+| 12 || Cha.Sa.[[Vimana Sthana]] 8/140 || Amla Skandha (group of sour substances)
-|Cha.Sa.[[Vimana Sthana]] 8/140
-|Amla Skandha
 |-
-|13
+| 13 || Cha.Sa.[[Kalpa Sthana]] 7/30 || Preparations of Trivrut Avaleha
-|Cha.Sa.[[Kalpa Sthana]] 7/30
-|Preparations of Trivrit Avaleha
 |-
-|14
+| 14 || Cha.Sa.[[Kalpa Sthana]] 7/54 || Trivrritadi Modaka
-|Cha.Sa.[[Kalpa Sthana]] 7/54
-|Trivrritadi Modaka
 |-
-|15
+| 15 || Cha.Sa.[[Kalpa Sthana]] 7/75 || Virechana Prayoga (used for therapeutic purgation)
-|Cha.Sa.[[Kalpa Sthana]] 7/75
-|Virechana Prayoga
 |-
-|16
+| 16 || Cha.Sa.[[Kalpa Sthana]] 11/07 || Saptala Shankhini Yoga
-|Cha.Sa.[[Kalpa Sthana]] 11/07
-|Saptala Shankhini Yoga
 |-
-|17
+| 17 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 2/4/12 || Ingredient in Vrushya mamsa gutika
-|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]]  2/4/12
-|Ingredient in Vrushya  mamsa Gutika
 |-
-|18
+| 18 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 2/4/15 || Ingredient in Vrushya mahish rasa
-|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]]  2/4/15
-|Ingredient in Vrushya  Mahish Rasa
 |-
-|19
+| 19 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 4/36 || As pathya ahara (group of wholesome food articles)
-|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 4/36
-|As pathya ahara.
 |-
-|20
+| 20 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 3/180 || Given as peya for those desiring sour items
-|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 3/180
-|Who has desire to eat sour given as peya.
 |-
-|21
+| 21 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 4/35 || For Tarpana (instant nourishment)
-|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 4/35
-|For Tarpana
 |-
-|22
+| 22 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 4/95 || As an ingredient of Satavaryadi ghrita
-|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 4/95
-|As an ingredient of Satavaryadi ghrita.
 |-
-|23
+| 23 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 4/100 || Used in Nasagata raktapitta
-|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 4/100
-|Used in Nasagata raktapitta.
 |-
-|24
+| 24 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 5/68 || To increase effect of Trayushanaadi ghrita
-|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]]  5/68
-|To increase effect of Trayushanaadi  ghrit
 |-
-|25
+| 25 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 5/69 || Ingredient of Hingusauvarchaladya ghrita
-|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 5/69
-|Ingredient of Hingusauvarchaladya  ghrit
 |-
-|26
+| 26 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 5/72 || Ingredient of Hapushadya ghrita
-|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 5/72
-|Ingredient of Hapushadya  ghrit
 |-
-|27
+| 27 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 5/74 || Ingredient of Pippalyadya ghrita
-|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 5/74
-|Ingredient of Pippalyadya  ghrit
 |-
-|28
+| 28 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 5/77 || As an anupana in Gulma (abdominal lump)
-|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 5/77
-|As an Anupan in Gulma
 |-
-|29
+| 29 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 5/80 || Ingredient of Hingvadi churna
-|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 5/80
-|Ingredient of Hingvadi  churna
 |-
-|30
+| 30 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 5/85 || Used to reduce pain in Vataja gulma
-|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 5/85
-|Used for reduce pain in Vataj  Gulma
 |-
-|31
+| 31 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 5/87 || Ingredient of Shatyadi churna
-|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 5/87
-|Ingredient of Shatyadi  Churna
 |-
-|32
+| 32 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 5/133 || As a diet in Pittaja gulma
-|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 5/133
-|As a diet in Pittaj Gulma
 |-
-|33
+| 33 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 5/142 || Ingredient of Dashamuli ghrita
-|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 5/142
-|Ingredient of Dashamuli  Ghrit
 |-
-|34
+| 34 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 5/166 || Pathya diet in gulma
-|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 5/166
-|Pathya Diet in Gulma
 |-
-|35
+| 35 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 9/36 || Ingredient in Kalyanak ghrita
