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| </div></div> | | </div></div> |
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− | We shall now expound the chapter on moribund signs like inverted physical shadow (of a being). Thus said Lord Atreya. [1-2] | + | We shall now expound the chapter "Avakshiraseeya" (Fatal signs like inverted shadow of dying person).Thus said Lord Atreya. [1-2] |
| | | |
− | ==== Moribund feature of shadow ====
| + | Note: The chapter deals with moribund signs like inverted physical shadow (of a being). |
| + | |
| + | === Moribund feature of shadow === |
| <div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"> | | <div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"> |
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| If the physical shadow of the individual is found to be inverted (head downwards and legs upwards), irregular or without the head, he must not be treated. [3] | | If the physical shadow of the individual is found to be inverted (head downwards and legs upwards), irregular or without the head, he must not be treated. [3] |
| | | |
− | ==== Moribund feature on eyelids ====
| + | === Moribund feature on eyelids === |
| <div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"> | | <div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"> |
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| An emaciated person who is unable to close his eyes due to swollen eyelids and also accompanied by burning eyes should be considered as good as departed. [5] | | An emaciated person who is unable to close his eyes due to swollen eyelids and also accompanied by burning eyes should be considered as good as departed. [5] |
| | | |
− | ==== Moribund feature on eyebrows and forehead ====
| + | === Moribund feature on eyebrows and forehead === |
| <div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"> | | <div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"> |
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| These patients (having above mentioned signs), will survive for three days, and healthy individuals (having above mentioned signs) will survive maximum for 6 nights. [7] | | These patients (having above mentioned signs), will survive for three days, and healthy individuals (having above mentioned signs) will survive maximum for 6 nights. [7] |
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− | ==== Moribund feature of hairs ====
| + | === Moribund feature of hairs === |
| <div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"> | | <div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"> |
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| If the hair of the individual appears to be unreasonably greasy then he should be considered as at the fag-end of his life and should not be treated.[9] | | If the hair of the individual appears to be unreasonably greasy then he should be considered as at the fag-end of his life and should not be treated.[9] |
| | | |
− | ==== Moribund feature of nose ====
| + | === Moribund feature of nose === |
| <div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"> | | <div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"> |
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| Excessive nasal flaring or constriction, distortion in shape and extreme dryness of the nose indicate that the individual will not survive. [11] | | Excessive nasal flaring or constriction, distortion in shape and extreme dryness of the nose indicate that the individual will not survive. [11] |
| | | |
− | ==== Incurable signs on face, ear and lips ====
| + | === Incurable signs on face, ear and lips === |
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| If the face, ears and lips become abnormally (without any visible cause) white, brown, excessively red or blue, then such a patient seldom recovers from the disease. [12] | | If the face, ears and lips become abnormally (without any visible cause) white, brown, excessively red or blue, then such a patient seldom recovers from the disease. [12] |
| | | |
− | ==== Incurable signs on teeth ====
| + | === Incurable signs on teeth === |
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| A patient having morbid conditions like appearance of bony white teeth, white flower shaped spots and mud like appearance over teeth cannot recover from the disease. [13] | | A patient having morbid conditions like appearance of bony white teeth, white flower shaped spots and mud like appearance over teeth cannot recover from the disease. [13] |
| | | |
− | ==== Fatal signs on tongue ====
| + | === Fatal signs on tongue === |
| <div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"> | | <div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"> |
