Charak Samhita - Recent changes [en]

Herbs details

Agnivesha — Wed, 26 Aug 2026 07:35:07 GMT

← Older revision		Revision as of 07:35, 26 August 2026
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	# [[Gokshura]]		# [[Gokshura]]
	# [[Surasa\|Tulasi]] ([[Surasa]])		# [[Surasa\|Tulasi]] ([[Surasa]])
			# [[Lavanga]]

Lavanga

Agnivesha — Wed, 26 Aug 2026 07:34:11 GMT

File:Lavanga.jpg

Agnivesha — Wed, 26 Aug 2026 07:31:43 GMT

Agnivesha uploaded File:Lavanga.jpg

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Lavanga

Agnivesha — Wed, 26 Aug 2026 07:26:16 GMT

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Talk:Lavanga

Agnivesha — Wed, 26 Aug 2026 07:25:50 GMT

← Older revision		Revision as of 07:25, 26 August 2026
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	[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clove Lavanga] (Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merr. & L.M.Perry), widely recognized in [[Ayurveda]] jurisprudence as '''Lavanga''' and commercially known as '''Clove''', is an evergreen tree belonging to the family Myrtaceae. Botanically, the drug comprises the dried, unopened flower buds of the plant. It is a well-known aromatic flower bud belonging to the family Myrtaceae. In Ayurveda, it is widely used as a therapeutic drug, digestive stimulant, and flavoring agent.<ref name="API">Anonymous. ''The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India''. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume 1: 52.</ref>		[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clove Lavanga] (Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merr. & L.M.Perry), widely recognized in [[Ayurveda]] jurisprudence as '''Lavanga''' and commercially known as '''Clove''', is an evergreen tree belonging to the family Myrtaceae. Botanically, the drug comprises the dried, unopened flower buds of the plant. It is a well-known aromatic flower bud belonging to the family Myrtaceae. In Ayurveda, it is widely used as a therapeutic drug, digestive stimulant, and flavoring agent.<ref name="API">Anonymous. ''The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India''. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume 1: 52.</ref>

			{{Infobox
			\|title = Lavanga
			\|label1 = Section/Chapter
			\|data1 = Herb database/Amalaki
			\|label2 = Botanical name(s)
			\|data2 = Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merr. & L.M.Perry
			\|label3 = Family
			\|data3 = Myrtaceae
			\|label4 = Availability
			\|data4 = Available
			\|label5 = Contributors
			\|data5 = [[Team Dravyaguna]]
			\|label6 = Year of publication
			\|data6 = 2026
			\|label7 = Publisher
			\|data7 = [[Charak Samhita Research, Training and Skill Development Centre]]
			\|label8 = DOI
			\|data8 = Awaited
			}}

	== Botanical & Vernacular Names ==		== Botanical & Vernacular Names ==
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	** ''Lavanga''		** ''Lavanga''
	* '''Synonyms in Bhavaprakash Nighantu:'''<ref name="Bhavaprakash">Prof. Krushnachandra Chunekar, ''Bhavaprakash Nighantu''. Reprint Edition 2020, Chaukhambha Bharati Academy, Karpuradi varga, verse no. 58.</ref>		* '''Synonyms in Bhavaprakash Nighantu:'''<ref name="Bhavaprakash">Prof. Krushnachandra Chunekar, ''Bhavaprakash Nighantu''. Reprint Edition 2020, Chaukhambha Bharati Academy, Karpuradi varga, verse no. 58.</ref>
	** ''Devakusuma'' ~~&ndash~~; The flowers are used to worship gods and considered the best among flowers.		** ''Devakusuma''; The flowers are used to worship gods and considered the best among flowers.
	** ''Shreesangna'' ~~&ndash~~; Auspicious in nature.		** ''Shreesangna''; Auspicious in nature.
	** ''Shree Prasunaka'' ~~&ndash~~; Possessing beautiful flowers.		** ''Shree Prasunaka''; Possessing beautiful flowers.

