Sroto Vimana - Revision history

Agnivesha at 08:12, 23 February 2024

2024-02-23T08:12:45Z

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	\|data7 = Paliwal M.		\|data7 = Paliwal M.
	\|label8 = Editors		\|label8 = Editors
	\|data8 = Pol A., Deole Y.S., Basisht G.		\|data8 = Pol A., [[Yogesh Deole\|Deole Y.S.]], [[Gopal Basisht\|Basisht G.]]
	\|label9 = Year of publication		\|label9 = Year of publication
	\|data9 = 2020		\|data9 = 2020

Agnivesha: /* General principles of management */

2023-09-18T06:08:51Z

General principles of management

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	<div style="text-align:justify;">		<div style="text-align:justify;">
	The treatment of vitiated ''pranavaha, udakavaha'' and ''annavaha [[srotas]] are the same as those described for treating ''shwasa, trishna'' and ''amapradosha''. In disorders of [[rasa dhatu]]vaha [[srotas]], the treatment described in chapter on various foods and drinks(28th of [[Sutra Sthana]]) should be used in respective diseases. In the morbidities of [[mutra]]vaha srotas, [[purisha]]vaha [[srotas]] and swedavaha [[srotas]], the treatment indicated should be the same as mentioned for dysuria, diarrhea and fever respectively. [26-28]		The treatment of vitiated [[pranavaha]], [[udakavaha]] and [[annavaha]] [[srotas]] are the same as those described for treating [[shwasa]], [[Trishna Chikitsa\|trishna]] and [[Ama\|amapradosha]]. In disorders of [[rasa dhatu]]vaha [[srotas]], the treatment described in chapter on various foods and drinks(28th of [[Sutra Sthana]]) should be used in respective diseases. In the morbidities of [[mutra]]vaha srotas, [[purisha]]vaha [[srotas]] and [[Sweda\|swedavaha]] [[srotas]], the treatment indicated should be the same as mentioned for dysuria, diarrhea and fever respectively. [26-28]
	</div>		</div>

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Agnivesha at 06:52, 9 March 2023

2023-03-09T06:52:19Z

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	<big>'''Vimana Sthana Chapter 5. Specific features of channels of transport and transformation '''</big>		<big>'''Vimana Sthana Chapter 5. Specific features of channels of transport and transformation '''</big>
	{{Infobox		{{Infobox
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	<big>'''Abstract'''</big>		<big>'''Abstract'''</big>
			<p style="text-align:justify;">[[Ayurveda]] describes a systemic biological transport system comprising of gross and minute as well as very subtle channels transporting not only fluids, nutrients and waste products but also energies and impulses in different biological settings. These channels are called as srotas. The srotas are innumerable, but 13 gross channels are clinically approachable and are affected in different disease states with specific manifestations. These 13 gross channels comprise of three channels which transfer life-support substances from outside to inside the body and are called pranavaha (carrying vital energy), udakavaha (carrying body water) and annavaha srotas (carrying food nutrients). Another three channels perform gross excretory functions and remove faeces, urine and sweat and are called [[purisha]]vaha, [[mutra]]vaha and swedavaha srotas respectively. The remaining seven channels are for sustenance of the seven primordial tissues or [[dhatu]] and are collectively called sapta[[dhatu]]. Besides these gross channels, the living body has innumerable micro-channels responsible for secretion, synthesis and microcirculation of different life substances. There are as many srotamsi as there are life-factors operating in the body. These channels are prone to getting vitiated and obstructed, a fundamental reason for all pathologies in the body-mind system. [[Ama]], the byproduct of diminished [[agni]], is the most common cause of srotodushti (vitiation of transport system). There are four broad categories of srotas morbidity viz. hyperactivity, hypoactivity, distortions and swellings, and diversions of pathway. It is imperative to conserve the integrity of the srotamsi for good health. Ayurvedic srotovijnana is a unique approach to the understanding of macro, micro and molecular dimensions of the inner transport system of the living body. </br>
	<~~div~~ style="text-align:justify;">[[Ayurveda]] describes a systemic biological transport system comprising of gross and minute as well as very subtle channels transporting not only fluids, nutrients and waste products but also energies and impulses in different biological settings. These channels are called as srotas. The srotas are innumerable, but 13 gross channels are clinically approachable and are affected in different disease states with specific manifestations. These 13 gross channels comprise of three channels which transfer life-support substances from outside to inside the body and are called pranavaha (carrying vital energy), udakavaha (carrying body water) and annavaha srotas (carrying food nutrients). Another three channels perform gross excretory functions and remove faeces, urine and sweat and are called [[purisha]]vaha, [[mutra]]vaha and swedavaha srotas respectively. The remaining seven channels are for sustenance of the seven primordial tissues or [[dhatu]] and are collectively called sapta[[dhatu]]. Besides these gross channels, the living body has innumerable micro-channels responsible for secretion, synthesis and microcirculation of different life substances. There are as many srotamsi as there are life-factors operating in the body. These channels are prone to getting vitiated and obstructed, a fundamental reason for all pathologies in the body-mind system. [[Ama]], the byproduct of diminished [[agni]], is the most common cause of srotodushti (vitiation of transport system). There are four broad categories of srotas morbidity viz. hyperactivity, hypoactivity, distortions and swellings, and diversions of pathway. It is imperative to conserve the integrity of the srotamsi for good health. Ayurvedic srotovijnana is a unique approach to the understanding of macro, micro and molecular dimensions of the inner transport system of the living body. </~~div~~>

