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The word panchakarma is composed of two words, ‘pancha’ and ‘karma’. Pancha means five and karma means ‘action’.  In this context karma represents therapeutic procedure or treatment given by a physician. Thus, Panchakarma means the five kinds of therapeutic procedures or treatments. This includes therapeutic emesis ([[vamana]]), therapeutic purgation ([[virechana]]), therapeutic enema with decoction (niruha), therapeutic enema with unctuous substances (anuvasana) and trans-nasal drug administration ([[nasya]]). These procedures are intended to maintain equilibrium in body by expelling the excessively aggravated [[dosha]] outside through nearest external route. [Chakrapani on [[Sutra Sthana]] 2/15] [Su.Sa.Chi.33/3]. These are indicated as seasonal regimen for preservation of health and prevention of diseases. [Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 7/45-50]

The word panchakarma is composed of two words, ‘pancha’ and ‘karma’. Pancha means five and karma means ‘action’<ref>Monier-Williams, Monier-Williams Sanskrit- English Dictionary, 1st edition; Oxford University Press, Karman, Page 258</ref>.  In this context karma represents therapeutic procedure or treatment given by a physician. Thus, Panchakarma means the five kinds of therapeutic procedures or treatments. This includes therapeutic emesis ([[vamana]]), therapeutic purgation ([[virechana]]), therapeutic enema with decoction (niruha), therapeutic enema with unctuous substances (anuvasana) and trans-nasal drug administration ([[nasya]]). These procedures are intended to maintain equilibrium in body by expelling the excessively aggravated [[dosha]] outside through nearest external route. [Chakrapani on [[Sutra Sthana]] 2/15] [Su.Sa.Chi.33/3]. These are indicated as seasonal regimen for preservation of health and prevention of diseases. [Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 7/45-50]

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Panchakarma are indicated in management of all diseases in which the [[dosha]] are excessively aggravated and need to be removed from body [Cha.Sa.[[Vimana Sthana]] 3/44].  

Panchakarma are indicated in management of all diseases in which the [[dosha]] are excessively aggravated and need to be removed from body [Cha.Sa.[[Vimana Sthana]] 3/44].  

Panchakarma are administered in acute exacerbated conditions of diseases like skin diseases (kushtha) [Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7], erysipelas(visarpa)[Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 21], diseases of three vital organs -heart, brain and kidney (tri [[marma]])[Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26].  

Panchakarma are administered in acute exacerbated conditions of diseases like skin diseases (kushtha) [Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7], erysipelas(visarpa)[Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 21], diseases of three vital organs -heart, brain and kidney (tri [[marma]])[Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26].  

These therapies are effective in management of chronic diseases by removing toxins like [[ama]]. Panchakarma therapies like unctuous enema (anuvasana) are utilized for restoration of health.  Panchakarma is helpful in the prevention of diseases, preservation and promotion of health.

These therapies are effective in management of chronic diseases by removing toxins like [[ama]]. Panchakarma therapies like unctuous enema (anuvasana) are utilized for restoration of health.  Panchakarma is helpful in the prevention of diseases, preservation and promotion of health<ref>Sharma H., Chandola H.M., Singh G., Basisht G. Utilization of Ayurveda in health care: an approach for prevention, health promotion, and treatment of disease. Part 1 – Ayurveda in primary health care. J Altern Complement Med. 2007;13(9):1011–1019.</ref>.

    

    

==Cautions in administration of panchakarma==

==Cautions in administration of panchakarma==

1. Classical panchakarma therapies are followed as described in classics.

1. Classical panchakarma therapies are followed as described in classics.

2. Traditional panchakarma therapies are modified and sophisticated external oleation and sudation therapies based on classics. These are widely publicized as Keraliya panchakarma. Some practitioners consider pouring medicated liquid on head (shiraseka), whole body (kaya seka), application of processed rice in bolus (shashtikashalipindasweda), as paste on body (anna lepa), application of herbal paste on head (shirolepa) as keraliya panchakarma. These therapies gained global recognition due to their efficacy and practices in resorts and spas.  

2. Traditional panchakarma therapies are modified and sophisticated external oleation and sudation therapies based on classics. These are widely publicized as Keraliya panchakarma. Some practitioners consider pouring medicated liquid on head (shiraseka), whole body (kaya seka), application of processed rice in bolus (shashtikashalipindasweda), as paste on body (anna lepa), application of herbal paste on head (shirolepa) as keraliya panchakarma. These therapies gained global recognition due to their efficacy and practices in resorts and spas<ref>Patil Vasant. Principles and Practice of Panchakarma.Ilkal, India: Atreya Ayurveda publications,2011.pg.7.</ref>.  

However, the fundamental principles of panchakarma therapies shall always be followed to achieve maximum benefit.  

However, the fundamental principles of panchakarma therapies shall always be followed to achieve maximum benefit.  

Many research studies show efficacy of panchakarma therapies in management of diseases.  

Many research studies show efficacy of panchakarma therapies in management of diseases.  

*Research has shown that it reduces risk factors for heart disease and decreases blood levels of fat-soluble toxins such as polychlorinated biphenyls and agrochemicals by about 50%.  