	== Ayurvedic Pharmacological Properties ==		== Ayurvedic Pharmacological Properties ==
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	\| 1 \|\| '''Taste (''[[Rasa]]'')''' \|\| Pungent (''Katu''), Bitter (''Tikta'')		\| 1 \|\| '''Taste (''[[Rasa]]'')''' \|\| Pungent (''Katu''), Bitter (''Tikta'')
	\|-		\|-
	\| 2 \|\| '''Potency (''[[Veerya]]'')''' \|\| Cold (''~~Sita~~'')		\| 2 \|\| '''Potency (''[[Veerya]]'')''' \|\| Cold (''Sheeta'')
	\|-		\|-
	\| 3 \|\| '''Post-digestion Effect (''[[Vipaka]]'')''' \|\| Pungent (''Katu'')		\| 3 \|\| '''Post-digestion Effect (''[[Vipaka]]'')''' \|\| Pungent (''Katu'')

Amalaki

Agnivesha — Wed, 26 Aug 2026 07:17:05 GMT

← Older revision		Revision as of 07:17, 26 August 2026
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	\|title=Charak Samhita		\|title=Charak Samhita
	\|titlemode=append		\|titlemode=append
	\|keywords=Amalaki, Amalaki, Emblica officinalis Gaertn, Phyllanthus emblica L., Charak Samhita, carakasamhitaonline, carakasamhita, caraka samhita, Ayurveda, Charak Samhita English translation, ancient Ayurveda text, Indian system of medicine, Ayurveda, Charak, Charaka Samhita, agnivesha, atreya, gopal basisht, yogesh deole, charak samhita wikipedia edition, charak samhita new edition, charaka samhita new edition, carak samhita new edition, caraka samhita new edition, research on charak samhita, text book charak samhita, fundamental principles of ayurveda, basic concepts of ayurveda,		\|keywords=Amalaki, Amalaki, Emblica officinalis Gaertn, Phyllanthus emblica L., therapeutic use, researches on dravya, Charak Samhita, carakasamhitaonline, carakasamhita, caraka samhita, Ayurveda, Charak Samhita English translation, ancient Ayurveda text, Indian system of medicine, Ayurveda, Charak, Charaka Samhita, agnivesha, atreya, gopal basisht, yogesh deole, charak samhita wikipedia edition, charak samhita new edition, charaka samhita new edition, carak samhita new edition, caraka samhita new edition, research on charak samhita, text book charak samhita, fundamental principles of ayurveda, basic concepts of ayurveda,
	\|description='Emblica officinalis Gaertn or Phyllanthus emblica L. is an extensively used herb in [[Ayurveda]] for dietary and therapeutic purpose as well.		\|description='Emblica officinalis Gaertn or Phyllanthus emblica L. is an extensively used herb in [[Ayurveda]] for dietary and therapeutic purpose as well.
	\|image=http://www.carakasamhitaonline.com/resources/assets/ogimgs.jpg		\|image=http://www.carakasamhitaonline.com/resources/assets/ogimgs.jpg
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	\|data4 = Available		\|data4 = Available
	\|label5 = Contributors		\|label5 = Contributors
	\|data5 = Dravyaguna ~~Team~~		\|data5 = [[Team Dravyaguna]]
	\|label6 = Year of publication		\|label6 = Year of publication
	\|data6 = ~~2025~~		\|data6 = 2026
	\|label7 = Publisher		\|label7 = Publisher
	\|data7 = [[Charak Samhita Research, Training and Skill Development Centre]]		\|data7 = [[Charak Samhita Research, Training and Skill Development Centre]]