-|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 9/36
-|Ingredient in Kalyanak  Ghrit
 |-
-|36
+| 36 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 9/42 || Ingredient in Mahakalyanak ghrita
-|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 9/42
-|Ingredient in Mahakalyanak  Ghrit
 |-
-|37
+| 37 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 9/54 || Ingredient in Apara lasunadya ghrita
-|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 9/54
-|Ingredient in Apara  lasunadya Ghrita
 |-
-|38
+| 38 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 11/85 || Ingredient in Saindhavadi churna
-|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 11/85
-|Ingredient in Saindhavadi  Churna
 |-
-|39
+| 39 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 11/88 || Ingredient in Shadav (preparations made of sweet, sour, and salty substances)
-|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 11/88
-|Ingredient in Shadav
 |-
-|40
+| 40 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 12/55 || Ingredient in Chitrakadi ghrita
-|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 12/55
-|Ingredient in Chitrakadi  Ghrit
 |-
-|41
+| 41 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 13/130 || Used as anupana in arsha roga with narayan churna
-|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 13/130
-|Used as  anupan in arsha roga with narayan churna
 |-
-|42
+| 42 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 13/135 || As an anupana of hapushadya churna
-|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 13/135
-|As an anupana of hapushdya churna
 |-
-|43
+| 43 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/99 || Used for Anulomana (proper elimination of flatus and feces)
-|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/99
-|Used for  Anulomana
 |-
-|44
+| 44 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/106 || Removes vata and vibandha (constipation)
-|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/106
-|Removes vata  and vibandha
 |-
-|45
+| 45 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/125 || Dadima swarasa is mixed with shaka
-|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/125
-|Dadima  swarasa is mixed with shaka
 |-
-|46
+| 46 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/186 || Kwath is used for raktastambhana (cessation of bleeding)
-|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/186
-|Kwath is used  for raktastambhan
 |-
-|47
+| 47 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/197 || Used in rakta arsha (bleeding piles)
-|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/197
-|Used in rakta  arsha
 |-
-|48
+| 48 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/200 || Sadhita laajapeya used in rakta arsha
-|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/200
-|Sadhita  laajapeya used in rakta arsha
 |-
-|49
+| 49 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/89 || As an ingredient of pancamuladhya ghrit evum churna
-|
-Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/89
-|As an  ingredient of pancamuladhya ghrit evum churna
 |-
-|50
+| 50 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/97 || Bhavana dravya of citrakadhya gutika
-|
-Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/97
-|Bhavnadravya  of citrakadhya gutika
 |-
-|51
+| 51 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 16/44 || As an ingredient of Dadimadi ghrita
-|Cha.Sa.  Chi  16/44
-|As an ingredient of Dadimadi Ghrit
 |-
-|52
+| 52 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 16/90 || As an anupana of Shilajatu vataka
-|Cha. Sa. Chi. 16/90
-|As an Anupana of Shilajatu Vataka
 |-
-|53
+| 53 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/63 || As an ingredient of saindhavadi yoga
-|Cha.sa.chi.18/63
-|As an ingredient  of saindhavadi yoga.
 |-
-|54
+| 54 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/126 || As an ingredient of kantakari ghrita
-|Cha.sa.chi.18/126
-|As an ingredient  of kantakari ghrita.
 |-
-|55
+| 55 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 19/28 || As an ingredient of dipaniya and sangrahi gana
-|Cha.sa.chi.19/28
-|As a Ingridient of dipaniya and sangrahi gana
 |-
-|56
+| 56 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 19/33 || Used as a siddhi dravya
-|Cha.sa.chi.19/33
-|Use as a siddhi dravya
 |-
-|57
+| 57 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 19/40 || As a yoga dravya in treatment of purishakshaya
-|
-Cha.sa.chi.19/40
-|
-As a yoga dravya in treatment of purishakshaya.