	'''Keywords''': srotas, transportation of nutrients, body systems, channels of circulation, body tissues.		'''Keywords''': srotas, transportation of nutrients, body systems, channels of circulation, body tissues.
	</~~div~~>		</p>

Agnivesha at 06:09, 20 September 2022

2022-09-20T06:09:19Z

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	\|title=Sroto Vimana		\|title=Sroto Vimana

Eganeesh: /* Related chapter */

2021-09-23T13:01:43Z

Related chapter

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:01, 23 September 2021
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	[[Vividhashitapitiya Adhyaya]]		[[Vividhashitapitiya Adhyaya]]

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Eganeesh: /* Future scope for research */

2021-09-23T13:01:07Z

Future scope for research

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:01, 23 September 2021
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	#[[Srotas]]- wise classification of different diseases with a view to develop systemic medicine in [[Ayurveda]] which may facilitate the application of diagnostic and therapeutic procedures.		#[[Srotas]]- wise classification of different diseases with a view to develop systemic medicine in [[Ayurveda]] which may facilitate the application of diagnostic and therapeutic procedures.
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	==Related chapter==		==Related chapter==

Eganeesh: /* Future scope for research */

2021-09-23T13:00:44Z

Future scope for research

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:00, 23 September 2021
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	#[[Srotas]]- wise classification of different diseases with a view to develop systemic medicine in [[Ayurveda]] which may facilitate the application of diagnostic and therapeutic procedures.		#[[Srotas]]- wise classification of different diseases with a view to develop systemic medicine in [[Ayurveda]] which may facilitate the application of diagnostic and therapeutic procedures.
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	==Related chapter==		==Related chapter==

Anaghas: /* Vidhi Vimarsha (Applied Inferences) */

2021-07-19T11:52:06Z

Vidhi Vimarsha (Applied Inferences)

Anaghas: /* Tattva Vimarsha (Fundamental Principles) */

2021-07-19T11:43:47Z

Tattva Vimarsha (Fundamental Principles)

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:43, 19 July 2021
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	== Tattva Vimarsha (Fundamental Principles) ==		== Tattva Vimarsha (Fundamental Principles) ==
	<div style="text-align:justify;">		<div style="text-align:justify;">
	*~~srotasa~~ are the basic biological transport and transformation systems in the body.		*[[srotas]] are the basic biological transport and transformation systems in the body.
	*~~''Doshas''~~ can pervade in these biological systems and also affect them due to their own causes.		*[[Dosha]] can pervade in these biological systems and also affect them due to their own causes.
	*The roots of ~~srotasa~~ shall be considered while treating a disorder pertaining to specific ~~srotasa~~.		*The roots of [[srotas]] shall be considered while treating a disorder pertaining to specific [[srotas]].
	*Diet and lifestyle that are similar in properties of ''dosha'' and dissimilar in properties of ''dhatu'' cause morbidity in ''srotas''.		*Diet and lifestyle that are similar in properties of [[dosha]] and dissimilar in properties of [[dhatu]] cause morbidity in [[srotas]].

	Therefore the causative factors of a disease are similar in properties of ''dosha'' and dissimilar in properties of ''dhatu''. The management shall be designed accordingly.		Therefore the causative factors of a disease are similar in properties of [[dosha]] and dissimilar in properties of [[dhatu]]. The management shall be designed accordingly.