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| If the tongue becomes rigid, senseless, heavy, excessively coated with a thorn like fur, brown in color, dry or swollen and constantly mobile, then the patient having such signs should be considered as good as dead. [14] | | If the tongue becomes rigid, senseless, heavy, excessively coated with a thorn like fur, brown in color, dry or swollen and constantly mobile, then the patient having such signs should be considered as good as dead. [14] |
| | | |
− | ==== Fatal sign of respiration ====
| + | === Fatal sign of respiration === |
| <div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"> | | <div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"> |
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| If a person faints after a short expiration followed by a long inspiration, then he should be considered as nearing his end and must not be treated. [15] | | If a person faints after a short expiration followed by a long inspiration, then he should be considered as nearing his end and must not be treated. [15] |
| | | |
− | ==== Fatal sign of extremities and neck ====
| + | === Fatal sign of extremities and neck === |
| <div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"> | | <div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"> |
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| Excessive coldness, roughness and softness in hands, legs and neck indicate the end of the life of the person. [16] | | Excessive coldness, roughness and softness in hands, legs and neck indicate the end of the life of the person. [16] |
| | | |
− | ==== Fatal signs of abnormal movements ====
| + | === Fatal signs of abnormal movements === |
| <div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"> | | <div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"> |
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| If the person moves his head with difficulty with the help of the fore-arms and if there is sweating in the forehead and is a sign of detachment from life, he is moribund. [26] | | If the person moves his head with difficulty with the help of the fore-arms and if there is sweating in the forehead and is a sign of detachment from life, he is moribund. [26] |
| | | |
− | ==== Summary ====
| + | === Summary === |
| <div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"> | | <div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"> |
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| Chyutabandhanaḥ (Detachment from life) symptom can be interpreted either as release of all bodily sphincters or complete detachment of the bindings of the world, both acknowledged by contemporary science.[26] | | Chyutabandhanaḥ (Detachment from life) symptom can be interpreted either as release of all bodily sphincters or complete detachment of the bindings of the world, both acknowledged by contemporary science.[26] |
| </div> | | </div> |
| + | |
| === Similar references in other texts === | | === Similar references in other texts === |
| | | |
− | Shloka 4 - 7: Su. Su. 31/10, A.H. Sha. 5/17,<br> | + | Shloka 4 - 7: Su. Sa. Sutra Sthana 31/10, A.H. Sharira Sthana 5/17,<br> |
− | Shlok-08:Ca. I. 11/17<br>
| + | Shloka-08: [[Charak Samhita]] [[Indriya Sthana]] 11/17<br> |
− | Shlok-09: A.H. Sha. 5/16 & 19,<br>
| + | Shloka-09: A.H. Sharira Sthana 5/16 & 19,<br> |
− | Shlok-10-12: Su. Su. 31/08,<br>
| + | Shloka-10-12: Su.Sa. Sutra Sthana 31/08,<br> |
− | Shlok-13: Su. Su. 31/06, A.H. Sha. 5/10<br>
| + | Shloka-13: Su.Sa. Sutra Sthana 31/06, A.H. Sharira Sthana 5/10<br> |
− | Shlok-14: Su. Su. 31/07, A.H. Sha. 5/10,<br>
| + | Shloka-14: Su.Sa. Sutra Sthana 31/07, A.H. Sharira Sthana 5/10,<br> |
− | Shlok-18-19: Su. Su. 31/07, A.H. Sha. 5/10,<br>
| + | Shloka-18-19: Su.Sa. Sutra Sthana 31/07, A.H. Sharira Sthana 5/10,<br> |
− | Shlok-22: Su. Su. 31/11, A.H. Sha. 5/11<br>
| + | Shloka-22: Su.Sa. Sutra Sthana 31/11, A.H. Sharira Sthana 5/11<br> |
− | Shlok-23: A.H. Sha. 5/109,<br>
| + | Shloka-23: A.H. Sharira Sthana 5/109,<br> |
− | Shlok-24: A.H. Sha. 5/110,<br>
| + | Shloka-24: A.H. Sharira Sthana 5/110,<br> |
− | Shlok-26:A.H. Sha. 5/57.<br>
| + | Shloka-26:A.H. Sharira Sthana 5/57.<br> |
| + | |
| + | Abbreviations: Su. = Sushruta, Sa.= Samhita , A.H.= Ashtanga Hridaya |
| + | |
| Note: Thirty six moribund signs are mentioned in section of Sanskrit ''shloka'' and their translation in English and are not repeated here. | | Note: Thirty six moribund signs are mentioned in section of Sanskrit ''shloka'' and their translation in English and are not repeated here. |
| | | |
− | === References ===
| + | |
| + | == References == |
| | | |
| <references/> | | <references/> |