 |-
-|58
+| 58 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 19/44 || As an ingredient of chavyadi ghrita
-|Cha.sa.chi.19/44
-|As an ingredient of chavyadi ghrita.
 |-
-|59
+| 59 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 19/54 || As a yoga dravya in treatment of pittaja atisara
-|Cha.sa.chi.19/54
-|As a yoga dravya in treatment of pittaj atisara.
 |-
-|60
+| 60 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 19/74 || As a prakshepa dravya
-|Cha.sa.chi.19/74
-|As a prakshep dravya
 |-
-|61
+| 61 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 20/24 || Ghritapana in Vataja chhardi
-|Cha.Sa.Chi.20/24
-|Ghritapana in  Vataja chhardi.
 |-
-|62
+| 62 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 20/35 || As a pathya ahara in kaphaja chhardi
-|Cha.Sa.Chi.20/35
-|As a pathya  ahara in kaphaja chhardi.
 |-
-|63
+| 63 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 21/109 || As a pathya ahara
-|Cha.Sa.Chi.21/109
-|As a pathya  ahara.
 |-
-|64
+| 64 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 21/111 || As a pathya ahara
-|Cha.Sa.Chi.21/111
-|As a pathya  ahara.
 |-
-|65
+| 65 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 21/112 || Dadima rasa siddha mamsarasa is used
-|Cha.Sa.Chi.21/112
-|Dadima rasa siddha  mamsarasa is used.
 |-
-|66
+| 66 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 21/126 || As an ingredient of mulakadi lepa
-|Cha.Sa.Chi.21/126
-|As an ingredient  of mulakadi lepa.
 |-
-|67
+| 67 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 22/36 || For lepa prayoga (local application)
-|Cha.Sa.Chi.22/36
-|For lepa prayoga.
 |-
-|68
+| 68 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 22/49 || Used in treatment of kaphanubandha trushna (thirst)
-|Cha.Sa.Chi.22/49
-|Used in treatment of Kaphanubandha trushna.
 |-
-|69
+| 69 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 23/226 || As a pathya ahara (palatable food)
-|Cha.Sa.Chi.23/226
-|As a pathya ahara.
 |-
-|70
+| 70 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 24/121 || Used as swarasa mixed with lavana and sneha in Vataja madatyaya
-|Cha.sa.chi.24/121
-|Used as swarasa mixed with  lavana & sneha in Vataja madatyaya.
 |-
-|71
+| 71 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 24/127 || Used as swarasa in Vataja madatyaya (alcohol intoxication)
-|Cha.sa.chi.24/127
-|Used as swarasa in Vataja  madatyaya.
 |-
-|72
+| 72 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 24/128 || Used as anupana in Vataja madatyaya
-|Cha.sa.chi.24/128
-|Used as anupana in Vataja  madatyaya.
 |-
-|73
+| 73 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 24/136 || Used as swarasa in pittaja madatyaya
-|Cha.sa.chi.24/136
-|Used as swarasa in pittaja  madatyaya.
 |-
-|74
+| 74 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 24/139 || Used as yoosha in pittaja madatyaya
-|Cha.sa.chi.24/139
-|Used as yoosha in pittaja  madatyaya.
 |-
-|75
+| 75 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 24/151 || Used in mukha-lepa in pittaja madatyaya
-|Cha.sa.chi.24/151
-|Used in mukha-lepa in  pittaja madatyaya.
 |-
-|76
+| 76 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 24/180 || Used as raga in kaphaja madatyaya
-|Cha.sa.chi.24/180
-|Used as raga in kaphaja  madatyaya.
 |-
-|77
+| 77 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/217 || Used in Kavala in arochaka (tastelessness)
-|Cha.sa.Chi.26/217
-|Used in Kavala in  Arochaka.
 |-
-|78
+| 78 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/219 || As an ingredient of Arochakanashaka vati
-|Cha.sa.Chi.26/219
-|As an ingredient of Arochakanashaka vati.