Talk:Lavanga

Agnivesha — Wed, 26 Aug 2026 07:14:11 GMT

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-{{Infobox plant
+{{#seo:
-| name               = Lavanga
+|title=Charak Samhita
-| image              = Clove_Syzygium_aromaticum.jpg
+|titlemode=append
-| image_caption      = Fresh flower buds of ''Syzygium aromaticum'' (Clove)
+|keywords= Syzygium aromaticum, Lavanga, clove, Therapeutic use, herbs, researches on dravya, Charak Samhita, Dravyaguna, carakasamhitaonline, carakasamhita, caraka samhita, Ayurveda, Charak Samhita English translation, ancient Ayurveda text, Indian system of medicine, Ayurveda, Charak, Charaka Samhita, agnivesha, atreya, gopal basisht, yogesh deole, charak samhita wikipedia edition, charak samhita new edition, charaka samhita new edition, carak samhita new edition, caraka samhita new edition, research on charak samhita, text book charak samhita, fundamental principles of ayurveda, basic concepts of ayurveda,
-| binomial_name      = ''Syzygium aromaticum''
+|description='''''Syzygium aromaticum''''' (L.) Merr. & L.M.Perry, widely recognized in [[Ayurveda]] jurisprudence as '''Lavanga''' and commercially known as '''Clove''', is an evergreen tree belonging to the family [[Myrtaceae]].
-| family             = Myrtaceae
+|image=http://www.carakasamhitaonline.com/resources/assets/ogimgs.jpg
-| common_names       = Clove
+|image_alt=charak samhita
-| synonyms           =
+|type=article
 }}
-'''Lavanga''' (Latin: ''Syzygium aromaticum'', English: '''Clove''') is a well-known aromatic flower bud belonging to the family Myrtaceae. In Ayurveda, it is widely used as a therapeutic drug, digestive stimulant, and flavoring agent.<ref name="API">Anonymous. ''The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India''. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume 1: 52.</ref>
+[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clove Lavanga] (Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merr. & L.M.Perry), widely recognized in [[Ayurveda]] jurisprudence as '''Lavanga''' and commercially known as '''Clove''', is an evergreen tree belonging to the family Myrtaceae. Botanically, the drug comprises the dried, unopened flower buds of the plant. It is a well-known aromatic flower bud belonging to the family Myrtaceae. In Ayurveda, it is widely used as a therapeutic drug, digestive stimulant, and flavoring agent.<ref name="API">Anonymous. ''The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India''. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume 1: 52.</ref>
 == Botanical & Vernacular Names ==
@@ Line 88: / Line 83: @@
 == Current Research ==
-* Phytochemical profile & research database: [https://cb.imsc.res.in/imppat/phytochemical/Syzygium%20aromaticum IMPPAT Phytochemical Profile: Syzygium aromaticum]
 == References ==
-<references />
+{{reflist}}

Talk:Lavanga

Dridhabala — Tue, 25 Aug 2026 16:37:30 GMT

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:37, 25 August 2026
(2 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown)
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	== Botanical & Vernacular Names ==		== Botanical & Vernacular Names ==
	* '''Latin Name:''' ''Syzygium aromaticum''		* '''Latin Name:''' ''Syzygium aromaticum''
	* '''Family:''' [[Myrtaceae]]		* '''Family:''' Myrtaceae
	* '''English Name:''' Clove		* '''English Name:''' Clove
	* '''Sanskrit / Classical Name:''' Lavanga		* '''Sanskrit / Classical Name:''' Lavanga
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	== Synonyms in Classical Texts ==		== Synonyms in Classical Texts ==
	* '''Synonyms in [[Charaka Samhita]]:'''		* '''Synonyms in Charaka Samhita:'''
	** ''Lavanga''		** ''Lavanga''
	* '''Synonyms in Bhavaprakash Nighantu:'''<ref name="Bhavaprakash">Prof. Krushnachandra Chunekar, ''Bhavaprakash Nighantu''. Reprint Edition 2020, Chaukhambha Bharati Academy, Karpuradi varga, verse no. 58.</ref>		* '''Synonyms in Bhavaprakash Nighantu:'''<ref name="Bhavaprakash">Prof. Krushnachandra Chunekar, ''Bhavaprakash Nighantu''. Reprint Edition 2020, Chaukhambha Bharati Academy, Karpuradi varga, verse no. 58.</ref>
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	! Sr. No. !! Pharmacological Criteria !! Properties (Ayurvedic Attributes)		! Sr. No. !! Pharmacological Criteria !! Properties (Ayurvedic Attributes)
	\|-		\|-
	\| 1 \|\| '''Taste (''Rasa'')''' \|\| Pungent (''Katu''), Bitter (''Tikta'')		\| 1 \|\| '''Taste (''[[Rasa]]'')''' \|\| Pungent (''Katu''), Bitter (''Tikta'')
	\|-		\|-
	\| 2 \|\| '''Potency (''Veerya'')''' \|\| Cold (''Sita'')		\| 2 \|\| '''Potency (''[[Veerya]]'')''' \|\| Cold (''Sita'')
	\|-		\|-
	\| 3 \|\| '''Post-digestion Effect (''Vipaka'')''' \|\| Pungent (''Katu'')		\| 3 \|\| '''Post-digestion Effect (''[[Vipaka]]'')''' \|\| Pungent (''Katu'')
	\|-		\|-
	\| 4 \|\| '''Qualities (''Guna'')''' \|\| Light (''Laghu''), Sharp (''Tikshna'')		\| 4 \|\| '''Qualities (''[[Guna]]'')''' \|\| Light (''Laghu''), Sharp (''Tikshna'')
	\|-		\|-
	\| 5 \|\| '''Actions (''Karma'')''' \|\| ''Sulahara'' (pain-relieving), ''Dipana'' (digestive stimulant), ''Kasahara'' (alleviates cough), ''Kaphapitta Shamaka'' (pacifies Kapha and Pitta), ''Pachana'' (digestive), ''Ruchya'' (taste enhancer)		\| 5 \|\| '''Actions (''[[Karma]]'')''' \|\| ''Sulahara'' (pain-relieving), ''Dipana'' (digestive stimulant), ''Kasahara'' (alleviates cough), ''Kaphapitta Shamaka'' (pacifies Kapha and Pitta), ''Pachana'' (digestive), ''Ruchya'' (taste enhancer)
	\|}		\|}