*Research has shown that it reduces risk factors for heart disease<ref>Sharma HM, Nidich SI, Sands D, Smith DE. Improvement in cardiovascular risk factors through Panchakarma purifi- cation procedures. J Res Educ Indian Med 1993;12:2–13.</ref> and decreases blood levels of fat-soluble toxins such as polychlorinated biphenyls and agrochemicals by about 50%<ref>Herron RE, Fagan JB. Lipophil-mediated reduction of toxicants in humans: An evaluation of an Ayurvedic detoxification procedure. Altern Ther Health Med 2002;8:40–51.</ref>.  

*External and internal purification therapy is found to be effective in reducing the symptoms of blistering skin disease (visphotakushtha) within a short duration with a longlasting effect.   

*External and internal purification therapy is found to be effective in reducing the symptoms of blistering skin disease (visphotakushtha) within a short duration with a longlasting effect<ref>Aiswarya IV, Parameswaran Namboothiri K, Anandaraman PV. Effect of multimodality Ayurvedic treatment in a case of Visphotakushta. J Ayurveda Integr Med. 2019 Jul - Sep;10(3):207-213. doi: 10.1016/j.jaim.2018.06.005.</ref>.   

*Panchakarma followed by internal medications showed amelioration of motor, sensory and sphincter deficits in case of GuillainBarre syndrome.  

*Panchakarma followed by internal medications showed amelioration of motor, sensory and sphincter deficits in case of GuillainBarre syndrome<ref>Basavaraj R Tubaki, Shruti Tarapure. Ayurveda management of Gullian Barre syndrome: A case report. J Ayurveda Integr Med. 2020 Jan - Mar;11(1):73-77. doi: 10.1016/j.jaim.2018.08.004. Epub 2019 Jan 18</ref>.  

*Panchakarma along with internal medications showed improvement in growth and development and also reduces spasticity in spastic cerebral palsy.  

*Panchakarma along with internal medications showed improvement in growth and development and also reduces spasticity in spastic cerebral palsy<ref>Sagar M Bhinde, Kalpana S Patel et al. Management of Spactic cerebral palsy through multiple Ayurveda treatment modalities. Ayu. 2014 Oct-Dec; 35(4): 462–466. doi: 10.4103/0974-8520.159044</ref>.  

*The quality of life of patients can be improved through panchakarma procedures especially in case of skin disorders.  

*The quality of life of patients can be improved through panchakarma procedures especially in case of skin disorders<ref>Harish Deshpande, Shivkumar et al. Assessment of quality of life in patients with skin disorders undergoing Ayurvedic Panchakarma (biopurification) as management. J Evid Based Complementary Altern Med. 2016 Jul;21(3):215-20. doi: 10.1177/2156587215615026. Epub 2015 Nov 12.</ref>.  

*In neurodegenerative conditions like supranuclear palsy Ayurvedic treatment modalities including panchakarma is found effective in causing symptomatic improvements.  

*In neurodegenerative conditions like supranuclear palsy Ayurvedic treatment modalities including panchakarma is found effective in causing symptomatic improvements<ref>Nitin Jindal, Manoj K et al. Efficacy of Ayurvedic treatment using Panchakarma combined with balance exercises for disability and balance in progressive supranuclear palsy. Anc Sci Life. 2012 Jul;32(1):54-8. doi: 10.4103/0257-7941.113793.</ref>.  

==List of theses done==

==List of theses done==

==More information==

==More information==

[[ApamargaTanduliyaAdhyaya]] [[Snehadhyaya]] [[Swedadhyaya]] [[Upakalpaniya Adhyaya]] [[Chikitsaprabhritiya Adhyaya]] [[Kalpana Siddhi]] [[Panchakarmiya Siddhi]] [[Bastisutriyam Siddhi]] [[Snehavyapat Siddhi]] [[Netrabastivyapat Siddhi]] [[Vamana Virechana Vyapat Siddhi]] [[Bastivyapat Siddhi]] [[Prasrita Yogiyam Siddhi]] [[Trimarmiya Siddhi]] [[Basti Siddhi]] [[Phalamatra Siddhi]] [[Uttar Basti Siddhi]]  

[[Apamarga Tanduliya Adhyaya]], [[Snehadhyaya]], [[Swedadhyaya]], [[Upakalpaniya Adhyaya]], [[Chikitsaprabhritiya Adhyaya]], [[Kalpana Siddhi]], [[Panchakarmiya Siddhi]], [[Bastisutriyam Siddhi]], [[Snehavyapat Siddhi]], [[Netrabastivyapat Siddhi]], [[Vamana Virechana Vyapat Siddhi]], [[Bastivyapat Siddhi]], [[Prasrita Yogiyam Siddhi]], [[Trimarmiya Siddhi]], [[Basti Siddhi]], [[Phalamatra Siddhi]], [[Uttar Basti Siddhi]]  

===Related Articles===

===Related Articles===

[[Vamana]] [[Virechana]] [[Basti]] [[Nasya]] [[Raktamoksha]] [[Snehana]] [[Swedana]]

[[Vamana]],

[[Virechana]],

[[Basti]],

[[Nasya]],

[[Raktamoksha]],

[[Snehana]],

[[Swedana]]

===List of references===

===List of references===

The list of references for Panchakarma in Charak Samhita can be seen here[[Media:References_of_word_Panchakarma_in_Charak_Samhita.pdf]]

The list of references for Panchakarma in Charak Samhita can be seen [[Media:References_of_word_Panchakarma_in_Charak_Samhita.pdf|here]]

==References==

==References==