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Line 444: − + − + − + − − − + − − + − − + − − + − − + − − − − − − − − <div style="text-align:justify;">The excelled physico-pharmacological properties of a ''Vamana'' drug, which is known as ''Veerya'' (potency) are as follows; ''Tikshna'' (sharp),''sukshma'' (subtle),''vyavayi'' (pervading) and ''vikasi''(loosening). In fact, those are basically expression of ''agni'' and ''Vayumahabhutas''. Because of ''agni'' and ''Vayumahabhuta'', they have the inherency to move upwards, thereby, all such drugs perform their action to eliminate impurities from upper tract. They perform their action by reaching to the heart and circulating in the body through vascular system and conjugated mass in the form of impurities is liquefied and float in the oiled body. This liquefied impurities reaches in the stomach and due to inherence of the aforesaid potencies in association of ''udana vayu'', the impurities are expelled through gastro-oral route. But ''vamana'' drugs serves their function not only because of the predominance of specific ''mahabhuta'' but also due to their ''prabhava'' (specific action). If the predominance of ''mahabhutas'' is considered to be the only causative factors. Then there are many drugs with the above ''mahabhuta'' predominance and not have ''vamana'' action (Ca.Ka.1/5). − − The drugs are required to be collected keeping in view the appropriate habitat (''desha-sampat''), appropriate season (''kala-sampat'') and their effective attributes (''guna-smapat''). The ''vamana dravya'' (drug) possesses strong potency endowed due to ''desha''(habitat),''kala''(time), ''guna'' (properties) and ''bhaajana'' (container) (Ca.Ka.1/7). − − To understand the habitat of a drug, place have been categorically divided into three major types; ''jangala'' (wild/arid), ''anupa'' (aquatic/marshy)and ''sadharana'' (medium/combined of arid and marshy). The examples of the plant grown in particular habitat are enumerated separately under each category. Not only that the characteristic features of that place with fauna of the area is also lucidly described (Ca.Ka.1/8). − − It is emphasized that timely grown, mature, unaffected by environment and organisms are the best drug for collection (Ca.Ka.1/9). − − Further their collection time in accordance with season and part specific of the plant is note worthy, which reflects quality, safety and efficacy of a particular drug. It is worthy to mention here that even cleanliness and conduct of a person who will be collecting the parts of the medicinal plants has been directed, which shows deep concern of the Ayurvedic scholars for best quality drugs for human welfare(Ca.Ka.1/10). − − After collection and procurement of the plant drug parts, the method of administration in accordance with the involvement of three ''doshas'' for best effectiveness has been narrated. Also the adjuvant with the drugs like curd, honey, fruit juices, decoctions, cows urine etc. according to ''dosha'' (''vata, pitta'' and ''kapha'') involvement in predominance is vividly stated, which has great therapeutic value (Ca.Ka.1/12). − − Amongst all the emetic vegetable origin drugs, fruits of ''Madanaphala'' are regarded as best as they are free from any kind of adverse effect leading to complications. For the best efficacy and free from any complication specific collection time of matured fruits as well as post collection processing in natural condition, characteristics of quality to be observed has been guided. All such quality material for their storage system is also given, which shows standard method for the good clinical practices(Ca.Ka.1/13). − − The selected patient and the normal person agreed for the emetic procedure must follow the unction and sudation steps for beneficial desired effect. Day-to-day regimen of consumption of food during different period of time has great relevance, which is quite convenience in accordance to theory of Ayurveda which is unique because no one can be kept away from the dietary regimen even in the state of suffering. As per the ancient tradition of administration of medicine to have the uncomplicated effect, chanting of hymns is mentioned, which has psychological effect (Ca.Ka.1/14). − − For the elimination of the impurities, a common vehicle/adjuvant i.e., honey and rock salt has been advised, which actually for the liquefying of the ''kapha''. In general honey heated or given to a patient suffering from hot ailments is harmful. But in the emetic recipes, honey taken along with hot water is thrown out before digestion along with vomited material. In addition, honey helps in the elimination of morbid material. So it is added to the emetic recipes (Ca.Ka.1/15). − − The dose and dosage forms are of great relevance to obtain the desired effect are also narrated. Therefore, a number of preparations in different dosage forms with the decoction of other effective drugs, superannuated fatty layer of medicated curd preparation, butter formed from the milk boiled with ''Madanaphala'' seeds and processed with the paste and the decoction of ''Madanaphala'', pollen like powder of ''Madanaphala'' seeds processed in decoction of ''Madanaphala'', extract of ''Madanaphala'' seeds according to that of ''bhallataka,'' dried powder of seeds, linctus prepared of ''Madanaphala'' seeds with the decoction of the other drugs etc. In all such 133 formulations are described by the ancient great sages with their vast experiences in this chapter on pharmaceuticals of ''Madanaphala'' Effect of these drugs vary, depending upon their habitat, collection a storage and on patients, ''deha'' (physique), ''doshas, prakriti'' (constitution), ''vaya'' (age), ''bala'' (strength), ''agni'' (power of digestion and metabolism), ''bhakti'' (liking of particular type of recipe), ''satmya'' (adaptability). Therefore, the recipes based on their permutations and combination are innumerable and it is not possible to describe them all so only 133 of these recipes which are neither too brief nor too elaborate is described in this chapters. On the basis of this description the intelligent physician can formulate many other recipes to suit the exact requirement of his patient (Ca.Ka.1/16-30). − </div>
→Tattva Vimarsha
=== ''Tattva Vimarsha'' ===
=== ''Tattva Vimarsha'' ===
# The impurities in upper part of body can be removed through mouth by ''Vamana'' (therapeutic emesis).
#The impurities in upper part of body can be removed through mouth by ''Vamana'' (therapeutic emesis).