	*Increased flow or obstruction or formation of nodules and flow of bodily fluids or contents in the wrong or opposite direction are the features of morbidity of ''srotas''. Diagnosis of these shall be done first before designing management protocol.		*Increased flow or obstruction or formation of nodules and flow of bodily fluids or contents in the wrong or opposite direction are the features of morbidity of [[srotas]]. Diagnosis of these shall be done first before designing the management protocol.
	</div>		</div>

Anaghas: /* Summary */

2021-07-19T11:41:42Z

Summary

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:41, 19 July 2021
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	<div style="text-align:justify;">		<div style="text-align:justify;">
	To sum up the verses thus far, roots of the thirteen ''srotamsi'', general symptoms of their vitiation, synonyms, morbidity of ''srotas'' and ~~''dhatus''~~, etiological factors of the various afflictions and their treatment, and basic descriptions of the ''srotas'' are the subject of study in this chapter on ''srotas''. One who knows the body from all aspects and also all the bodily diseases does not get confused when treating it. [29-31]		To sum up the verses thus far, roots of the thirteen ''srotamsi'', general symptoms of their vitiation, synonyms, morbidity of [[srotas]] and [[dhatu]], etiological factors of the various afflictions and their treatment, and basic descriptions of the [[srotas]] are the subject of study in this chapter on [[srotas]]. One who knows the body from all aspects and also all the bodily diseases does not get confused when treating it. [29-31]
	</div>		</div>
	<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">		<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
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	</div></div>		</div></div>

	Thus ends the fifth chapter - on the specific features of the ''srotas'' - of the [[Vimana Sthana]] in the treatise composed by Agnivesha and redacted by Charak. [5]		Thus ends the fifth chapter - on the specific features of the [[srotas]] - of the [[Vimana Sthana]] in the treatise composed by Agnivesha and redacted by Charak. [5]

	== Tattva Vimarsha (Fundamental Principles) ==		== Tattva Vimarsha (Fundamental Principles) ==

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:52, 19 July 2021
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	===Meaning of srotas and vimana===		===Meaning of srotas and vimana===

	'''Srotas:''' The word ''srotas'' means a channel or a pathway with functions like secreting, oozing, leaking, and circulating. It refers to the macro and micro inner transport system of the body and pathways concerned with the function of accepting, rejecting as well as carrying the vital external supports for life from outside viz. ''prana'' (air), ''anna'' (food) and ''udak'' (water) which are essential to sustain life besides ejecting the excreta viz. ''mala'' (feces), ''mutra'' (urine) and ''sweda'' (sweat) in order to keep the internal environment clean. There are special systemic ''srotamsi'' for carrying/circulating the nutrients and bio-factors through each of the seven ~~''dhatus''~~. Besides these gross channels there are innumerable micro channels, pathways and receptors specific for transmission and transportation of different bio-factors/bio-events, tangible or intangible in the body. The ''srotas'' system forms the basic matrix of all physiological, pathological as well as the pharmacological functions of the living body.		'''[[Srotas]]:''' The word [[srotas]] means a channel or a pathway with functions like secreting, oozing, leaking, and circulating. It refers to the macro and micro inner transport system of the body and pathways concerned with the function of accepting, rejecting as well as carrying the vital external supports for life from outside viz. ''prana'' (air), ''anna'' (food) and ''udak'' (water) which are essential to sustain life besides ejecting the excreta viz. [[mala]] (feces), [[mutra]] (urine) and ''sweda'' (sweat) in order to keep the internal environment clean. There are special systemic ''srotamsi'' for carrying/circulating the nutrients and bio-factors through each of the seven [[dhatu]]. Besides these gross channels there are innumerable micro channels, pathways and receptors specific for transmission and transportation of different bio-factors/bio-events, tangible or intangible in the body. The [[srotas]] system forms the basic matrix of all physiological, pathological as well as the pharmacological functions of the living body.

	'''Vimana:''' Methodology of assessment/measurement/identification of biological/clinical events of the living body.		'''Vimana:''' Methodology of assessment/measurement/identification of biological/clinical events of the living body.
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	===Importance of chapter===		===Importance of chapter===