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	! Sr. No. !! Reference in Charaka Samhita !! Activity / Indication		! Sr. No. !! Reference in Charaka Samhita !! Activity / Indication
	\|-		\|-
	\| 1 \|\| [[Charaka Samhita]] [[Sutra Sthana]] 5/77 \|\| Used as mouth fresheners (''Mukhadurgandhanashaka'')		\| 1 \|\| Charaka Samhita [[Sutra Sthana]] 5/77 \|\| Used as mouth fresheners (''Mukhadurgandhanashaka'')
	\|-		\|-
	\| 2 \|\| [[Charaka Samhita]] [[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/210 \|\| As an active ingredient of ''Khadiradi Gutika''		\| 2 \|\| Charaka Samhita [[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/210 \|\| As an active ingredient of ''Khadiradi Gutika''
	\|-		\|-
	\| 3 \|\| [[Charaka Samhita]] [[Chikitsa Sthana]] 28/153 \|\| As an active ingredient of ''Bala Taila''		\| 3 \|\| Charaka Samhita [[Chikitsa Sthana]] 28/153 \|\| As an active ingredient of ''Bala Taila''
	\|}		\|}

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	== References ==		== References ==
	<references />		<references />

	~~[[Category:Medicinal plants]]~~
	~~[[Category:Spices]]~~
	~~[[Category:Ayurvedic herbs]]~~
	~~[[Category:Myrtaceae]]~~

Talk:Lavanga

Dridhabala — Tue, 25 Aug 2026 16:24:05 GMT

Created page with "{{Infobox plant | name = Lavanga | image = Clove_Syzygium_aromaticum.jpg | image_caption = Fresh flower buds of ''Syzygium aromaticum'' (Clove) | binomial_name = ''Syzygium aromaticum'' | family = Myrtaceae | common_names = Clove | synonyms = * ''Caryophyllus aromaticus'' L. * ''Eugenia aromatica'' (L.) Baill. * ''Eugenia caryophyllata'' Thunb. * ''Eugenia caryophyllus'' (Spreng.) Bullock & S.G.Harrison *..."

New page

{{Infobox plant
| name = Lavanga
| image = Clove_Syzygium_aromaticum.jpg
| image_caption = Fresh flower buds of ''Syzygium aromaticum'' (Clove)
| binomial_name = ''Syzygium aromaticum''
| family = Myrtaceae
| common_names = Clove
| synonyms =
* ''Caryophyllus aromaticus'' L.
* ''Eugenia aromatica'' (L.) Baill.
* ''Eugenia caryophyllata'' Thunb.
* ''Eugenia caryophyllus'' (Spreng.) Bullock & S.G.Harrison
* ''Jambosa caryophyllus'' (Thunb.) Nied.
}}

'''Lavanga''' (Latin: ''Syzygium aromaticum'', English: '''Clove''') is a well-known aromatic flower bud belonging to the family Myrtaceae. In Ayurveda, it is widely used as a therapeutic drug, digestive stimulant, and flavoring agent.<ref name="API">Anonymous. ''The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India''. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume 1: 52.</ref>

== Botanical & Vernacular Names ==
* '''Latin Name:''' ''Syzygium aromaticum''
* '''Family:''' [[Myrtaceae]]
* '''English Name:''' Clove
* '''Sanskrit / Classical Name:''' Lavanga

=== Botanical Synonyms ===
* ''Caryophyllus aromaticus'' L.
* ''Eugenia aromatica'' (L.) Baill.
* ''Eugenia caryophyllata'' Thunb.
* ''Eugenia caryophyllus'' (Spreng.) Bullock & S.G.Harrison
* ''Jambosa caryophyllus'' (Thunb.) Nied.