#The impurities in lower part of body can be removed through rectum by ''Virechana'' (therapeutic purgation).
# The impurities in lower part of body can be removed through rectum by ''Virechana'' (therapeutic purgation).
# The thearapeutic emetic drugs shall possess qualities like ''ushna'' (hot), ''tikṣhṇa'' (sharply acting), ''sukshma'' (deeply
# The thearapeutic emetic drugs shall possess qualities like ''ushna'' (hot), ''tikṣhṇa'' (sharply acting), ''sukshma'' (deeply
penetrating), ''vyavayi''(quality of spreading all over body before digested/quickly acting) and ''vikashi'' (quality of spreading all
penetrating), ''vyavayi''(quality of spreading all over body before digested/quickly acting) and ''vikashi'' (quality of spreading all
over body before digested/quickly acting and displaces tissues from physiological sites).
over body before digested/quickly acting and displaces tissues from physiological sites).
#In the process of therapeutic emesis, it is necessary for drug to reach the heart, circulate through vessels and effect the mass of
# In the process of therapeutic emesis, it is necessary for drug to reach the heart, circulate through vessels and effect the mass of
impurity in the entire body, liquefy it out through large and small ducts due to agni (factors responsible for digestion and
impurity in the entire body, liquefy it out through large and small ducts due to agni (factors responsible for digestion and
metabolism) nature and disjoin it due to sharpness.
metabolism) nature and disjoin it due to sharpness.
#The impurities, thus dislocated from the micro-circulation by drugs, consequently the float (in circulation) and get propelled upside
# The impurities, thus dislocated from the micro-circulation by drugs, consequently the float (in circulation) and get propelled upside
by force of ''Udana'' (''Vayu'') towards mouth.
by force of ''Udana'' (''Vayu'') towards mouth.
#Therapeutic emesis occurs by the natural composition of the drug with ''Agni'' and ''Vayu'' (''Mahabhutas'') and the specific potency
# Therapeutic emesis occurs by the natural composition of the drug with ''Agni'' and ''Vayu'' (''Mahabhutas'') and the specific potency
(for emesis).
(for emesis).
#Therapeutic emesis occurs when the natural composition of the drug predominates in ''Jala'' and ''Prithvi mahabhuta'' and there is
# Therapeutic emesis occurs when the natural composition of the drug predominates in ''Jala'' and ''Prithvi mahabhuta'' and there is
specific potency (for purgation).
specific potency (for purgation).
#Three types of habitat are ''Jangala''(arid), ''Anupa''(marshy) and ''Sadharana'' (medium). People with ''Vata'' and ''Pitta''
# Three types of habitat are ''Jangala''(arid), ''Anupa''(marshy) and ''Sadharana'' (medium). People with ''Vata'' and ''Pitta''
dominance are seen in 'Jangala'' habitat. People with ''Vata'' and ''Kapha'' dominance are seen in ''Anupa'' habitat.
dominance are seen in 'Jangala'' habitat. People with ''Vata'' and ''Kapha'' dominance are seen in ''Anupa'' habitat.
# The drugs are required to be collected keeping in view the appropriate habitat (''desha-sampat''), appropriate season (''kala sampat'')
# The drugs are required to be collected keeping in view the appropriate habitat (''desha-sampat''), appropriate season (''kala sampat'')
and their effective attributes (''guna smapat''). The ''Vamana dravya'' (drug) possesses strong potency endowed due to
and their effective attributes (''guna smapat''). The ''Vamana dravya'' (drug) possesses strong potency endowed due to
''desha''(habitat), ''kala''(time) ''guna'' (properties) and ''bhajana'' (container).
''desha''(habitat), ''kala''(time) ''guna'' (properties) and ''bhajana'' (container).
# The proportion of active principle in useful parts of medicinal plant varies according to season. Hence, time of collection is
# The proportion of active principle in useful parts of medicinal plant varies according to season. Hence, time of collection is
important while collecting the medicinal plant, in order to achieve its highest potency, safety and efficacy.
important while collecting the medicinal plant, in order to achieve its highest potency, safety and efficacy.
# The timely grown, naturally matured, unaffected by environment and organisms are the best drug for collection.
# The timely grown, naturally matured, unaffected by environment and organisms are the best drug for collection.
# Effect of drugs vary, depending upon their habitat, collection, storage and on patients, ''deha'' (physique), ''Doshas'', ''prakriti''
# Effect of drugs vary, depending upon their habitat, collection, storage and on patients, ''deha'' (physique), ''Doshas'', ''prakriti''
(constitution), ''Vaya'' (age), ''Bala'' (strength), ''Agni'' (power of digestion and metabolism), ''Bhakti'' (liking of particular
(constitution), ''Vaya'' (age), ''Bala'' (strength), ''Agni'' (power of digestion and metabolism), ''Bhakti'' (liking of particular
type of recipe), 'Satmya'' (wholesomeness).
type of recipe), 'Satmya'' (wholesomeness).
=== ''Vidhi Vimarsha'' ===
=== ''Vidhi Vimarsha'' ===