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|label2 = Authors
|label2 = Authors
|data2 = Bhojani M. K.<sup>1</sup> <br/>Sharma Raksha<sup>1</sup> <br/>Deole Y.S.<sup>2</sup>
|data2 = Bhojani M. K.<sup>1</sup> <br/>Sharma Raksha<sup>1</sup> <br/>[[Yogesh Deole|Deole Y.S.]]<sup>2</sup>
|label3 = Reviewer & Editor
|label3 = Reviewer & Editor
|data3 = Basisht G.<sup>3</sup>,
|data3 = [[Gopal Basisht|Basisht G.]]<sup>3</sup>,
|label4 = Affiliations
|label4 = Affiliations
== Causes of abnormalities in pranavaha srotas (dushti nidana) ==
== Causes of abnormalities in pranavaha srotas (dushti nidana) ==
<p style="text-align:justify;">Wasting or degeneration of tissues (kshaya), suppression of natural urges (sandharana), excess exertion(vyayama), excess hunger (kshudhita), excessive dryness (ruksha), exposure to cold (sheeta) in lifestyle and dietary pattern with harmful regimens lead to abnormalities to pranavaha [[srotas]].<ref name="ref6">Prof. Dinkar Govind , Thatte , Sushrut samhita Sharirsthanam , section on the study of Human body. 1st edition , chaukhambha orientalia,Varanasi,1994,Page 173.</ref> Suppression of thirst (pipasa dharana) also leads to vitiation of pranavaha [[srotas]]. </p>
<p style="text-align:justify;">Wasting or degeneration of tissues (kshaya), suppression of natural urges (sandharana), excess exertion(vyayama), excess hunger (kshudhita), excessive dryness (ruksha), exposure to cold (sheeta) in lifestyle and dietary pattern with harmful regimens lead to abnormalities to pranavaha [[srotas]].<ref name="ref6">Thatte Dinkar Govind, Sushrut Samhita Sharira Sthana, Section on the study of Human body. 1st edition, Chaukhambha Orientalia. Varanasi,1994,P.173.</ref> Suppression of thirst (pipasa dharana) also leads to vitiation of pranavaha [[srotas]]. </p>
== Clinical features of pranavaha [[srotas]] vitiation ==
== Clinical features of pranavaha [[srotas]] vitiation ==
=== Scale used for respiratory assessment ===
=== Scale used for respiratory assessment ===
The respiratory Distress Observation Scale (RDOS) is the only known tool for assessing respiratory distress, when the patient is unable to give a dyspnea self-report.
The [https://www.interiorhealth.ca/sites/default/files/PDFS/826583-respiratory-distress-observation-scale.pdf Respiratory Distress Observation Scale] (
[[File:826583-respiratory-distress-observation-scale.pdf|thumb|Pranavaha Srotas assessment]]
) is a tool for assessing respiratory distress, when the patient is unable to give a dyspnea self-report.
* Radiological assessments through X-rays, and CT scan is done to check the pathological lesions in chest.
* Radiological assessments through X-rays, and CT scan is done to check the pathological lesions in chest.
* Sputum examination is done to diagnose the presence of infectious micro-organisms like acid-fast bacilli to confirm the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis.
* Sputum examination is done to diagnose the presence of infectious micro-organisms like acid-fast bacilli to confirm the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis.
== Management ==
== Management ==
<p style="text-align:justify;">The disorders of pranavaha srotasa are managed on the principles of management of shwasa disease. [Cha.Sa. Vimana Sthana 5/26] The treatment mainly included the pacification of kapha and vata dosha, use of hot therapies, and the therapies to regulate the functions of vata. [Cha.Sa.Chikitsa Sthana 17/147] <br/> COnsidering the root and pathways of pranavaha srotas, the management principles of three diseases can be adopted in management of pranavaha srotas as per the state of the patient.
<p style="text-align:justify;">The disorders of pranavaha srotasa are managed on the principles of management of shwasa disease. [Cha.Sa. [[Vimana Sthana]] 5/26] The treatment mainly included the pacification of [[kapha]] and [[vata dosha]], use of hot therapies, and the therapies to regulate the functions of vata. [Cha.Sa. [[Chikitsa Sthana]] 17/147] <br/> Considering the root and pathways of pranavaha [[srotas]], the management principles of three diseases can be adopted in management of pranavaha [[srotas]] as per the state of the patient.
* Cardiovascular diseases (hridroga)
* Cardiovascular diseases (hridroga)
* [[Kshatakshina Chikitsa|Kshataksheena chikitsa]]
* [[Kshatakshina Chikitsa|Kshataksheena chikitsa]]
The following therapies are general guidelines for the management of pranavaha srotas:
The following therapies are general guidelines for the management of pranavaha [[srotas]]:
</p>
</p>
# Therapeutic massage (abhyanga) with medicated oil mixed with rock salt (saindhava), specifically on the chest
# [[Abhyanga|Therapeutic massage (abhyanga)]] with medicated oil mixed with rock salt (Saindhava),specifically on the chest followed by fomentation
# [[Vamana|Therapeutic emesis(vamana)]]
# [[Vamana|Therapeutic emesis(vamana)]]
# [[Virechana|Therapeutic purgation(virechana)]]
# [[Virechana|Therapeutic purgation(virechana)]]
# [[Snehana|Snehana(oleation)]]
# [[Snehana|Snehana(oleation)]]
# [[Swedana|Swedana(fomentation)]]
# [[Swedana|Swedana(fomentation)]]
== Previous research works ==
== Previous research works ==
Some research thesis are carried out on the fundamental understanding of pranavaha srotas as below.
Some research thesis are carried out on the fundamental understanding of pranavaha srotas as below.