== Synonyms in Classical Texts ==
* '''Synonyms in [[Charaka Samhita]]:'''
** ''Lavanga''
* '''Synonyms in Bhavaprakash Nighantu:'''<ref name="Bhavaprakash">Prof. Krushnachandra Chunekar, ''Bhavaprakash Nighantu''. Reprint Edition 2020, Chaukhambha Bharati Academy, Karpuradi varga, verse no. 58.</ref>
** ''Devakusuma'' – The flowers are used to worship gods and considered the best among flowers.
** ''Shreesangna'' – Auspicious in nature.
** ''Shree Prasunaka'' – Possessing beautiful flowers.

== Ayurvedic Pharmacological Properties ==
According to Ayurvedic pharmacodynamics, the properties (''Rasa Panchaka'') of Lavanga are summarized below:<ref name="API" />

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:left;"
! Sr. No. !! Pharmacological Criteria !! Properties (Ayurvedic Attributes)
|-
| 1 || '''Taste (''Rasa'')''' || Pungent (''Katu''), Bitter (''Tikta'')
|-
| 2 || '''Potency (''Veerya'')''' || Cold (''Sita'')
|-
| 3 || '''Post-digestion Effect (''Vipaka'')''' || Pungent (''Katu'')
|-
| 4 || '''Qualities (''Guna'')''' || Light (''Laghu''), Sharp (''Tikshna'')
|-
| 5 || '''Actions (''Karma'')''' || ''Sulahara'' (pain-relieving), ''Dipana'' (digestive stimulant), ''Kasahara'' (alleviates cough), ''Kaphapitta Shamaka'' (pacifies Kapha and Pitta), ''Pachana'' (digestive), ''Ruchya'' (taste enhancer)
|}

== References in Charaka Samhita ==
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:left;"
! Sr. No. !! Reference in Charaka Samhita !! Activity / Indication
|-
| 1 || [[Charaka Samhita]] [[Sutra Sthana]] 5/77 || Used as mouth fresheners (''Mukhadurgandhanashaka'')
|-
| 2 || [[Charaka Samhita]] [[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/210 || As an active ingredient of ''Khadiradi Gutika''
|-
| 3 || [[Charaka Samhita]] [[Chikitsa Sthana]] 28/153 || As an active ingredient of ''Bala Taila''
|}

== Therapeutic Uses ==
Lavanga is therapeutically indicated in the management of:<ref name="API" />
* ''Amlapitta'' (Hyperacidity / Acidity)
* ''Swasa'' (Breathlessness / Dyspnea)
* ''Chardi'' (Vomiting)
* ''Adhmana'' (Abdominal distension / Flatulence)
* ''Hikka'' (Hiccups)
* ''Kasa'' (Cough)
* ''Kshaya'' (Wasting / Phthisis)
* ''Trushna'' (Excessive thirst)

== Dosage & Administration ==
* '''Powder (''Churna''):''' 0.5 – 2.0 g of the drug in powder form.<ref name="API" />

== Important Formulations ==
* ''Lavangadi Vati''
* ''Lavangadi Churna''

== Habitat & Availability ==
* '''Status:''' Available
* '''Geographical Distribution:''' Cultivated in India primarily across the southern states of '''Kerala''' and '''Karnataka'''.

== Current Research ==
* Phytochemical profile & research database: [https://cb.imsc.res.in/imppat/phytochemical/Syzygium%20aromaticum IMPPAT Phytochemical Profile: Syzygium aromaticum]

== References ==
<references />

[[Category:Medicinal plants]]
[[Category:Spices]]
[[Category:Ayurvedic herbs]]
[[Category:Myrtaceae]]

Lavanga

Agnivesha — Tue, 25 Aug 2026 06:13:01 GMT

Created page with "Lavanga is a traditional herb."

New page

Lavanga is a traditional herb.