	The chapter on [[Sroto Vimana]] deals with the subject of inner transport systems of the living body in a unique, holistic style and presenting almost a new way of understanding human biology. The living human body is comprised of innumerable micro and macro channels with specific functions. The tangible and intangible components of this ~~''srota''~~ system are responsible for transport and circulation of all kinds of biological fluids, energies and impulses. Charak’s statement that our body is equipped with as many micro-channels as is the number of life events is an interesting way of looking at the circulatory system within the body. The subtle dimension of ''srotovijnana'' of [[Ayurveda]] seems to encompass all the minute structural and non-structural pathways and receptors which allow complex body functions. While deliberating on the micro-structural dimensions of ''srotovijnana'',[[Ayurveda]] does not forget to reflect that it is an applied bioscience that needs to be practiced by clinicians who may need to clinically examine the roots of these channels at a gross level. Hence, after initial reflection on the quantized microstructures, Charak presents a very practical scheme of 13 gross channels or physiological systems for routine pathological considerations and for clinical examinations in a patient. Following two aspects need to be kept in mind to understand the Ayurvedic concept of ''srotvijana'':		The chapter on [[Sroto Vimana]] deals with the subject of inner transport systems of the living body in a unique, holistic style and presenting almost a new way of understanding human biology. The living human body is comprised of innumerable micro and macro channels with specific functions. The tangible and intangible components of this [[srotas]] system are responsible for transport and circulation of all kinds of biological fluids, energies and impulses. Charak’s statement that our body is equipped with as many micro-channels as is the number of life events is an interesting way of looking at the circulatory system within the body. The subtle dimension of ''srotovijnana'' of [[Ayurveda]] seems to encompass all the minute structural and non-structural pathways and receptors which allow complex body functions. While deliberating on the micro-structural dimensions of ''srotovijnana'',[[Ayurveda]] does not forget to reflect that it is an applied bioscience that needs to be practiced by clinicians who may need to clinically examine the roots of these channels at a gross level. Hence, after initial reflection on the quantized microstructures, Charak presents a very practical scheme of 13 gross channels or physiological systems for routine pathological considerations and for clinical examinations in a patient. Following two aspects need to be kept in mind to understand the Ayurvedic concept of ''srotvijana'':

	*The concept of cellular and molecular ''srotamsi'' is aptly reflected in the following verse:		*The concept of cellular and molecular ''srotamsi'' is aptly reflected in the following verse:
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	Bhawavisheshah tawant ewasmin Srotasam prakara visheshah.''		Bhawavisheshah tawant ewasmin Srotasam prakara visheshah.''

	(The body is a network of ~~srotasa~~. There are as many types of ''srotas'' as there are corporeal entities.)		(The body is a network of [[srotas]]. There are as many types of [[srotas]] as there are corporeal entities.)

	[[Ayurveda]] in general and the [[Charak Samhita]] in particular presents its unique approach to the molecular physiology of the living body encompassing the entire range of micro transport tissues or channels, with the help of microstructure and nonstructural physiological mechanisms describing the same under [[Sroto Vimana]]. The bio receptors, the micro transport accelerator mechanisms and all kinds of designed micro barriers such as blood brain barrier etc. fall in the realm of micro ''srotas''. This could be easily compared with the contemporary information prevalent today in molecular biology.		[[Ayurveda]] in general and the [[Charak Samhita]] in particular presents its unique approach to the molecular physiology of the living body encompassing the entire range of micro transport tissues or channels, with the help of microstructure and nonstructural physiological mechanisms describing the same under [[Sroto Vimana]]. The bio receptors, the micro transport accelerator mechanisms and all kinds of designed micro barriers such as blood brain barrier etc. fall in the realm of micro [[srotas]]. This could be easily compared with the contemporary information prevalent today in molecular biology.

	*On the other hand, Charak describes 13 gross channels from the applied point of view of pathology, clinical medicine and diagnostics which is routinely used in examination of a patient in clinical settings. It seems Charak considers physiology as subtle and pathology as gross. As also mentioned in the introduction of this chapter, the described set of 13 channels are designed for following physio-pathological attributes, namely, three channels for intake of biologically needed material from outside such as air, water, food through three channels called ''pranavaha, udakavaha,'' and ''annavaha''. Besides, there are three other gross excretory functions associated with evacuation of bowels, urine and sweat through the three respective channels/systems called ~~''purishavaha~~, ~~mutravaha~~,'' and ''swedavaha.''		*On the other hand, Charak describes 13 gross channels from the applied point of view of pathology, clinical medicine and diagnostics which is routinely used in examination of a patient in clinical settings. It seems Charak considers physiology as subtle and pathology as gross. As also mentioned in the introduction of this chapter, the described set of 13 channels are designed for following physio-pathological attributes, namely, three channels for intake of biologically needed material from outside such as air, water, food through three channels called ''pranavaha, udakavaha,'' and ''annavaha''. Besides, there are three other gross excretory functions associated with evacuation of bowels, urine and sweat through the three respective channels/systems called [[purisha]]vaha, [[mutra]]vaha, and ''swedavaha.''