 |-
-|79
+| 79 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 28/132 || As an ingredient of Triphaladi maha sneha
-|Cha.Sa.Chi.28/132
-|As an ingredient of Triphaladi maha sneha.
 |-
-|80
+| 80 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 30/79 || As an ingredient of Dhatakyadi taila
-|Cha.Sa.Chi.30/79
-|As an ingredient of Dhatakyadi taila.
 |-
 |}
+==Dose==
+* 5 to 10 g of the drug in powder form or fresh juice as required.<ref name="ref1"/>
+==Important Formulations==
+* Dadimastaka Churna
+* Dadima Ghrita
+* Dadhika Ghrita
+* Bhaskara Lavana
+* Shukramatruka Vati
 == Current availability==
+Available
+* '''In India –''' Found growing wild in the valley and outer hills of the Himalayas between 900–1800 m, and cultivated widely across many parts of the country.<ref name="ref1"/>
+* '''Out of India –''' Central Asia, the Himalayas, the Mediterranean, the Middle East, California, Arizona, and South Asia.<ref name="ref1"/>
+== Phytochemical Composition ==
+Pomegranate plant parts (including fruit, seeds, peel, and leaves) contain a rich profile of bioactive secondary metabolites:
+* '''Hydrolyzable Tannins:''' Punicalagin, punicalin, ellagic acid, and gallic acid.<ref name="ref3">{{cite journal |last1=Jurenka |first1=J. S. |year=2008 |title=Therapeutic applications of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.): a review |journal=Alternative Medicine Review |volume=13 |issue=2 |pages=128–144}}</ref>
+* '''Flavonoids & Anthocyanins:''' Delphinidin, cyanidin, and pelargonidin glycosides responsible for its deep red coloration.<ref name="ref3"/>
+* '''Other Constituents:''' Alkaloids, triterpenoids, saponins, and essential sterols.<ref name="ref3"/>
+== Pharmacological Activities & Therapeutic Efficacy ==
+=== Cardiovascular and Metabolic Protection ===
+Dadima is universally praised for its cardiotonic (*hridya*) properties, matching its extensive use in modern clinical studies.
+* '''Mechanism:''' High concentrations of punicalagins and ellagic acid act as potent antioxidants that inhibit low-density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation, improve endothelial function, and support healthy blood pressure levels.<ref name="ref4">{{cite journal |last1=Aviram |first1=M. |last2=Dornfeld |first2=L. |last3=Rosenblat |first3=M. |year=2000 |title=Pomegranate juice consumption reduces oxidative stress, atherogenic modifications to LDL, and platelet aggregation: studies in humans and in atherosclerotic mice |journal=The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition |volume=71 |issue=5 |pages=1062–1076}}</ref>
+* '''Scientific Evidence:''' Clinical trials indicate that regular pomegranate supplementation significantly reduces systolic blood pressure, ameliorates hyperlipidemia, and provides protective benefits against metabolic syndrome and coronary heart disease.<ref name="ref4"/>
+=== Gastrointestinal and Anti-Diarrheal Efficacy ===
+Traditional references emphasize its wide application in *Atisara* (diarrhoea) and digestive dysfunctions.
+* '''Mechanism:''' The astringent tannins precipitate proteins in the intestinal mucosa, reducing excessive fluid secretion and tightening intestinal walls.<ref name="ref5">{{cite journal |last1=Qnais |first1=E. S. |last2=Elhaj |first2=H. A. |last3=Abu-Dieyeh |first3=Z. H. |last4=Abdalla |first4=S. S. |year=2007 |title=Antidiarrheal activity of the aqueous extract of Punica granatum (pomegranate) peels |journal=Pharmaceutical Biology |volume=45 |issue=9 |pages=715–720}}</ref>
+* '''Scientific Evidence:''' Literature notes over 100 traditional formulations utilizing Dadima for diarrheal conditions, supported by its antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties within the gut.<ref name="ref5"/>
-Available
+=== Anti-Inflammatory and Anticancer Actions ===
+Modern phytochemical evaluations highlight the extensive healing properties of pomegranate extracts.