Team Dravyaguna

Agnivesha — Mon, 24 Aug 2026 10:54:59 GMT

Created page with "Many research scholars have contributed in development of database on herbs in Charak Samhita. Content on each herbs is developed to signify its importance in clinical management. The methods includes following: # A list of herbs in Charak Samhita is prepared. # A template to develop comprehensive content was designed. # All references of herb with its synonyms and therapeutic activities, cotemporary researches were collected. # The information was organized and pre..."

New page

Many research scholars have contributed in development of database on herbs in Charak Samhita. Content on each herbs is developed to signify its importance in clinical management. The methods includes following:

# A list of herbs in Charak Samhita is prepared.
# A template to develop comprehensive content was designed.
# All references of herb with its synonyms and therapeutic activities, cotemporary researches were collected.
# The information was organized and presented on the respective pages.

== Team ==
'''Chief Editor'''

[[Gopal Basisht|Dr. Gopal Basisht]]

'''Executive Editor'''

[[Yogesh Deole|Dr. Yogesh Shamrao Deole]] (Content Development)

'''Team Members'''

* Dr.Bhargav Bhide (Co-ordinator & Reviewer)
* Dr. Jigar Tanna (Reference Collection, Organization and Presentation)
* Dr. Riddhi Thakkar (Reference Collection and Organization)
* Dr.Shreya Marsonia (Reference Collection and Organization)
* Dr.Jyoti Khokhani (Reference Collection and Organization)
* Dr.Minaxi Zala (Reference Collection and Organization)
* Dr. Sumedh Joshi (Reference Collection and Organization)
* Dr. Vaibhav Kakde (Reference Collection and Organization)
* Dr. Supriya Deole (Co-ordinator)

== Links ==
[[Herbs details]]

Herbs details

Agnivesha — Mon, 24 Aug 2026 06:12:42 GMT

← Older revision		Revision as of 06:12, 24 August 2026
(4 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown)
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	Herbs details:		Herbs details:
			Herbs in [[Charak Samhita]]

	# [[Amalaki]]		# [[Amalaki]]
	# [[Bibhitaki]]		# [[Bibhitaki]]
	# [[Haritaki]]		# [[Haritaki]]
	~~# [[Guduchi]]~~
	~~# [[Ashwagandha]]~~
	# [[Shunthi]]		# [[Shunthi]]
	# [[Maricha]]		# [[Maricha]]
Line 12:		Line 11:
	# [[Vidanga]]		# [[Vidanga]]
	# [[Musta]]		# [[Musta]]
			# [[Guduchi]]
	# [[Brahmi]]		# [[Brahmi]]
	# [[Shankhapushpi]]		# [[Shankhapushpi]]
			# [[Ashwagandha]]
	# [[Shatavari]]		# [[Shatavari]]
	# [[Haridra]]		# [[Haridra]]
	# [[Arjuna]]		# [[Arjuna]]
	# [[Guggulu]]		# [[Guggulu]]
	# [[~~Yasthimadhu\|~~Yashtimadhu]]		# [[Yashtimadhu]]
	# [[Lodhra]]		# [[Lodhra]]
	# [[Agnimantha]]		# [[Agnimantha]]
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	# [[Punarnava]]		# [[Punarnava]]
	# [[Gokshura]]		# [[Gokshura]]
			# [[Surasa\|Tulasi]] ([[Surasa]])


	{\| class="wikitable sortable"		{\| class="wikitable sortable"
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	\| 14 \|\| Arka \|\| Ravi, Bhanu, Tapana,Tulaphala, vikirana,ksheeraparna \|\| '''Calotropis gigantea'''		\| 14 \|\| Arka \|\| Ravi, Bhanu, Tapana,Tulaphala, vikirana,ksheeraparna \|\| '''Calotropis gigantea'''
	\|-		\|-
	\| 15 \|\| Arjaka \|\| Barbari,~~Sheta~~ tulasi \|\| '''Ocimum gratissimum L.'''		\| 15 \|\| [[Surasa\|Surasa, Tulasi, Arjaka]]\|\| Kutherak, Phaninjhak, Arjaka(Tulsi bheda), Barbari,Shweta tulasi \|\| '''[[Surasa\|Ocimum sanctum L., (syn. Ocimum tenuiflorum L., Ocimum gratissimum L.)]]'''
	\|-		\|-
	\| 16 \|\| [[Arjuna]]\|\| Indradru, Nadisarja, Dhavala, Kakubha, Partha, Shweta vaha, \|\| '''[[Arjuna\|Terminalia Arjuna]]'''		\| 16 \|\| [[Arjuna]]\|\| Indradru, Nadisarja, Dhavala, Kakubha, Partha, Shweta vaha, \|\| '''[[Arjuna\|Terminalia Arjuna]]'''