	Finally, there are the seven sustaining channels, one each for the seven ~~''dhatus''~~ or primordial tissues of the body namely ''rasavaha'', ''raktavaha, mamsavaha, medovaha, asthivaha, majjavaha'' and ''shukravaha'' for perfusion of the ~~''dhatus''~~ viz. ''rasa, rakta, mamsa, meda, asthi, majja'', and ''shukra'' respectively. Each of these channels has been described to possess a pair of base organs called ''mula'' which forms the origin of the respective ''srotas''.		Finally, there are the seven sustaining channels, one each for the seven [[dhatu]] or primordial tissues of the body namely rasavaha, raktavaha, mamsavaha, medovaha, asthivaha, majjavaha and shukravaha for perfusion of the [[dhatu]]viz. [[rasa dhatu]], [[rakta dhatu]], [[mamsa dhatu]], [[meda dhatu]], [[asthi dhatu]], [[majja dhatu]], and [[shukra dhatu]] respectively. Each of these channels has been described to possess a pair of base organs called ''mula'' which forms the origin of the respective [[srotas]].

	These channels, both minute and gross, are vulnerable to afflictions from a set of ''srotas'' disorders viz. ''atipravritti'' or hyperactivity, ''sanga'' or hypoactivity, ''siragranthi'' or obstructive swelling, and ''vimarga gamana'' or diversion of function. Such ''srota dushti'' or vitiation are caused by a range of factors including ''ama'', unhealthy particles ingested and inhaled from the atmosphere, and wear and tear in body due to routine physiology and stress. [[Ayurveda]] advocates protecting the channels from being blocked or vitiated by means of leading a healthy life style, eating healthy food as well as by practicing periodical ''samshodhana karma''.		These channels, both minute and gross, are vulnerable to afflictions from a set of [[srotas]] disorders viz. ''atipravritti'' or hyperactivity, ''sanga'' or hypoactivity, ''siragranthi'' or obstructive swelling, and ''vimarga gamana'' or diversion of function. Such ''srota dushti'' or vitiation are caused by a range of factors including [[ama]], unhealthy particles ingested and inhaled from the atmosphere, and wear and tear in body due to routine physiology and stress. [[Ayurveda]] advocates protecting the channels from being blocked or vitiated by means of leading a healthy life style, eating healthy food as well as by practicing periodical ''samshodhana karma''.
	</div>		</div>

	=== Future scope for research ===		=== Future scope for research ===
	<div style="text-align:justify;">		<div style="text-align:justify;">
	#This chapter deals with the micro and macro inner transport system of the living body. Considering the high priority given to ''srotas'' system in [[Ayurveda]] it appears necessary to scientifically probe into this important traditional concept. It may be useful to undertake comparative studies with the contemporary knowledge about the membrane biology and systemic endothelial system. ''Srotovijnana'' of [[Ayurveda]] is a rich area of molecular biology research.		#This chapter deals with the micro and macro inner transport system of the living body. Considering the high priority given to [[srotas]] system in [[Ayurveda]] it appears necessary to scientifically probe into this important traditional concept. It may be useful to undertake comparative studies with the contemporary knowledge about the membrane biology and systemic endothelial system. ''Srotovijnana'' of [[Ayurveda]] is a rich area of molecular biology research.
	#''Srotavarodha'' (obstruction of channels) is the basic cause of pathology in [[Ayurveda]]. There is a need of clinical and molecular study of the nature of ''srotavarodha'' occurring in different clinical situations with a view to develop preventive and therapeutic modalities on the lines of ''samshodhana chikitsa'' of [[Ayurveda]] beyond traditional [[Panchakarma]] therapy.		#''Srotavarodha'' (obstruction of channels) is the basic cause of pathology in [[Ayurveda]]. There is a need of clinical and molecular study of the nature of ''srotavarodha'' occurring in different clinical situations with a view to develop preventive and therapeutic modalities on the lines of ''samshodhana chikitsa'' of [[Ayurveda]] beyond traditional [[Panchakarma]] therapy.
	#''Srotas''- wise classification of different diseases with a view to develop systemic medicine in [[Ayurveda]] which may facilitate the application of diagnostic and therapeutic procedures.		#[[Srotas]]- wise classification of different diseases with a view to develop systemic medicine in [[Ayurveda]] which may facilitate the application of diagnostic and therapeutic procedures.
	</div>		</div>