+* '''Mechanism:''' Bioactive polyphenols downregulate pro-inflammatory transcription factors (such as NF-$\kappa$B) and suppress oxidative stress pathways.<ref name="ref6">{{cite journal |last1=Lansky |first1=E. P. |last2=Newman |first2=R. A. |year=2007 |title=Punica granatum (pomegranate) and its potential for prevention and treatment of inflammation and cancer |journal=Journal of Ethnopharmacology |volume=109 |issue=2 |pages=177–206}}</ref>
+* '''Scientific Evidence:''' Research reports inhibitory effects of pomegranate extracts on various cancer cell proliferation lines, alongside strong multi-organ protective responses against oxidative damage.<ref name="ref6"/>
-== Current researches ==
+== Safety, Toxicity, and Dosage ==
+* '''Acute Toxicity:''' Dadima is exceptionally safe for daily nutritional and therapeutic use.<ref name="ref3"/>
+* '''Precautions:''' The only classical contraindication noted in Ayurvedic literature is its avoidance during specific treatments like Khandakadya Lauha administration in *raktapitta* conditions.
+* '''Standard Therapeutic Dosage:'''
+** ''Fruit Juice / Fresh Arils:'' As desired or 30–50 ml.<ref name="ref1"/>
+** ''Powder (Churna):'' 5–10 g daily.<ref name="ref1"/>
+== Summary of Therapeutic Profile ==
+{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align: left;"
+|+ Therapeutic Applications of ''Punica granatum''
+! Indication
+! Active Biomolecules
+! Primary Pharmacological Action
+|-
+| '''Cardiovascular Health / Hridroga'''
+| Punicalagin, Ellagic acid
+| Antioxidant, Anti-atherogenic, Vasoprotective
+|-
+| '''Diarrhoea / Atisara'''
+| Tannins, Polyphenols
+| Astringent, Antimicrobial, Intestinal binder
+|-
+| '''Metabolic Syndrome & Obesity'''
+| Anthocyanins, Flavonoids
+| Lipid-lowering, Anti-inflammatory
+|}
+== References ==
+{{Reflist|refs=
+<ref name="ref1">Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 2001; Volume III: 45-46.</ref>
+<ref name="ref2">Shri Bhavamishra, Bhavaprakash Nighantu, Haritakyadi Varga, Verse no. 35-38, Edited by Padmashree Pro. Krushnachandra Chunekar, Reprint Edition, Chaukhambha Bharati Academy, 2015.</ref>
+<ref name="ref3">{{cite journal |last1=Jurenka |first1=J. S. |year=2008 |title=Therapeutic applications of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.): a review |journal=Alternative Medicine Review |volume=13 |issue=2 |pages=128–144}}</ref>
+<ref name="ref4">{{cite journal |last1=Aviram |first1=M. |last2=Dornfeld |first2=L. |last3=Rosenblat |first3=M. |year=2000 |title=Pomegranate juice consumption reduces oxidative stress, atherogenic modifications to LDL, and platelet aggregation: studies in humans and in atherosclerotic mice |journal=The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition |volume=71 |issue=5 |pages=1062–1076}}</ref>
+<ref name="ref5">{{cite journal |last1=Qnais |first1=E. S. |last2=Elhaj |first2=H. A. |last3=Abu-Dieyeh |first3=Z. H. |last4=Abdalla |first4=S. S. |year=2007 |title=Antidiarrheal activity of the aqueous extract of Punica granatum (pomegranate) peels |journal=Pharmaceutical Biology |volume=45 |issue=9 |pages=715–720}}</ref>
+<ref name="ref6">{{cite journal |last1=Lansky |first1=E. P. |last2=Newman |first2=R. A. |year=2007 |title=Punica granatum (pomegranate) and its potential for prevention and treatment of inflammation and cancer |journal=Journal of Ethnopharmacology |volume=109 |issue=2 |pages=177–206}}</ref>
+}}
-[[Category: Database of herbs and minerals | Herbs]]
+[[Index.php?title=Category:Database of herbs and minerals| Herbs]]
-  This article is under development ..