Surasa

Agnivesha — Mon, 24 Aug 2026 05:31:27 GMT

External links

← Older revision		Revision as of 05:31, 24 August 2026
(One intermediate revision by the same user not shown)
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	* '''Family:''' Lamiaceae		* '''Family:''' Lamiaceae
	* '''Species:''' ''Ocimum sanctum'' L.(syn. ''Ocimum tenuiflorum'' L.)		* '''Species:''' ''Ocimum sanctum'' L.(syn. ''Ocimum tenuiflorum'' L.)
	* '''Common Names:''' Tulsi, Holy Basil, Surasa		* [[File:Tulasi.jpg\|thumb\|'''Tulasi (Ocimum sanctum)''']]'''Common Names:''' Tulsi, Holy Basil, Surasa

	==Therapeutic uses==		==Therapeutic uses==
	Aruchi,~~Swasa~~(dyspnea), kasa(cough), krumiroga(worm), ~~kustha~~(skin disease), pratishyaya(rhinitis), parshwashoola(flank pain)<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume 2 :73</ref>		Aruchi, Shwasa(dyspnea), kasa (cough), krumiroga (worm), kushtha(skin disease), pratishyaya(rhinitis), parshwashoola (flank pain)<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume 2 :73</ref>

	==Synonyms in Charak Samhita==		==Synonyms in Charak Samhita==
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	===Bhavaprakasa nighantu===		===Bhavaprakasa nighantu===
	Mentioned 2 types<ref>Pro. Krushnachandra Chunekar, Bhavaprakash Nighantu. Reprint Edition 2020, Chaukhambha Bharati Academy, pushpa varga, verse no.-63</ref>		Mentioned 2 types<ref>Pro. Krushnachandra Chunekar, Bhavaprakash Nighantu. Reprint Edition 2020, Chaukhambha Bharati Academy, pushpa varga, verse no.-63</ref>
	# ~~Sweta~~ tulasi		# Shweta tulasi
	# Krishna tulasi		# Krishna tulasi

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	As per A.P.I.<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume 2 :73</ref>		As per A.P.I.<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume 2 :73</ref>
	* Manasamitra vataka		* Manasamitra vataka
	* Tribhuvana kirti		* Tribhuvana kirti rasa
	* Mukta Panchamruta rasa		* Mukta Panchamruta rasa
	* Mahajwarankusa rasa		* Mahajwarankusa rasa
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	[https://cb.imsc.res.in/imppat/basicsearch/phytochemical IMPPAT database]		[https://cb.imsc.res.in/imppat/basicsearch/phytochemical IMPPAT database]
	[[~~Category: Database of herbs and minerals \|~~ Herbs]]
			[[Herbs details]]

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Tulasi

Surasa

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← Older revision		Revision as of 07:34, 26 August 2026
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	* ''Eugenia caryophyllata'' Thunb.		* ''Eugenia caryophyllata'' Thunb.
	* ''Eugenia caryophyllus'' (Spreng.) Bullock & S.G.Harrison		* ''Eugenia caryophyllus'' (Spreng.) Bullock & S.G.Harrison
	* ''Jambosa caryophyllus'' (Thunb.) Nied.		* ''Jambosa caryophyllus'' (Thunb.) Nied.[[File:Lavanga.jpg\|thumb\|'''Lavanga (''Syzygium aromaticum'')''']]

	== Synonyms in Classical Texts ==		== Synonyms in Classical Texts ==
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	The primary therapeutic potential of Lavanga resides in its volatile essential oil ('''Clove Oil'''), which yields 15% to 20% of the dried flower bud weight. The volatile profile is dominated by phenylpropanoids and sesquiterpenes:<ref name="AbdulAziz2023">{{cite journal \|vauthors=Abdul Aziz AH, Rizkiyah DN, Qomariyah L, Irianto I, Che Yunus MA, Putra NR \|title=Unlocking the Full Potential of Clove (Syzygium aromaticum) Spice: An Overview of Extraction Techniques, Bioactivity, and Future Opportunities in the Food and Beverage Industry \|journal=Processes \|volume=11 \|issue=8 \|pages=2453 \|year=2023 \|doi=10.3390/pr11082453}}</ref>		The primary therapeutic potential of Lavanga resides in its volatile essential oil ('''Clove Oil'''), which yields 15% to 20% of the dried flower bud weight. The volatile profile is dominated by phenylpropanoids and sesquiterpenes:<ref name="AbdulAziz2023">{{cite journal \|vauthors=Abdul Aziz AH, Rizkiyah DN, Qomariyah L, Irianto I, Che Yunus MA, Putra NR \|title=Unlocking the Full Potential of Clove (Syzygium aromaticum) Spice: An Overview of Extraction Techniques, Bioactivity, and Future Opportunities in the Food and Beverage Industry \|journal=Processes \|volume=11 \|issue=8 \|pages=2453 \|year=2023 \|doi=10.3390/pr11082453}}</ref>

	* '''[[Eugenol]] (4-allyl-2-methoxyphenol):''' Accounts for 70–90% of the total essential oil content. It functions as the primary bioactive constituent responsible for analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial actions.		* '''Eugenol (4-allyl-2-methoxyphenol):''' Accounts for 70–90% of the total essential oil content. It functions as the primary bioactive constituent responsible for analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial actions.
	* '''Eugenyl Acetate:''' Comprises 2–15% of the oil, contributing to the sedative, anti-inflammatory, and antispasmodic profile.		* '''Eugenyl Acetate:''' Comprises 2–15% of the oil, contributing to the sedative, anti-inflammatory, and antispasmodic profile.
	* '''~~[[Beta-Caryophyllene\|~~β-Caryophyllene]]:''' Represents 5–12% of the oil, acting as a selective ~~[[Cannabinoid receptor type 2\|~~cannabinoid receptor type-2]] (CB<sub>2</sub>) agonist with anti-inflammatory properties.		* '''β-Caryophyllene:''' Represents 5–12% of the oil, acting as a selective cannabinoid receptor type-2 (CB<sub>2</sub>) agonist with anti-inflammatory properties.
	* '''Polyphenols & Tannins:''' Contains gallic acid, ellagic acid, and flavonoids (quercetin, kaempferol) providing antioxidant protection.		* '''Polyphenols & Tannins:''' Contains gallic acid, ellagic acid, and flavonoids (quercetin, kaempferol) providing antioxidant protection.

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	== Safety Profile, Toxicology, & Contraindications ==		== Safety Profile, Toxicology, & Contraindications ==
	* '''Toxicity:''' ~~[[Generally recognized as safe\|~~Generally Recognized As Safe (GRAS)]] by the FDA as a food additive. However, concentrated clove oil applied undiluted can cause mucosal irritation, tissue necrosis, or contact dermatitis.		* '''Toxicity:''' Generally Recognized As Safe (GRAS) by the FDA as a food additive. However, concentrated clove oil applied undiluted can cause mucosal irritation, tissue necrosis, or contact dermatitis.
	* '''Overdose Risk:''' Oral ingestion of concentrated eugenol in high doses (>10–12 mL) can induce systemic toxicity characterized by acute liver injury, disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), metabolic acidosis, and central nervous system depression.		* '''Overdose Risk:''' Oral ingestion of concentrated eugenol in high doses (>10–12 mL) can induce systemic toxicity characterized by acute liver injury, disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), metabolic acidosis, and central nervous system depression.
	* '''Drug Interactions:''' Due to antiplatelet effects mediated through thromboxane A<sub>2</sub> inhibition, caution is warranted when co-administered with oral anticoagulants (e.g., [[Warfarin]]) or antiplatelet agents (e.g., [[Aspirin]], [[Clopidogrel]]).		* '''Drug Interactions:''' Due to antiplatelet effects mediated through thromboxane A<sub>2</sub> inhibition, caution is warranted when co-administered with oral anticoagulants (e.g., [[Warfarin]]) or antiplatelet agents (e.g., Aspirin, Clopidogrel).

	== References ==		== References ==